Problem: When a large fan is blowing air against the fan car at three different speeds (high, medium, and low), then will the overall speed be lowered?
Materials:
· Fan car (K’NEX pieces, small, battery-powered fan, wheels with tires)
· AA batteries
· Large 3-speed fan
· Timer
· Masking tape
Process:
1. Load two AA batteries into the fan that is attached to the K’NEX car.
2. Mark a starting line and a finish line two meters away from each other with small pieces of masking tape.
3. Plug in the large fan and place it approximately 5 centimeters away from the finish line.
4. Place the fan car on the starting line with the small fan facing opposite the large fan.
5. For the first test, test the amount of resistance when the large fan is off.
6. Turn the small fan on and time how long it takes for it to reach the finish line with the timer.
7. Repeat this test for three trails and record times and observations.
8. For the second test, put the large fan on a low setting and time the fan car’s progress.
9. Repeat this test for three trails and record observations and results.
10. On the third test, switch the large fan to the medium setting and time.
11. Repeat the test three more times and record observations and times.
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12. For the last test, turn the fan on the highest setting and time the fan car.
13. Record observations and organize all trails and times into a table and find the average time of each trail.
Observations:
In this particular lab there weren’t many things that I observed, though I will state the small amount that I did. I saw that there was a slight incline on the surface that we were testing the car on. I also observed that the wheel alignment kept making the car veer off to the right. When the small and large fans were on I could hear their engines going. And when I turned the small fan off I found that it was very warm in my hands.
Hypothesis:
If the fan car goes up against the wind provided by the large fan, then the car will go slower with increasing resistance, because there is more opposition between the two with every increase of speed.
Data/Results:
I organized my times, trails, and averages into a table and a graph to present my information.
Results Chart
Setting Trail 1 Trail 2 Trail 3 Average Time Distance Speed
None 2:86s 3:34s 2:98s 3:06 2 meters .65 m/s
Low 4:57s 3:81s 3:59s 3:99 2 meters .49 m/s
Medium 3:92s 4:52s 4:03s 4:15 2 meters .48 m/s
High 5:30s 6:05s 5:96s 5:77 2 meters .34 m/s
Distance/Time Graph
Conclusion:
In this lab I timed a fan car at three different speeds to test how air resistance might affect the outcome. I hypothesized that if the fan car goes up against the wind provided by the large fan, then the car will go slower with increasing resistance, because there is more opposition between the two with every increase of speed. Because all of the evidence proves that I’m right, I accept my hypothesis.
My hypothesis is correct because all of the records point to it. After reviewing my data I found that the overall speed of the car was lowered with every increase in resistance from the large fan. Also, the average times get higher as you increase the speed of the large fan. My hypothesis stated that the car would go slower with increasing resistance. The speed did decrease so that’s why my hypothesis is correct.
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Some experimental errors that may have affected my data are: the flatness of the surface, the alignment of the wheels, and the position of the fan on top of the car. The flatness of the surface proved to be a crucial experimental error that had to be dealt with. The surface we were testing on had a slight hill in it, which we did not notice until the fan car kept slowing down at the same area every time. When we did finally notice it we moved to a more level surface. The wheel alignment, a very annoying and time-consuming error to fix, was important because if it were off then the car would turn. During the lab we noticed that at the start of a trail the car would veer off to the left, so I checked the wheel. It wasn’t centered on its axis so it made the car turn it the direction that it was more towards. After centering and tightening it the car worked fine until the alignment was knocked off again, in which case I would tighten it again. The last error, position of the small fan on the car, was not all that important but could still directly affect my data all the same. The fan was attached to the car via a rubber band, so it kept turning and twisting on top of the car. Somehow this caused the car to slow down. Tightening the rubber band solved this problem.
I would change a few things in the future to reduce experimental errors. First, I would find a surface free of any type of hill or high resistance so that the car would not slow down. Also I would make it so that the alignment of the wheel wouldn’t mess up so frequently.
To close this up, I accepted my hypothesis because the fan car did go slower with increasing resistance, so my hypothesis was correct. Some major experimental errors I made were the wheel alignment and the hill on the surface. In the future I would try to perfect the wheels and choose a surface that had no hills.
