According to Merriam-Webster, curriculum is the planned interaction of students with instructional content, materials, resources and assessment for evaluating what has been taught. Danielson states that a curriculum is a blueprint that gives teachers the expectations and goals of what students should be learning. The curriculum also provides the resources to use that align with the skills or strategies being taught (Danielson, 2002).
For previous years and years to come, the curriculum has been the most important part of a school.
Choosing the appropriate curriculum and making sure it is fully implemented has been challenging to educational leaders. Periodically, many states often update their curriculum to make sure it continues to align with the state standards. The beginning of the support for public education curriculum came in 1872 in the Kalamazoo case in Kalamazoo, Michigan. In 1874, the case brought to the Michigan Supreme court orders that the state was given the right to support public education by levying taxes. Many other court cases followed this asking for taxes to be levied to support education (The Kalamazoo Case, 1872).
John Franklin Bobbit has had the most influence in the education curriculum design. He was an American educationalist and specialized in the field of curriculum. After creating a curriculum for the Philippines, Bobbit realized that a curriculum had more useful solutions than just an American textbook. He believed the curriculum created by the school was a blue print used to prepare students for the future of being a citizen in society. He influenced the curriculum by showing how various teaching methods could correspond to social needs.
The Essay on Education In France Students Baccalaureat System
Education in France Julia Wilkinson France is a nation focused on culture. It is in many ways the 'cultural capital of the world'. France has always been an inspiration for many artists. Due to its strong culture and other moral factors, France is a country afraid of change and its education system is subject to this fear. In France today, the education system is very similar to what it has been ...
Bobbit created the following steps for making a curriculum: planning in detail, deriving objectives, analysis of human experience, and job analysis.. The Curriculum: a summary of the development concerning the theory of curriculum, written by Bobbit in 1918, was established as the official specialization education science. John Dewey also had an influence in curriculum planning by contributing to the debate of bridging the gap of the curriculum (Murray, 2013) In the past 10 years, The No Child Left Behind Act passed in 2001 has dramatically changed curriculum in schools.
This act has increased accountability in all school by focusing on the curriculum provided to students. Due to this act, states have been required to set high expectations and access student achievement through state assessments. Even though NCLB was created to benefit the instruction of students, it has also placed a strain on teachers, who now feels stressed out and turn to other careers. Teachers in urban and rural areas are experiencing challenges teaching low-income students without resources and financial assistance.
Districts in those areas are not meeting Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), whereas districts in other areas receive tax levies that enhance resources and the best technology available. Overall, the passion for education is being removed from the classroom and replaced with the pressure of meeting AYP (Gentry, 2006).
In certain areas of Duval County, they are numerous amounts of English Language Learners. It is very difficult for a school to reach AYP due to the students that are ELL. The Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP) model has been implemented into each grade level curriculum to help instruct in English.
The Development Of A Prevention Dropout For Secondary Student In An Urban High School Setting
The Development of a Prevention Dropout for Secondary Student in an Urban High School Setting According to Noguera and Dimon (2003), the rate of dropout in American urban high schools may be the biggest but least known problem today. Noguera and Dimon estimated that at a great amount of schools 50% and even more of the students who start their ninth grade leave it without graduation. [3]. Many ...
When the model is used effectively, lessons can launch purposeful communication within students and create language practices. It is wonderful that we can teach ELL students the skills and strategies needed to pass assessments, but will this information be useful in their future. Using various education models has its advantages and disadvantages, but the use of the SIOP model gives way for students to become bored and eventually off task. The SIOP model requires a lot of planning and preparation.
It also demands that teacher have excellent classroom management techniques and ability to multitask (Irujo, 2006, para. 6).
With the larger class sizes and fewer paraprofessionals to assist, teachers have become extremely overwhelmed. The mandated curriculum and constant standardized testing has given teachers less flexibility to teach in the ways that would benefit every student and their learning style. Whether students speak English fluently or not, teachers are well aware that they have a responsibility to teach all of the students in their classrooms.
The “gifted education” movement has been impacted by No Child Left Behind (NCLB) as well. Even though the United States has approximately 3 million gifted students in population, less money is still being received allocated to gifted programs and schools (Beisser, 2008).
Gifted students and program are being abandoned and neglected. Teachers are being utilized to assist in other areas so the school will make Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP).
Districts and schools are placing gifted teachers in classroom to assist low scoring students.
The gifted program is no longer benefiting the students that were originally assigned to the program. With the lack of planning time, classroom space, and professional development, gifted students have been limited. The academic performance of gifted students has declined over the past few years. The curriculum is now watered down and no longer rigorous to meet their needs. Districts that are mandated to implement the No Child Left behind act need to find better ways to improve instruction to serve all children.
Districts and educational leaders can provide professional development trainings for all classroom teachers to acknowledge the need and traits of gifted and intelligent students. Colleges and Universities need to prep teachers on how to provide high level curriculum to high performing students. The creation of the No Child Left Behind Act has forced education policy makers to focus on those students that are less proficient, those that are struggling to meet state standards, and those that have deficiencies in reading and math. Those students who are gifted have been left behind (Bessier, 2008).
The Essay on Theories of Learning & Teacher Student Realtionship in the Classroom or Clinical Setting
Learning theorists: Koffka, Kohler, Lewin, Piaget, Ausubel,Bruner, Gagne View of the learning process: Internal mental process (including insight, information processing, memory, perception Locus of learning: Internal cognitive structuring Purpose in education: Develop capacity and skills to learn better Educator’s role: Structures content of learning activity Manifestations in adult learning: ...
The curriculum used in today’s society should prepare students to achieve goals become productive members of society. In this new age of high accountability, education must make changes to where society is heading. Education does not need to be dormant, but reflect where we are in present time. Curriculum should be a total learning experience provided by the school and teacher. It should outline the skills, performances, behaviors, attitudes and values students are expected to learn. A curriculum should be prescriptive and based on what needs to be understood.
