breast cancer in African American Women
HCA 430: Special Population
Jennine Kinsey
Daisha Smith
October 8, 2012
“Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the U.S. only exceed by heart disease and the number one killer of persons before the age of 75” (Turnock, B., 2007, p.28).
Vulnerable populations can range from homeless, alcohol and substance abuses, or chronically or mentally ill and disabled that has a number of health-related issues. Cancer is a disease that most people do not think is a vulnerable population. Due to their lack of resources and access to health care, they are considered at high risk for poor lifestyle choices or behaviors that can lead to the development of cancer. Research shows there is only about 5% of cancer is an inherited gene. The other 95% are developed by genetically damaged genes through either internal metabolic and hormonal issues or external factors like smoking substance abuse or “excessive exposure to sunlight” (American Cancer Society, 2012).
According to the American Cancer Society (2012), this year approximately 1,638,910 US citizens has cancer and 48,130 from Georgia with cancer and 15, 790 from Georgia that has died from cancer. In the nation prostate cancer is the first to be diagnosed with cancer with 241,740 cases per year; followed by breast cancer 226,870, lung cancer 226,160, and colorectal 143,430 cancers (American Cancer Society, 2012).
The Essay on Moneys Influence In American Society
The driving force behind American society is money. People plan their lives around it, and it plans out peoples lives. Someone is considered to be successful, not by how hard he works or by how happy he is, but by how much money he has made. Americans lust over it so greatly that most criminal actions are committed in an attempt to get more of it. The captivating beauty of cupidity determines the ...
For women, “heart disease is the main cause of death and breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women in the United States and one in four American women will develop breast cancer in the course of a lifetime” (CDC, 2012).
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second-most fatal cancer among black women. More so, the reason being is low economic and educational status, lack of resources for health care and a poor lifestyle choice can increase the risk for cancer in the community. The goal for cancer is to organize screening and educated every woman on the disease. This will improve health and aid in the reduction of cancer within the community.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discover that African American women and men have a higher cancer risk than any other ethnicity. The census bureau reveals that 1,596.7 million African American with cancer and 44.6 million in Georgia (U.S. Census Bureau, 2011).
The American Cancer Society (2012), more than 26,000 were diagnosed with breast cancer and cancer infection is 45 times higher in other women. In African American women, detection of the disease is not until after it has progressed into a larger state. African American women are more likely not to do a breast cancer screening. The risk of breast cancer has risen for women who are chronically ill, overweight, drink excessively, smoke tobacco, or have a STDs, and have a genetic history of cancer need to do the screening. According to the National Cancer Coalition (2011), “Social inequities and lack of access to insurance or health care can influence the risk of developing cancer by creating additional barriers to cancer screening because only about half of all African American women 50 and older have ever been tested for breast cancer”.
In Georgia, cancer costs in 2004 were approximately $4.6 million for direct medical costs, $406 million for indirect morbidity costs, and $ 2.5 billion for indirect mortality costs (www.health.state.ga.us).
The Review on Thyroid Cancer in Women
Introduction Thyroid cancer is admittedly the commonest endocrine malignancy often detected among young patients and frequently among the women. In most populations, the median age of its detection tends to be quite low, actually below 40 in most cases. It is currently the fastest growing cancers among women. Despite the fact that the cancer is still quite rare, it continues to be increasingly on ...
I never would have thought the cost of cancer was a big cost but the new cases and the death that follow. I would give my last dime to find a cure for cancer because about 15 years ago I lost my aunt to breast cancer.
There are several strategies to help us control breast cancer. One of the strategies is teaching women the prevention by educating them on making the right lifestyle changes and a If you are 40 or over a breast cancer screening and mammogram need to be done every 2 years. The American Cancer Society (2012), impress that “diets rich in dairy and animal fats add to the risk factors of uncontrollable weight gain, which can lead to obesity, lack of exercise”. Menopausal symptoms are another strategy that African American needs to manage. Most menopausal management is the use of hormone replacement therapy, which increases the risk of cancer incidence in African American women greatly.
October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month all over the United States. When you look at breast cancer in African American women, there is a certain need to shorten the cause of breast cancer and diminish the late detection. “This will enable women to start early with breast cancer treatment if it is detected, thus increasing their survival rates” (Keller, Guilfoyle, & Sariego, 2011).
In order to make sure everyone is a where of breast cancer; churches are doing free self-exams on all women over 40 to show how this works in the month of October.
The objective of the program is to make young African American women aware of the inherent danger of breast cancer and that modeling their lifestyles behaviors around a healthy way of living will increase their chances of surviving or even preventing the disease. The goal of the program is to reduce the incidence of mortality and provide access to screening and early detection to increase survival rates. Community intervention is important especially when a breast self-exam is free. In the demonstrations, films and pamphlets can be given out on the procedure. This program can support women who already are afflicted with breast cancer, give speeches about their survival and impress the importance of regular screening and mammograms. In addition to priorities directed at breast cancer, tobacco use and educating the younger women on diet and self-exam will be part of the intervention program.
The Essay on Breast Cancer Stage Women Risk
BREAST CANCER) Anatomy of the breast The breast is a gland designed to make milk. II) What is breast cancer? Breast cancer is an abnormal growth of cells. These abnormal growths are called tumors. Not all tumors are cancerous. Non-cancerous tumors - benign Cancerous tumors - malignant If not treated the cancer may spread to other parts of the body. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in ...
The Susan G. Komen program is an important source for breast cancer. The Komen foundation raises money all year during the month of October for Breast Cancer Awareness. The money is giving to the different programs that attend the underserved populations for screening, education, treatment and even research. They also teach other how to hold their own fundraiser.
Preventative screening with mammograms cost anywhere from $155 – $325 dollars per person plus the doctor’s fee for reading it. That cost is relatively small compared to ongoing long-term treatments, medications, nursing care and special dietary needs. This program of intervention and prevention can save almost a million depending on how many people served in our campaign. An oncologist can charge several hundred thousand to stop cancer cells from growing or 30 to 40 thousand for one mastectomy surgery. The mammograms can be as low as 40 dollars per screening and to certain vulnerable persons like the homeless the test can be done for free.
Breast Cancer is a disease that affects all ethnicity. African American is a higher risk for cancer than anyone else. Some of the risks that may cause cancer are poor lifestyle behaviors, obesity, and tobacco use. African American women need to be educated about how some of them are genetically at risk and bad choices in their lifestyle as alcohol abuse can double the risk. An annual mammogram screening will allow for every detection and intervention for treatment as a “community-oriented health policy acknowledges that individual’s health and well-being depend on primary prevention efforts that include both community and public health programs and services” to serve those with the fewest resources; the vulnerable populations(Aday, 2003, p.274).
Reference
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At Risk in America: The health and health care needs of vulnerable populations in the United States. (2nd ed.).
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
American Cancer Society. (2012).
Cancer facts and figures for African
The Term Paper on Genetic Screening Of Breast Cancer
Hereditary breast cancer is a disease caused by mutations on breast cancer suppresser genes (ACCV Pg. 17). Mutations allow normal cells to divide abnormally (ACCV Pg. 13). Resulting cells divide faster as they do not specialise and form useless lumps of cells called malignant tumours (ACCV Pg. 13). Genetic Screening is the process where Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) fragments are analysed for a ...
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Geographical Influence on Racial Disparity in Breast
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