Sat-Chit-Anand is a complex Sanskrit word, comprising three words: Sat, Chit and Anand. Sat means the Ultimate Truth, Chit denotes consciousness and Anand is bliss. It is the nature of Brahman. It is the understanding of Ultimate Truth which results in Eternal Bliss.
Vedas describe it as three inseparable characteristics of the universe, Being-awareness-bliss, in which the universe swims and of which it is made. The Vedas say that the system of world is governed by seven principles of consciousness. These principles form the different levels of earths and heavens. These are generally envisaged as sets of three. The Supreme world is the Triple Divine Sat-Chit-Anand.
Sathya Sai Baba further elaborates, “Everything in the universe is Divine; it is; it shines; it is loveable, it is existence, luminescence and joy; it is Sat, Chit and Anand. For it is the same as the Universal, Eternal, Absolute, which is also Sat-Chit-Anand.”
“Sat, Chit, Anand are the attributes of the Self and you are the Self, not the body. You know in the very depths of your being that ‘you are and will be’, that is the characteristic of Sat (Existence, Being).
You are also eager to’know’, ‘to expand by knowledge’, ‘to reach out’. That is the characteristic of Chit (Awareness).
You seek ‘joy’; all beings do so. That is the characteristic of Anand (Divine Bliss).”
In Gita, Krishna teaches Arjuna the method of attaining the supreme state of Sat-Chit-Anand. He says: “Thus always putting himself in yoga by control of his mind, the Yogi attains to the supreme peace abiding in Me, which culminates in Nirvana.” (Chapter VI, Verse 15) He further explains the state of bliss as: “That in which the soul knows its own true and exceeding bliss, which is perceived by the intelligence and is beyond the senses, wherein established, it can no longer fall away from the spiritual truth of its being.” (Chapter VI, Verse 21) “Supreme Bliss verily comes to this Yogin, whose mind is quite tranquil, whose passion is quietened, who has become Brahman, who is blemishless.” (Chapter VI, Verse 27)
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Sri Raman Maharishi said, “Atma is always Sat-Chit-Ananda….. The nature of Awareness is Sat-Chit-Ananda.” He explained, “Jnana is like subduing a self-willed bull by coaxing it with the help of a sheaf of green grass, while dhyana is like controlling it by using force. Just as there are eight limbs for dhyana-yoga, there are eight for jnana-yoga. The limbs of the latter are more proximate to the final stage than those of the former. For instance, while the pranayama of technical yoga consists in regulating and restraining breath, the pranayama that is a limb of jnana relates to rejecting the name-and-form world which is non-real and realizing the Real which is Sat-Chit-Ananda”.
Adi Sankaracharya defined Sat-Chit-Anand thus: “Sat-Chit-Ananda constitute the very essence or Swarupa of Brahman, and not just Its attributes. The Jiva or the individual soul is only relatively real. Its individuality lasts only so long as it is subject to unreal Upadhis or limiting conditions due to Avidya. The Jiva identifies itself with the body, mind and the senses, when it is deluded by Avidya or ignorance. Just as the bubble becomes one with the ocean when it bursts, so also the Jiva or the empirical self becomes one with Brahman when it gets knowledge of Brahman. When knowledge dawns in it through annihilation of Avidya, it is freed from its individuality and finitude and realizes its essential Satchidananda nature. It merges itself in the ocean of bliss. The river of life joins the ocean of existence. This is the Truth.”
Sri Aurobindo said, “The progressive growth of the finite consciousness of man towards this Self, towards the universal , the eternal, the infinite, in a word his growth into spiritual consciousness by the development of his ordinary ignorant natural being into an illumined divine nature, this is for Indian thinking the significance of life and the aim of human existence.”
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Swami Sivananda explained the concept as: “Chit and Sat are one and the same. Where absolute knowledge and absolute existence prevail, there is also absolute bliss. Bliss is, indeed, thy essential nature. Bliss is your birthright. You are a glorious heir to bliss infinite. Realise this bliss right now, in this very second.”
