Introduction
Achieving sustainable development is not an easy task. Significant changes will be needed in decision making at the highest levels, and behavior by producers and consumers to reach for development that meets the needs of today without sacrificing the needs of future generations.
Ten years ago, the “Earth Summit” in Rio de Janeiro and Agenda 21 have contributed to the issuing of sustainable development.
Commitments alone proved insufficient for this task. As there were fully integrated economic, social and environmental
There was a break with the unsustainable practices, which led to the current predicament.
We live on one planet, connected to environmental, social and economic and cultural relations through the Internet to generate a form of our lives. If we are to achieve sustainable development will need to show greater responsibility for the ecosystems upon which all life, because a single human community and for our generations to come, living tomorrow with the consequences of decisions taken today.
Johannesburg Summit 2002 is an opportunity to rejuvenate trying to build a better future sustainable development. Summit must bring the world together, and global partnerships and to start implementation of Agenda 21.
Must send the message that sustainable development is not only a necessity but also an exceptional opportunity to put our economies and societies on a more sustainable footing.
The Research paper on Wed And Sustainable Development
At the present rate of development, according to many scientists, the world will reach critical mass sometime within the next fifty years. With these doomsday predictions, many development models have come under scrutiny for their shortsightedness and lack of environmental concerns. Over the past thirty years, those affected most, or more appropriately, those who are being forced to bear the brunt ...
United Nations look forward to working closely with all concerned leaders, governments, NGOs and civil society groups worldwide in Johannesburg and beyond to implement a new ethics of global conservation .
1. The Conference in Johannesburg (Hoteles* Summit for Sustainable Development) *
World Summit on Sustainable Development, or Earth Summit 2002 held in Johannesburg, South Africa from 26 August to 4 September 2002. It was convened to talk about sustainable development by the United Nations. World Summit on Sustainable Development has gathered a number of business leaders and NGOs, 10 years after the first Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
Sustainable development encompasses many challenges. How can we improve people’s lives and conserving our natural resources in a world that is growing population, increasing demands for food, water, shelter, sanitation, energy, healthcare and economic security.
Need to review production and consumption patterns, healthy growth, and work together to greatly expand cross-border cooperation to share expertise, technology and resources.
These changes can, and should take place on our planet and its people prosper. Inclusion is the hallmark of Agenda 21, global action plan for sustainable development agreed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Sustainable Development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
All sectors of society have a role to play in making this vision a reality. Women, children and youth, indigenous people, NGOs, local authorities, trade unions, business and industry, scientific and technological community and farmers are recognized in Agenda 21, whose involvement is essential for successful sustainable development. For this reason, global gathering of governments at the summit will also involve, meeting business leaders, NGOs and other representatives.
Summit in Johannesburg in 2002 will focus on these action plans. Summit.ul assess obstacles to progress and results of the 1992 Earth Summit. Summit presents an opportunity to build on knowledge gained over the last decade, and provides new impetus for commitments of resources and actions for global sustainability.
1.1. What is the development of sustainable?
Sustainable development calls for improved quality of life in the world without increasing the use of our natural resources beyond the capacity of the earth. While sustainable development may require different actions in every region of the world, efforts to build a truly sustainable way of life requires the integration of action in three key areas.
The Essay on Globalization & Sustainable Development
... Earth Summit, a soft law (i.e. nonbinding agreement) was introduced under Agenda 21 calling for global sustainable development (Chasek ... that promotes economic, social, and environmental welling – sustainable development. Following World War II, numerous barriers to liberalized trade ... market will ensure that people will not deplete resources as long as technological progression and alternatives are ...
Economic and Equity-linked Today, global economic systems requires an integrated approach to foster responsible long-term growth while ensuring that no nation or community is left behind.
Natural resources and environmental conservation. To preserve our heritage and natural resources for future generations of economically. Solutions must be developed to reduce resource consumption, stop pollution and preserving natural habitats.
Social development in the world, people need jobs, food, education, energy, healthcare, water and sanitation. While addressing these needs, the global community must ensure also workers’ rights are respected, and that all members of society are empowered to play a role in determining their future.
Some of the most important challenges facing the world today include:
• Eradicating poverty, particularly in rural communities where most people live poor;
• Improve the capacity of all countries, especially developing countries to
the challenges of globalization, including greater capacity building and environmental technology transfer and financing;
• Promote responsible consumption and production patterns to reduce waste and over-dependence on natural resources;
• Ensuring that all people have access to energy sources needed to improve
their lives;
• Reducing health problems related to the fact that for many diseases in today’s world to find cure;
• Improving access to clean water;
*2. Objectives
*2.1. Eradicating poverty
Eradicating poverty is the greatest global challenge facing the world today and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development, particularly for developing countries. Although each country has primary responsibility for its own sustainable development and poverty eradication and the role of national policies and strategies and concrete measures are needed at all levels to enable developing countries to achieve sustainable development objectives in relation to internationally agreed poverty related objectives and goals including those contained in Agenda 21.
The Essay on Has the development of Human Resource Management practices replaced the need for trade unions
According to Phelan (2007, pp. 45-47), trade unions were the most powerful organizations after the industrial revolution. During the 19th and 20th century, management was largely mechanistic and the position of workers was not felt unless the force of the numbers was employed. As a result, the membership to the trade unions increased steadily to 1979 after which a sharp decline is evident. During ...
This would include actions at all levels to:
• to halve, by 2015, the number of people in the world, whose income is less than $ 1 per day and the number of people who suffer from hunger and no access to safe drinking water;
• to establish a world solidarity fund to eradicate poverty and promote under social and human development in developing countries with arrangements to be established by the General Assembly;
• developing national programs for sustainable development and local community development, these programs should reflect their priorities and enable them to increase access to productive resources, public services and institutions, especially land, water, employment opportunities, credit , education and health;
• to promote equal access and full participation of women on the basis of equality with men, decision making at all levels, integrating gender perspective into all policies and strategies, eliminating all forms of violence and discrimination against women;
• to provide basic medical services for all and reduce environmental health threats, taking into account the special needs of children and the linkages between poverty, health and environment, the provision of financial resources, technical assistance and knowledge transfer to countries developing countries and countries with economies in transition;
• ensure that children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary school and will have equal access to all levels of education;
• to provide access to agricultural resources for people living in poverty, especially women and indigenous communities;
• construction of basic rural infrastructure, diversifying the economy and improve transportation routes and access to markets, credit and market information for those from rural areas to support sustainable agriculture and rural development;
• Increase food availability and accessibility, including through harvest and food technology and management, and equitable and efficient distribution systems, by promoting, for example, community-based partnerships linking urban and rural people and enterprises;
The Essay on Relevance of the Abundance of Natural Resources in U.S. Compared to Countries without Natural Resources
Historians traditionally considered abundance of natural resources as the direct cause of industrial revolution and economic success in the U.S. However, the bright example of Japan suggests that the presence or absence of natural resources is not the determining factor driving economic stability and prosperity among industrial states. In reality, American economic successes stretch far beyond the ...
• combating desertification and mitigating the effects of drought and floods through measures such as better use of climate and weather information and forecasts, early warning systems;
2.2. Changing unsustainable patterns of consumption and production
Fundamental changes in the way societies produce and consume are indispensable for achieving global sustainable development. All countries should promote sustainable consumption.
Encourage and promote programs to support regional and national initiatives to accelerate the shift towards sustainable consumption and production to promote social and economic development within the carrying capacity of ecosystems by addressing and, where appropriate, economic growth, improving efficiency and sustainability in resource use and production processes and reducing resource degradation, pollution and waste.
Increase investment in cleaner production and eco-efficiency in all countries through incentives and support schemes and policies directed at establishing a regulatory framework, adequate financial and legal.
2.3. Protecting and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development
Human activities have an increasing impact on the integrity of ecosystems that provide essential resources and services for human wellbeing and economic activities. Basic natural resources in a sustainable and integrated manner is essential for sustainable development.
Launching a program of actions, with financial and technical assistance to achieve the Millennium Development Goals on safe drinking water. In this respect, we agree to halve, by 2015, the number of people who are unable to reach or afford safe drinking water, as outlined in the Millennium Declaration and the number people without access to basic sanitation.
The Essay on Obstacles Toward Development Developed Countries
Obstacles Toward Development In this every day changing world, many of us are living in a comfortable home, have enough food to eat, well clothed, healthy, and financially independent. All these are provided to us because we are living in a well-developed country. Others in the third world nation are not so lucky. They may have no shelter, limited food supply, and unemployed. This is because their ...
To achieve sustainable fisheries, the following actions are required at all levels:
• Maintain or restore stocks to levels that allow maximum sustainable yield;
• implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries;
• elimination of subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing;
• supporting and sustainable development of aquaculture, including small-scale aquaculture, given its growing importance for food security and economic development.
Earth climate change and its adverse effects are a common concern of humankind. We remain deeply concerned that all countries, especially developing countries, including least developed countries and small island states in the developing face high risks of adverse effects of climate change and recognize that this context, the problems of poverty, land degradation, access to water and food and human health remain in the spotlight worldwide. Framework Convention on Change27 UN climate is key tool for tackling climate change, a global concern, and we reaffirm our commitment to achieve the ultimate objective of stabilizing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a level prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system, within a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change.
Agriculture plays a crucial role in addressing the needs of a growing global population and is inextricably linked to poverty eradication, especially in developing countries. Empower women at all levels and in all aspects of rural development, agriculture, nutrition and food security is imperative. Sustainable agriculture and rural development are essential for implementing an integrated approach to increasing food production and increase food security and food safety in an environmentally sustainable.
2.4. Sustainable development in a globalizing world
Globalization offers opportunities and challenges for sustainable development. We recognize that globalization and interdependence gives new opportunities for trade, investment and capital flows and advances in technology, including information technology for global economic growth, development and improvement of living standards around the world. Meanwhile, there remain serious problems, including serious financial crises, insecurity, poverty, exclusion and inequality within and between societies. Developing countries and countries with economies in transition face special difficulties in responding to these challenges and opportunities.
The Essay on What Stops Less Developed Countries from Developing
In this project I will be investigating and explaining what stops the less developed countries from developing, so I will be looking for the following different factors; •Colonisation of Bolivia and Dubai. •Problems in the countries. •Bolivia and Dubai how are they trying to develop. •What is stopping them from developing? Also I’m going to try and make a conclusion to make this much easier to ...
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development states that human beings are at the heart of sustainable development, and that they are entitled to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature.
Strengthen capacity of health care systems to provide basic medical services for all in an efficient, accessible and affordable prevention, control and treat diseases, and reduce environmental health threats, according to human rights.
Implement the agreed time period, all commitments agreed in the Declaration of Commitment on HIV’s General Assembly adopted the twenty-sixth special session, emphasizing in particular the reduction of HIV prevalence among young men and women aged 15-24 by 25 percent in the most affected countries by 2005 and globally by 2010, and to combat malaria, tuberculosis and other diseases.
Reduce respiratory diseases and other health effects from air pollution.
*2.6. Sustainable development of small island* States in developing
SIDS in developing states are a special case both for environment and development. Although they continue to take the lead in the path of sustainable development in their countries, they are increasingly constrained by the interaction of negative factors clearly underlined in Agenda 21. Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Islands Developing and decisions adopted by the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly. This would include actions at all levels to:
• managing and implementing sustainable fisheries and improve financial returns from fisheries by supporting and strengthening regional fisheries management organizations;
• to assist SIDS in developing countries, including the development of specific initiatives, in delimiting and managing in a sustainable manner coastal and exclusive economic zones and continental shelf;
• freshwater programs for small island states in the developing world;
• prevent and control waste and pollution and their health-related impacts by undertaking initiatives aimed at implementing the Global Programme of Action for Marine Environment from land
• development of sustainable tourism-based initiatives and build capacity to diversify tourism products, while protecting culture and traditions and effectively conserving and managing natural resources;
3. The success of sustainable development
Long-term success of sustainable development will depend on new approaches to both public and private. In addition to the important role played by governments, NGOs active management, business and other major groups is essential for sustainable development transformation from vision to reality. A number of successful sustainable development programs and projects were established by community organizations and businesses, often working in partnership with each other and with local governments and national.
Summit in Johannesburg include the voices, experiences and perspectives of a wide range of stakeholders dedicated to sustainable development. Summit delegates representing a wide range of constituencies, including major groups identified in Agenda 21:
• Business and Industry for children and youth
• farmers
• indigenous people
• Local authorities
• NGOs
• scientific and technological
• communities of women
• Workers and trade unions
CONCLUSIONS
Of the Conference in Johannesburg that the most important challenges facing the world today include:
• Eradicating poverty, particularly in rural communities where most people live poor;
• Improve the capacity of all countries, especially developing countries to
the challenges of globalization, including greater capacity building and technology transfer funding and ecological
• Promote responsible consumption and production patterns to reduce waste and over-dependence on natural resources;
• Ensuring that all people have access to energy sources needed to improve
their lives;
• Reducing health problems related to the fact that for many diseases in today’s world to find cure;
• Improving access to clean water;
References
www.earthsummit2002.org
www.johannesburgsummit.org
www.un.org
