The colon and rectum are part of the large intestine (bowel).
Colon and rectum cancers, which are sometimes referred to together as ” colo rectal cancer,’ usually grow in the lining of the large intestine. Cancer of the Colon and Rectum is the third most common cancer in adults and accounts for 11% of all cancer deaths. Other types of cancer that can grow in the large intestine include lymphomas, melanomas or sarcomas. Alternative names for Cancer is; Colorectal cancer; Intestinal cancer; Bowel cancer; Cancer – colon… In most cases, colon cancer has no symptoms, therefore, it is very often diagnosed and treated in the advanced stages when the success rate is reduced.
Hidden blood in the stool is mostly the first, and often times the only warning sign. In a high percentage polyps precede the development of colon cancer. Causes, incidences, and risk factors, There is no single cause of colon cancer. Factors associated with colon cancer are colo rectal polyps, cancer elsewhere in the body, a family history of colon cancer, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and immunodeficiency disorders. Dietary factors associated with colon cancer are a high-meat, high-fat, low-fiber diet. Prevention lower your risk factors where possible.
Colon cancer can be prevented if polyps that lead to the cancer are detected and removed. If colon cancer is detected in its early stages, it is up to 90% curable. Beginning at age 50, get screening tests to allow early detection. If one of your first-degree relatives has had colon cancer, you should start getting screened 10 years prior to the age your relative was diagnosed.
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This will help identify pre-cancerous polyps. The four common screening tests and recommended frequency of use are: 1. Fecal Occult blood test (annually) 2. Sigmoidoscopy (every 5 years) 3. Double Barium Contrast Enema (every 5 years) 4. Colonoscopy (every 10 years) The colonoscopy is the most useful, but most invasive test.
New tests using CAT scans to do a ‘virtual’ colonoscopy are being developed. These are less invasive, but one must subsequently undergo a colonoscopy if a suspicious lesion is seen. Symptoms. Diarrhea, constipation, or other change in bowel habits lasting 10 days or more.
Blood in the stool or darker stools. Unexplained anemia. Abdominal pain and tenderness in the lower abdomen. Intestinal obstruction Weight loss with no known reason. Stools narrower than usual. Constant tiredness Signs and tests rectal examination may reveal a rectal mass.
A fecal occult blood test is positive. A colonoscopy with biopsy shows cancer. A with biopsy shows cancer.
