History of the Cell The word cell was coined by Englishman Robert Hooke (1635-1703), after viewing slices of cork in a microscope. The word cell was derived from the Latin word cella meaning small container. The microscope created new possibilities in the study biology. It allowed scientists to look into a completely new view of cellular biology. Galileo is credited with the invention of the microscope.
Two of the main pioneers in microscope usage were Robert Hooke and Antonio von Leeuwenhoek. Rene Dut rochet discovered, in 1824, that the cell is the fundamental element in the structure of life. The first sightings of the actual movement of a cell were made by Robert Brown in 1827. Brown also discovered the nucleus in 1833. In Berlin, Johannes Muller made the connection between biology and medicine, others soon followed Muller and his connective thinking. One to follow Muller was Theodore Schwann.
Schwann created the idea of the ‘cell theory’ in the 1830’s and stated that plants consisted of cells. His statement was made after Matthias Sch leiden (1804 – 1881) had decided in 1838 that animals are composed of cells. In 1939 Schwann also stated that all organisms consist of one or more cells, and that the cell is the basic structure for all of life. German Pathologist by the name of Rudolf Virchow (1821 – 1902) altered the thought of cellular biology with his statement that ‘every cell comes from a cell.” Not even twenty years after this statement, processes of cell reproduction were being described.
The Essay on Animal Cells
The NUCLEUS is the largest organelle in the majority of cells. It contains genetic information in DNA, which is responsible for the cells unique characteristics. The nucleus is separated from the rest of the cell by…. …The NUCLEAR ENVELOPE is used as a barrier which separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm, all in all keeping the DNA safe and intact. The nuclear ...
In 1898, Camillo Golgi developed a staining technique using silver nitrate that allows the identification of the cellular organelle that now bears his name, the “Golgi apparatus.” The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing the proteins that are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. In 1953 Stanley Lloyd Miller conducted his famous primordial soup experiment. His experiment may have possibly shown how life’s building blocks here on earth may have formed. In the experiment he subjected a gaseous mixture of hydrogen, water, methane, and ammonia to an electric discharge for one week. Instead of him showing everyone that spontaneous generation was possible, his primordial soup showed him that it was not. Miller made sure that there was no oxygen in his design, but all throughout life there has been oxygen present.
A reason that scientists know that there was oxygen present in the atmosphere is that when ultraviolet light hits water it creates an oxidized atmosphere. Miller also used the nondestructive short length ultraviolet light because he knew that long waves are harmful to the amino acids. Miller also artificially protected his amino acids by siphoning them off, because the same spark that created them would destroy them, when it came. Millers experiment, rather than producing life, created poisons that would kill and disable the chemical evolution of life..
