It is rod-shaped, with the ability to form a tough, protective, shield around itself. It can tolerate extreme environmental conditions, and is an obligate aerob. The antibiotic that B. subtilis is resistant to is Tetracycline. When a bacteria is resistant to an antibiotic, it means that the antibiotic will have no effect in treating the bacteria. For example, E. coli is resistant to Penicillin, which means that if you were to try and treat E. coli with Penicillin, the treatment would fail and the E. coli bacteria would continue to grow. But, if you were to treat E. coli with Tetracycline, the antibiotic it is NOT resistant to, the E. oli would not be able to put up a fight, and would stop its growth. HA- If we add E. coli and B. subtilis to agar, and add Penicillin and Tetracycline to the agar, then the E. coli will grow more around the Penicillin and the B. subtilis will grow more around the Tetracycline, because E. coli is resistant to Penicillin and B. subtilis is resistant to Tetracycline. HO- If we add E. coli and B. subtilis to agar, and add Penicillin and Tetracycline to the agar, then the E. coli will grow more around the Tetracycline and the B. subtilis will grow more around the Penicillin, because E.
coli is resistant to Tetracycline and B. ubtilis is resistant to Penicillin. MATERIALS (PER PAIR OF STUDENTS) • 2 agar plates with nutrient sugar • 2 disks of Penicillin • 2 disks of Tetracycline • 1 glass marking pencil • 2 sterile swabs • 2 pairs of forceps • 1 roll of masking tape • 1 metric ruler MATERIALS (TEACHER STOCK) • Incubator • Culture of harmless strain of E. coli • Culture of harmless strain of B. subtilis • Spray bottles with bleach • Biohazard bag PROCEDURE PART A: SETTING UP THE EXPERIMENT 1) Put on goggles and plastic gloves. 2) Obtain two agar plates. 3) Using a sharpie, write your last name and bacteria type to label the petri dish lid. ) Use the marking pencil to divide the bottom of each plate into thirds. In two of the sections, write an abbreviation for the antibiotic (P for Penicillin and T for Tetracycline) you will use. Label the third section as control (C for control).
The Review on Antimicrobial Suscepibility Pattern Of Escherichia Coli
The leaves of Chromolaena odarata (commonly called siam weed) which is an ancient remedy for the treatment of wounds and many ailments was tested for its antimicrobial activities on staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at different concentrations. The agar pour plate method was used to test for its antimicrobial activity on the test isolate, the extracts of Chromolaena odorata was introduced ...
5) Obtain the first bacterial culture from your teacher. 6) Transfer the culture to the agar plate based on your teacher’s directions using an incubator loop. 7) Repeat step 6 with the second bacterial culture and your second agar plate. 8) Open the lid of the agar plate in a “clam shell” method. 9) Using forceps, place the first antibiotic disk on the agar in the appropriate sections of the plates.
Press the disks flat so that they stick to the surface of the agar. Don’t move the disks once they’re in place. CAUTION: Do not touch the disk or the agar with your hands. 10) Use new forceps to place the second antibiotic disks on the agar plates in the proper sections. Don’t move the disk once it is in place. 11) Turn the plates upside down and incubate the culture overnight at 37 degrees Celsius, or for 2-3 days at room temperature. PART B: OBSERVING THE PLATES 1) Examine each plate. Look in particular at the areas immediately around the three disks. CAUTION: Do not uncover the plates. ) Measure the diameter of any clear zones around the three disks. A clear zone is a zone without any noticeable bacteria. 3) Record your data in your data table. 4) Follow teacher’s instructions for disposal of the cultures. CONCLUSION I neither support, nor do I reject, both of my hypotheses (HA- If we add E. coli and B. subtilis to agar, and add Penicillin and Tetracycline to the agar, then the E. coli will grow more around the Penicillin and the B. subtilis will grow more around the Tetracycline, because E. coli is resistant to Penicillin and B. subtilis is resistant to Tetracycline. HO- If we add E. oli and B. subtilis to agar, and add Penicillin and Tetracycline to the agar, then the E. coli will grow more around the Tetracycline and the B. subtilis will grow more around the Penicillin, because E. coli is resistant to Tetracycline and B. subtilis is resistant to Penicillin), simply because the lab was not successful. The agar that we used had no nutrients in it, so the bacteria did not grow around the Penicillin and Tetracycline, so we could not accurately complete the lab. However, based on the data from the previous year’s lab, this is the data that we should have gotten: DATA TABLE
The Essay on Antibiotic Resistance Resistant Bacteria
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria: "The more times you use a drug, the more it will decrease the effect it has on you." For about 50 years, antibiotics have been the answer to many bacterial infections. Antibiotics are chemical substances that are secreted by living things. Doctors prescribed these medicines to cure many diseases. During World War II, they treated one of the biggest killers during ...
BACTERIAL GROWTH AND RESISTANCE TO CERTAIN ANTIBIOTICS DATA TABLE |NAME OF BACTERIA |NAME OF ANTIBIOTIC |CLEAR ZONE DIAMETER | | |Penicillin |1mm | |Escherichia coli | | | |(E. coli) | | | |Tetracycline |4mm | | |Control |0mm | | |Penicillin |5mm | |Bacillus subtilis | | | |(B. ubtilis) | | | | |Tetracycline |1mm | | |Control |0mm | GRAPH FOR STUDY OF BACTERIAL GROWTH AND ANTIBIOIC RESISTANCE LEVEL OF GROWTH [pic] BACTERIA NAME
CONCLUSION (CONT. ) Based on previous year’s data, the E. coli is resistant to Penicillin because there was only 1mm of a clear zone around that antibiotic’s section on the agar plate, as opposed to the 4mm of clear zone around the Tetracycline area around that antibiotic’s section on the agar plate. The B. subtilis is resistant to Tetracycline because there was only 1mm of a clear zone around that antibiotic’s section on the agar plate, as opposed to the 5mm of clear zone around the Penicillin area around that antibiotic’s section on the agar plate.
Penicillin is effective against B. subtilis because there was 5mm of clear zone around that section of the agar plate, as opposed to the 1mm of clear zone around the Tetracycline section on the agar plate. Tetracycline is effective against E. coli because there was 4mm of clear zone around that section of the agar plate, as opposed to the 1mm of clear zone around the Penicillin section of the agar plate.
It is very important to take your full dose of antibiotics, because if you don’t then a small group of the bacteria will continue to grow in your system, and will also be resistant against the antibiotic that worked before because it has had time to recognize the contents of the antibiotic and create a sort of “shield” against it, preventing it from working again and treating the bacteria like it used to. But, if you take the full dose of antibiotics as is instructed, all of the bacteria are killed and there is no chance of it continuing to grow in your system.
The Essay on The Problems With Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Abstract The aim is to summarize, evaluate and argue the validity of information that demonstrates the issues with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. A plan to minimize/reduce these issues in the future shall be presented with explanations regarding effectiveness. The Problems with Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Antibiotic-Resistance is the ability of bacteria and other microorganisms to resist the ...
Errors in this lab were of course that the agar had no nutrients in it. Other errors that we faced were that we didn’t use enough bacteria, we didn’t spread the bacteria evenly across the agar, the bacteria might have been dead, or the agar was kept too hot or too cold as the bacteria was supposed to be growing. This lab relates to the class because we have been studying how certain bacteria is resistant to certain antibiotics, and if this lab had worked correctly, we would have been able to see for ourselves what antibiotic E. coli and B. subtilis were resistant to, as well as what treated their bacterial infections.
In a future experiment, we can test other types of bacteria with the same antibiotics and see if Penicillin and Tetracycline could also treat other bacterial infections. My prediction for this future lab would be both antibiotics would be able to treat several other bacterial infections. REFERENCES Bernstein0275. (2013, April 22).
Bacillus subtilis. Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis Lgnatzmice. (2013, September 05).
Escherichia coli. Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Escherichia_coli
