Security issue in the Asia-Pacific region
I choose the security issue in the Asia-Pacific region as my study topic because the activity of cultural communication and politics has great effects in secure problem. America, China and Japan own respective national identity, cultural ideology and attitude toward the Asia-Pacific region and all of them are one of the largest economical powerful countries. Especially, America, as the largest economical powerful country, concern seriously about the economic development of Asia-Pacific region. Meanwhile, there are a few of cultural politics such as military, different ideology and different cultural background, influence the safety of economic development. Therefore, cultural politics is a good term, which makes some explanations such as Marxism around the conflict issues between China, Japan and America well.
There are two main social ideology existed in the world. One is China represents the largest communism countries, and another is America represents the biggest capitalism countries. Following many years, these two ideologies result in many panics around the world. For example, during the Cold War, the Berlin Wall divided the world into two different ideologies countries. However, the Soviet Union policy has disassembled, but the threat between capitalists and proletarians still exist as a special phenomenon in the world. The source of threat is based on Marxism’s The Communist Manifesto (1997, Christopher Pierson edited).
Exchanging Cultural Products in Asia-Pacific region essay
... soap-operas and songs in foreign countries has been dramatically increased over the few years in Asia-Pacific region, the entertainment industry, the suppliers ... culture, and language; unlike European countries which are from similar cultural background, Asia is composed of countries of different languages, ideologies, and cultures, and even ...
It is said that The Communism, as a spectre, is haunting capitalism in the Europe. Following The Communist Manifesto, it mentions that the rising bourgeoisie in the period of the feudal system of industry. In order to protect private property, they do not hesitate to have a revolution of the feudal system in exchange for a new policy because the feudal monarch becomes the barrier of the development of the bourgeoisie. Following the Marxist theory, the bourgeoisie in every country plays an important role in production and consumption to exploit the market. Namely, the proletariat becomes usually the victims of the exploitation of capitalists. Thus, the revolution from the proletariat happened in history, which refers to the proletariat fights with the bourgeoisie. Considered here, Marxism claims the proletariat is not willing to be dominated by the bourgeoisie. In detail, they hate the greedy, ruthless domination from the upper class such as the bourgeoisie and feudal monarch. Also, Karl Marx claims, at the end of The Communist Manifesto, ‘the proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win.’ Therefore, Karl Marx’s words cause panics between the Communism countries and the Capitalism countries.
Focusing on the logic, the U.S. labeled capitalism country is not willing to see China labeled communism country, who dominates parts of global market. Especially, China becomes stronger than before. Japan, labeled capitalism country, worries seriously about China Threat Theory, in relation to The Communist Manifesto, happened. In term of the New York Times (2013), it reported that ‘The United States and Japan commonly organize a strongly military to surveillance China and North Korea and prevent their territory from China and North Korea’s aggression and vice versa.’ The phenomenon seems like the beginning of the Cold War such as the period of the U.S verse The Soviet Union.
The Essay on Third World Countries
World' Countries today? Who should be held responsible for these problems? Why? What has Canada done to help 'Third World Countries'? There has always been a dominant country in the world that sets the economic standard throughout powerful countries. Canada has always been a top rated economic country, usually behind the United States and other large Commonwealth countries. Starting back in the ...
Besides the social system makes the conflict between China and the U.S, there are still some reasons to put China into controversial position, which refers to China threat theories. First, the territorial issues in Diaoyu islands cause more panics between China and Japan. Second, the cultural industries are always influencing mass media and sharp the public value to defense outsides tension and stress. Third, it is the Third Plenum of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China that highlights to develop economy rather than violence and aggression to fight the world. Also, Althusser said Marxism is kind of false consciousness. In other words, both the bourgeoisie and the proletarian are parts of economic structure and construct social hierarchy together. Therefore, the third point completely opposite the first and the second points. The third point refers to enhance the security in the Asia-Pacific region. The second and the first points refer to threat the security in the Asia-Pacific region.
In recent years, Diaoyu islands —- called Senkaku in Japan, in the East China Sea has had a significant American attention in Asian’s economical and secure problems. Diaoyu islands’ problem cause more tension and dangerous relationship between China and Japan. Meanwhile, America is also involved with the Diaoyu islands problem. Such Diaoyu islands problem can result in so many panics among America, China and Japan. There are some very important factors around the China effect power, which refer to influence the significant relationship between war and peace around the world such as the Second War World left problem in Okinawa problem, territorial issues, two different social ideologies like capitalism and communism, and cultural industry sharping mass media’s value.
First of all, although the Second World War has passed for a couple of years, it is still influencing the transition and security issues of the World. For example, in term of China Daily (2012), ‘following its defeat in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95, the Qing government was forced to cede Taiwan including the affiliated islands of Diaoyu to Japan under the Shimonoseki Treaty.’ Although Taiwan does not belong to Japan now, Diaoyu islands is always becoming important territorial issues between China and Japan. After Second World War, the New York Time (2010) reported, ‘secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, embarking on her first diplomatic trip of 2010, will try to ease tensions with Japan, America’s most important Asian ally, over a stalled agreement to relocate a Marine base on the island of Okinawa’. As Okinawa islands are near the Diaoyu islands, Japan wants to capture the Diaoyu islands again. In addition, Diaoyu islands problem are not just a simple territorial and historical issues. It includes a chain of Chinese sovereignty, substance and topographies’ problem. Furthermore, As Paul Virilio (1990) insists, territorial sovereignty has lost almost all substance and a good deal of its former attraction’.
The Term Paper on China And Japan
Please do all five questions. All questions are equally weighted. 1. In “The Great Divergence”, Ken Pomeranz discusses the “shared” constraints約束; 限制of Europe and the highly developed core areas of China and Japan in the mid-18th century. * development trajectory in (recent) world history, the industrial revolution. * Before about 1800, growth did occur, but it was mainly “extensive”, leading to ...
If China were lost Diaoyu islands, not only would China lose all substance in the Diaoyu Islands but it would bring more threat toward Chinese territorial sovereignty so that the international status will be lower than before. On the contrary, Japan will gain more sources from Diao islands. However, no matter what Chinese historian and government have more reasons to claim Diaoyu islands belonging to China, Japan will use the same reasons to defense the arguments. As a matter of fact, Diaoyu islands belong to China in Ming dynasty, and Japan own Diaoyu islands in the Second World War. Although the two countries have some historical solution about the Diaoyu islands issues, the two powerful national identities make the cultural politics issue not to be solved. Therefore, the nervous relationship between Japan and China threats the security of Asian-pacifics.
The hatred, between China and Japan, is a very sensible word to every Chinese and Japanese now. During the Second World War, Japanese armies killed numerous Chinese in China lands. Meanwhile, Japan paid a heavy price in invading China. In academic point, Foucauldian genealogy strongly explains the hatred phenomenon. ‘Foucauldian genealogy usage in cultural studies examines power and the historical continuities and discontinuities of discourses as they are brought into play under specific and irreducible historical conditions.’ Namely, the hatred, between China and Japan, is based on the historical issues. However, there is a very dangerous point. The hatred of the last-generation problem has been passed to the new generation Chinese by education and the cultural industries. Thus, the hatred becomes a common sense around China and Japan. As David Harvey (2005) said, ‘Common sense is constructed out of long standing practices of cultural socialization often rooted deep in regional or national traditions.’ The word is a great sense of explaining why most Chinese hate and disgust Japanese and vice versa, which seriously influence the safe problem in relation to the Diaoyu islands issues. Therefore, the hatred of conflict, between China and Japan, is the tough problem.
The Essay on Western World China Chinese Country
China is the perfect example of what happens when one leader is given to much power. The leaders of China were each very afraid of social reform, and the consequences that outside influence may have on their customs. As a means of initiating reform, they shut the entire Western world out almost completely. At the time it was a move that served China well but in the long run it was the downfall of ...
Second, according to the Fankfurt School pessimistic analysis (1988), ‘it holds to an overly monolithic view of the culture industries and denies the effectivity of popular cultural politics.’ In term of Chris Barker (1988) books, said, ‘A variant of the high-low cultural boundary is that which decries commodity-based culture as inauthentic, manipulative and unsatisfying.’ Some countries are likely to control the national cultural industries to incite native publics’ emotion for gaining political ambition. For example, a fake newspaper from one of the China net, which is Chinese Internet serving for Chinese Citizen, extremely reports that Chinese satellites can launch in America land. Also, a few of the ridiculous news on the newspaper come into notice of Chinese netizens. The fake newspaper seems like reflecting China owns America and some Chinese just have a fun to read the newspaper. However, if the newspaper were appeared in America, the newspaper would result in panics and discontented to American public. Similarly, there is a response of liability question from American talk show. For example, The Telegraph (2013) reports, ‘Jimmy Kimmel’s talk show for airing a suggestion by a six-year-old that the US “kill everyone in China” as a way of solving its debt crisis.’ A kid’s word causes more panics than Chinese newspaper.
Obviously, the talk show suffers rebuke from Chinese government. Chinese government points out, that it is the responsibility for American social media’s censorship to forbid the spread of racism and hatred. Thus, the New York Time filters out the news to prevent the racism and hatred from the spreading in mass media. Focusing on the debt problem, 1.3 trillion dollars is numerous moneys so that it is impossible for America to repay money to China at one time. Just like sons and parents, sons’ bodies are from parents and never ever return the bodies to their parents but sons have a duty to make sure their parents safe and normal life. If China forcibly takes the bills from America by any violent format, not only does American hate China, but ethical Chinese with American nationalities also hate China. Some countries like Japan and the U.S can rely on the cultural industries to sharp the publics’ values against China and vice versa. Therefore, the cultural industry is the factor to threat the security of the Asian-Pacific region.
The Essay on How China became Chinese
Jared’s Diamond’s “Guns, Germ and Steel” is an historical narrative that focuses on alternate explanations to the rise and fall of civilizations and the development of cultures and societies by tracing evolutions and nuances in world and human history dating as far back as 13,000 years ago to the present. It is an historical treatise that moves away from a largely Eurocentric model of the world ...
Third, China wants peaceful development of the economic system rather than plundering economic, like colonial period and Fascism. In the post-modern world, with the globalization influencing, the comprehensive strength of China has been increasing and has become one of the booming economical countries in the world. China, as a booming economical country, has responsibility to take on an important role in the international finance. With the economy increasing, China has to face different challenge and crisis in the international and native social hierarchy problems. The Foucault’s theories have a significant explanation to the role China performed. For example, disciplinary, as Foucault said in a book, called Understanding Foucault (2000), ‘in two main ways which, on the face of it, seem rather different from each other. One is tied to punishment-for instance, the idea of disciplining a disobedient child. The second relates to a body of skills and knowledge.’ When it relates with the peace and war, the peace of development needs a body of skills and knowledge; when it relates with the war, the outbreak of war means the punishment spreading. In other words, the punishment will bring disasters to human beings.
As far as Foucadian’s disciplinary is considered, China, as one of the biggest countries, has to take on a huge responsibility and face challenge to fit to the development of globalization trend and maintain the secure development. For example, on the one hand, China is one of the developing countries owning the largest population in the world. Every year, China devotes itself to create more fortune to ‘maintain an average year-on-year GDP growth of about 8 percent’ (China Daily reported, 2013) in order to share the fortune with the global recession economy, China has reduced the political restriction of going abroad. The rich or intelligent Chinese going abroad can facilitate the economic development of other countries. Also, Chinese history has been warning that China has to go to the world. There is a classic example to explain that the Qing dynasty, which is the last feudal society in China, dies of secluding the country from the outside world. If China were depending on geographical advantages again such as owning abundant resources to become a secluding country, the other countries would be jealous of China and aggress seriously China again. On the other hand, some of Chinese such as students and travers from middle classes, also hate the local lifestyle and want to go abroad to seek and enjoy new life. After all, the developed counties have better service for their citizens than developing countries. Above all, the new China learned the lessons from the negative disciplinary of Chinese history. Thus, the new China has enough ability to solve the international and native hierarchy problem. Specifically, in order to maintain economic prosperity of China, it is the Third Plenum of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China that bravely decides to make the ambitious economic reform. Focusing on economy, The Third Plenum makes a decision to highlight ‘the acceleration of the interest-rate liberalization process’ (China Daily reported, 2013).
The Business plan on Made In China Country Of Origin
In order to provide the Chinese home appliance manufacturers consortium with assistance in achieving their goal of improving the "Made in China" image, our first objective was to accurately define the perception of products that are "Made in China." In particular, to determine whether or not "Made in China" has a negative connotation in the U. S. marketplace and if so, to better understand the ...
Therefore, the report strongly shows that the Chinese party has a big determination to improve China, at the same time, during economic reform, China use the very peaceful ways like economic reform to contribute to the world of economy rather than violence.
The increasing number of military from different countries in the Diaoyu islands has caused negative power to threat the national safety. Foucault argues the relations of power, ‘the knowledge and truth are produced out of power struggles (between different fields, disciplines and institutions) and they are used to authorize and legitimate the workings of power.’ To concern the words, the power from the institutions is to legitimate identity of authority. Further, any institution could produce bio-power effect to people. For example, some people think the institution service for themselves, and they will accept the institution power. On the contrary, some people think the institution damages their thought and behavior and they will defense the institution. For example, in term of the U.S military in relation to the Diaoyu islands, The New York Times (2013) reported, ‘the United States backs Japan’s increasing though still limited moves to strengthen its military, and its military ties in Asia, as a counterbalance to China’s own buildup.’ According to the words, China military has caused panics to the U.S and Japan. The U.S got the truth and knowledge from the China military, which could be serious threat to Asia-Pacific security. In order to rebalance the security problem, the U.S stands in the side of Japan to confront China military. Although China military wins security for China, increasing the numbers of China military threats other national safety. However, in order to solve the U.S anxiety, China military does not attack any surveillance aircrafts and ships, even if other countries surveillance aircrafts and ships surveillance China military. This reflects China military wants to reduce the China Threat Theory as possible. Therefore, China military is always maintaining cautious attitude toward solving the Diaoyu islands and avoid the war happened.
The real panics are not from the conflict of the bourgeoisie and the proletarians but from The Communism Manifesto. Marx said the Communism countries will take the Capitalism countries. As Chris Barker (1988) said, ‘The Marxist concern with the concept of ideology was rooted in the failure of proletarian revolutions to materialize and the inadequacy of historical materialism in relation to questions of subjectivity, meaning and cultural politics.’ Marxism’s comments, for the conflict between the Capitalism and the Communism countries, are lack of significant pre-conditions and his ideology has not passed the history of tests. The Communism Manifesto has the personal perspective of Marx, which Marx really hates the bourgeoisie, which exploit the proletarians’ productive material. It did not represent the real life of the bourgeoisie and the proletarians. Thus, Marxism of the concept of ideology belongs to false consciousness. Also, as Althusser said
‘On the one hand, ideology constitutes the real conditions of people’s lives and is not false. On the other hand, ideology is conceived of as a more elaborate set of meanings which make sense of the world (an ideological discourse) in ways that misrecognize and misrepresent power and class relations. In this sense ideology is false.’
Karl Marx highly evaluates the Capitalism, ‘The bourgeoisie, during its rule of scarce one hundred years, has created more massive and more colossal productive forces than have all preceding generations together.’ Although the bourgeoisie creates great productive, the forces of productive are from proletarians. The contradiction of productive between the bourgeoisie and the proletarians still cannot be solved. However, from the point of allocating property view, the bourgeoisie represents less people’s profit such as social elites, who can gain a large number of property from working class; the proletarians represents mass people’s profit but individuals only gain a few of property from mass proletarians. For the points of individuals, people desire to own more money to use. In real social works, the bourgeoisie could become the proletarians due to lazy works and splurging money. At the same time, the proletarians could become the bourgeoisie because of work hard and intelligence. Thus, whatever capitalism and communism, they have their advantages and disadvantages. In order to improve countries strength, a president should be always concerning about the balance of profits between the bourgeoisie and the proletarians. There are is a classic example that China, labeled Communism country, owns Hong Kong, labeled Capitalism country. Therefore, the bourgeoisie and the proletarians can co-exist in the world. Capitalism countries will have a better cooperation with Communism countries.
In conclusion, as far as Marxism is considered, the panics between the bourgeoisie and the proletarians are from the false conscious, The Communism Manifesto. In real life, most of working class does not have serious contradiction with the upper class such as the bourgeoisie. In addition, China military, unlike Fascism, wants to maintain security of Asian-Pacific region. Furthermore, the Third Plenum of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China gives global countries a commitment, which refers to build a common and wonderful Asian homeland. People can have delicious food in China. Therefore, China Threat Theory is false consciousness, and it cannot represent the real Chinese community.
