Geography chapter 1
Agriculture: Growing of crops or rearing of animals
Communications: Exchange of information and ideas between people
Interaction: Process where two things affect each other’s development
Population: Refers to the people occupying an area
Settlements: Places where people live and carry out activities
Transport: Movement of people or goods from one place to another using vehicles
Geography chapter 2
Ageing population: Population that comprises a growing percentage of elderly people
Birth Rate: Refers to the number of live birth per 1000 people per year
Death Rate: Refers to the number of deaths per 1000 people per year
Financial Planning: Refers to early planning to ensure people have sufficient resources to meet their live goals
High rate of population growth: Rapid increase in population
Low rate of population growth: Slow increase in population
Population Density: Number of people living per unit area of land
Population Distribution: Spread of people over a unit area of land
Population Growth: Refers to the change in population size. It can be positive or negative. In instances where there is no change in population, the population growth is said to be zero
Geography chapter 3
Settlements: Place where people live and carry out activities such as farming, trading and manufacturing
The Essay on Population Density, Distribution And Growth In Jamaica
Population is the total number of persons inhabiting a country, city, or any district or area. There are different types of population. Population distribution is defined as the arrangement or spread of people living in a given area and population density is the number of people living per unit of an area. In Jamaica in some parishes population density is high and low for example in the parish of ...
Rural Settlement: Settlement where majority of the people are involve in activities such as farming, fishing and mining. Population size is often small and population density is low
Urban Settlement: A city or town where the majority of the people are involve in activities such as manufacturing and business. Population size is often large and population density high.
Settlement pattern: Arrangement of buildings in a settlement. There are three types of settlement patters→Dispersed, linear and nucleated.
Dispersed settlement are made up of individual buildings scattered over wide area.
Linear settlements are located along main transport routes such as roads, railways, rivers and canals.
Nucleated settlements are made up of buildings clustered together in an area.
Geography chapter 5
Accesbility: Refers to how easy it is to get to a place
Connectivity: Refers to how easy it is for people to maintain contact with one another through transport and communication
Entrepreneurship: Refers to the quality of taking risks and initiative to develop new business
Globalization: Refers to the increasing interconnections between people, information and business of different countries
Shrinking world: Resulted as developments in transport and communications have enabled people to travel between places and communicate with one another more easily and quickly
Technological Advancement: Refers to the use of science and technology to improve the current ways of doing things.
Transport Hubs: Countries or cities with a variety of well connected mode of transport.
Transport and Communication Hub: Central place where people, goods or information come together and are then transferred to another place
Information Communications Technology: Involves the use of computer and softwares to manage and process information.
Mass Media: Refers to the means of communications that reaches the masses, that is, the majority of the people in a country throughout a world.
Print Media: Type of communication that presents information in a printed format, such as newspaper and magazines
The Essay on Land Aboriginal Aboriginals People
The 1960 s meant change for a lot of oppressed people, including the Australian aboriginals. A strong influence for this change came from the USA, but the change was only seen on the surface, as the USA wanted the rest of the world to believe The Ku Klux Klan still continued to direct violence against black Americans, particularly in the southern states. But in 1954 the US Supreme court ruled ...
Telecommunications: Type of communication that sends signals and messages over long distances using electronic equipment, such as radio, television, telephone and the Internet
Video-conferencing: System that enables people in various places around the world to see and hear each other on a screen
Geography chapter 6
Environmental Conservation: Careful use of Earth’s resources to ensure that there is enough natural resources left for future use, and that damage to the environment is kept to the minimum
Global scale: Environmental impact that affects the whole world
Regional Scale: Environmental impact that affect a few countries located in the same part of the world
Local Scale: Environmental impact that affect only the area where it occurred
Global Warming: Increase in air temperatures throughout the world
Ozone Depletion: Gradual destruction of the ozone layer caused mainly by the release of chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere
Pollution: Introduction of substances into the environment such that it results in unpleasant or damaging effects to the environment
Industrialization: Refers to the growth of large-scale production of goods through the use of machines and the setting up of factories
Geography chapter 7
Arable land: Land that is suitable for the growing of crops
Deforestation: Clearing of forests
Derelict Land: Refers to land that is badly damaged and cannot be used effectively
Empoldering: Method of creating land from the sea through the use of polders
Irrigation: Watering of crops through artificial means
Land clearance: Process whereby empty plots of lands are crated for various land-uses
Land constraint: Refers to a limit to the amount of land that can be developed for various uses
Landfill: Means of creating land by draining waterlogged areas such as swamps and marshes, and filling them with material like sand to form dry land
Land reclamation: Creation of dry land from an area covered by water. The term also refers to the process of recovering land that is damaged and abandoned and making it usable again.
Landuse planning: Process by which different areas on a piece of land are assigned for different landuses
Natural Heritage: Refers to the unique elements of nature found in an area
The Essay on Water Surface Rock Process
ENVIORMENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW SHEET 1) Mutation- a random change in one or more genes of organisms. Mutations may occur spontaneously in nature, but exposure radiation and / or other chemicals vastly increase their number and degree. 2) Natural selection- the process whereby the natural factors of environmental resistance tend to eliminate those members of the population that are least well adapted ...
Nature Reserve: Area where land is carefully managed to protect its wildlife, plants and other natural features and to provide special opportunities for study or research
Opportunity cost: Cost of not being able to use a piece of land for its next best use.
Price mechanism: The way in which prices of goods and services are set based on their demand and supply
Scarcity: Means having a shortage of something. E.g., scarcity of land means shortage of land
Soil-less farming: Method of growing crops without the use of soil
Terracing: Method of creating flat strips of land by cutting a series of steps into hill slopes
Polder: Piece of land in a low-lying area reclaimed from a body of water by building dikes and drainage canals
Geography chapter 8
Catchment Area: Refers to area which rain falls and is collected. This area maybe a forest surrounding a reservoir.
Desalination: The process of converting sea water into fresh water by removing salt from the sea water
Conservation: Refers to the careful use of resources to ensure that wastage is kept to the minimum
International Agreement: Arrangement between two or more countries regarding the supply and use of water resources over a specific period of time
Recycled Water/Water Reclamation: Produced when impurities are removed from waste water through a treatment process
Technology: Refers to knowledge, skills and tools that people use to meet their needs
Water Constraint: Occurs when there is a shortage of water to meet the needs of people
Vulnerability: Being in a weak or unfavorable position
Distillation: Is the process of water filtration used in desalination where water is boiled and the water vapour is collected and condensed into fresh water
Microfiltration: Process of filtering water to remove larger sized particles and bacteria from the water
Reverse Osmosis: Process of forcing water through a special membrane to remove very small particles, such as bacteria and dissolved salts, from water
Geography chapter 9
Pollution: Introduction of substances into the atmosphere such that it results in unpleasant or damaging effects on people, animals, plants and buildings
The Essay on Water Pollution People Government Waste
Water Pollution Water pollution has affected many people and animals. Water pollution is the disposal of garbage into a water stream. Some of the water pollution is from littering, some water pollution is done by chemical leaks, and others by ships. Also, There is much information about water pollution. I am going to take that education on water pollution a step farther; and explain how water ...
Waste: Materials that are useless and no longer wanted
Land pollution: Occurs when waste is not disposed off properly on land, or when chemicals are used excessively on farms
Water pollution: Occurs during oil spills or when sewage is improperly disposed into water bodies such as rivers, lakes and seas
Pollutants: Harmful substances that damage the environment
