George Orwell (1903-1950), or Eric Arthur Blair as he was formerly known, was born in Bengal, India. His father was a minor British official in the Indian Civil Service; his mother was the daughter of an unsuccessful teak merchant in Burma. Orwells family returned to England in 1911, and lived at Ship lake in Oxfordshire. At the age of eight, Orwell attended St Cyprians, a prep school where he was distinguished by his intellect and poverty. Orwell realised his urge for writing from a very early age and wrote many poems and stories, two of which were printed in the local newspaper.
However, he did not have any siblings of a similar age in his childhood and became lonely; he developed disagreeable mannerisms, that made him an unpopular child at his school. Orwell described this miserable period in an essay Such Such were the Joys The essay was written as a suggestion by his school friend Cyril Connolly who was also destined to pursue a literary career and became one of Orwells most useful contacts. From 1917 to 1921, Orwell attended Eton, one of England leading schools, where he published his first writings as college periodicals. Authors he read included Jonathan Swift, whose satire would be a key element in Orwells style.
Like Swift, Orwell moved countries several times and during his enlistment with the Indian Burma Police he realised how much against their will, the Burmese were being ruled by the British. Later he was to recount his experiences and his reactions to Imperial rule in his novel Burmese days (1934) and in two autobiographical sketches Shooting an elephant and A Hanging. After being injured, Orwell resigned from the Imperial Police and declaring himself an anarchist, took chea lodgings in London’s East end, living among the poor labourers. He spent some time in Paris, and then in 1931 he went back to England, moving around the country eventually settling at a farm. All these experiences provided the material of Orwells first book, Down and Out in London. Through the years, Orwell wrote many more novels and his anarchism settled into a more mature socialism.
The Essay on Minimum School Leaving Age
In some countries the minimum school leaving age is 15 years and children and their parents have no right to decide when they will leave school. According to the law in those countries it would be illegal for them to leave school earlier. However, there is a number of reasons for children to have to leave school earlier not taken into the account by the government. Firstly, I am going to consider ...
He made a tour in order to gather material for a book on the social conditions in the industrialised cities and improvised mining communities in the North of England. He also kept a diary during February and March 1936 that would form the basis of this book The Road to Wigan Pier. In 1936, Orwell rented the small general store in Wallington, which he ran as a business with his wife. Although they left Wallington in 1940, Orwell visited often and the villages most enduring legacy was its Manor farm; this would form the basis for Animal Farm. Like Gullivers Travels, Animal Farm can be enjoyed on more than one level, as readers who have no intellectual experience of the political parallels will still receive the raw emotional jolt. Regardless of whether you know a lot about Russia and the revolution, Animal Farm has an absorbing story which adults and children should find enjoyable.
However, knowledge of the political comparisons helps bring about a better overall understanding of the book and help you to appreciate Orwells motivation for writing. Orwells original intention for writing was to expose some lie and his initial concern was to get a hearing. He realised, like Swift that the world held many political problems which needed to be brought to the attention of the public, and found writing to be the most effective and aesthetically pleasing way. Fortunately for Orwell, he did not need to use the same level of subtlety in his writings to avoid government intervention although he realised the power of satire and employed it throughout the whole of Animal Farm. Both Orwell and Swifts works are attacks on humanity in general and both satirized certain individuals. In Animal Farm, Orwells characters are a representation of historical people who were involved in the Russian revolution of 1917.
The Essay on Animal Cruelty on Factory Farms
We can promote humane treatment of factory farm animals by prevention through education, by enforcing humane laws by being an example of humane animal treatment, and by donating and/or volunteering at local humane law enforcement agencies. Cruelty and abuse of animals on factory farms cause loss to the business. Animals at the farms are injected with growth stimulants so that they can grow ...
For example Napoleon, the large fierce looking Berkshire boar is a satire of Joseph Stalin. Snowball was a more vivacious pig than Napoleon, quicker in speech and more intelligent. In this passage Orwell is comparing Stalin to Leon Trotsky, another leader of the October revolution. Napoleon uses Squealer the pig as his propagandist because of Squealers excellent persuasion skills. Joseph Stalin also used propaganda and this kept him on top of the Russian government. Napoleons main advantage over controlling the animals of the farm is his exploitation of the dogs.
Orwell uses them to represent the KGB or perhaps more accurately, the bodyguards of Stalin. Orwell almost speaks of the dogs as mindless robots so dedicated to Napoleon that they cannot really speak for themselves. This is supported by Napoleons early and suspicious removal of six puppies from their mother. Orwells sat irisation of characters in his book goes into such detail that even characters as frivolous as the pigeons represent important parts of the Russian revolution. Early on in the book, the pigs create seven commandments for all animals to abide by but gradually; they change over time as the pigs become increasingly dominant.
The pigs prey on the weaknesses and forgetfulness of the animals and slowly each commandment is altered in some way. For example, the commandment, No animal shall drink alcohol, is changed to No animal shall drink alcohol to excess after Napoleon gets drunk and subsequently has a hangover. Although the animals generally do not realise it, the pigs are exploiting the animals into living a life worse than how it was before the pigs took over. Another example of Orwells satire is when the most powerful and perhaps gullible animal, Boxer falls after the strains of building the windmill, and is taken away in a glue cart much to the animals despair. Squealer then goes on to tell them that the cart was for a hospital and once again the animals are tricked. The ironic fact is revealed when a crate of whisky arrives for the pigs and the reader realises what they have done.
After the removal of Snowball by Napoleon at the beginning, Napoleon has acquired himself a scapegoat for all the bad things that happen on the farm by blaming them on Snowball. For example, Napoleon explains to the animals that the food shortages are because of Snowball sneaking in at night. At a gathering in the barn, many animals come forward to explain that Snowball has been telling them to cause trouble amongst the farm and Napoleons dogs kill them in front of the other animals. This is a most likely to be a tactic of Napoleon to get the animals to say that, to reinforce Snowballs existence and act as a deadly warning of Napoleons power and authority. Like Swift, Orwell uses humour as a part of satire in certain places to make a point. Orwells humour is much more subtle, he shows the pigs difficulty in getting to grips with human tools in a comical way it is not easy for a pig to balance on a ladder.
The Essay on Animal Farm Animals Napoleon Pigs
... rules, and the animals agree. Napoleon throughout the book brainwashes the other animals into being servants for him and the other pigs on the farm. ... on the farm, and how to go about doing it. Snowball, a small boar, had an idea to build a windmill ... book, Animal Farm, by George Orwell is a quite an extravagant book with many twists and turns which parallel today s society. Although the book ...
Whereas Swift blatantly uses toilet humour throughout which caused much offence to certain people. Orwells writing style is similar to Swifts in that it is clear, strong and precise. These qualities are vital for a book where it is important for the reader to understand the message they are trying to convey. It also increases the impact and can be very influential There was a deadly silence. Amazed, terrified, huddling. On a personal level, I enjoyed Animal Farm more because of its simple persuasive style, which I found absorbing and kept me interested right to the very end.
However, I also enjoyed Gullivers Travels because it is so different to any book I have read and its subtle, yet provocative satirical points enhanced the pleasure of reading it.
