M1) Historically, some philosophers and theorists have argued that we are born to be the way we are. However, other theorists have argued that it is the way we are brought up and influenced by our surroundings that make us who we are. This argument is known as the nature v nurture debate and has been going on for many years as to this day, it is still not resolved. Nurture refers to the social, economic and environmental influences while nature refers to the genetic and biological influences. The way we look can be argued to be mainly due to nature as the genes we inherit from our parents provide a basis of how we look. An example of this could be when people say, “Don’t you look like your mum/dad!”. Genetic inheritance can determine our eye colour, natural hair colour, whether we have straight or curly hair and how tall we are. Also, we can inherit certain diseases that can have a serious impact on our health.
However, as we get older, we can make our own decisions on how we look and change our appearance. In today’s society, it is proven to be popular that people change their hair colour, get tattoos and piercings. Also, there are many cosmetic procedures available to change our appearance. For example, eating junk food and not exercising regularly can lead to obesity. The environment we are brought up in and the experiences we have influence our health which contributes to our physical development. An example of how nature-nurture affect our physical development is; we may carry genes that increase our risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but if we eat a healthy diet and get sufficient exercise, we may not develop the disease.
The Essay on Organisations And Communities Influence Social Change
This essay considers how organisations and communities affect people’s behaviours and influencing social change. Firstly, from a ‘management’ perspective the focus will look at the ‘strong link’ of both structure and culture and how this affects people’s behaviour to bring about possible social change. Secondly, from a ‘psychology’ perspective, the ...
Also, the genes we inherit can affect our health. For example, a daughter is more likely to have breast cancer if her mother has had it. However, our life choices and the environment we live in can increase our chances. Genes provide instructions for structuring amino acids which influence the proteins within our body cells. In this sense, genes program the chemical basis of our biology. Our body shape and size as well as our behaviour, depend on the interaction of our biology with broader environmental factors. “A human being is the result of the interaction of genes (biological programming) and the environmental influences they are exposed to. B, Stretch & M. Whitehouse (2010)
D1) I am going to look at infants and evaluate how nature and nurture affects their development. (Physical – Nature)
Infants are rapidly growing in the first 3 years of their life; they are born with certain characteristics such as blue eyes and blonde hair. These characteristics are genetic and are passed down from their parents to them. (Nurture)
However, an infant’s growth is predominately determined by the nutrients that they receive. If an infant is brought up in poverty or in a neglected household, they are less likely to receive the nutrients they need to grow to their potential. Without the right nurture, infants would be unable to grow regardless of their genetic factors.
(Intellectual – Nature)
Babies are born with the ability to think and speak. However, there is a possibility that intelligence can be inherited from their parents. An infant mainly learns from their parents and carers, who they are around all the time, and learn all the skills that are required in later life. School also plays a big factor of their intellectual development, as the better the school and teaching, the more likely they are to progress with high standards of education. Therefore, both nature and nurture, play an equal role in an infant’s intellectual development as it can be both inherited and develop from their education and upbringing. (Emotional – Nature)
All babies have the ability to show emotions such as smiling and crying. These are abilities that come naturally to allow them to show their parent/carer their emotions. (Emotional – Nurture) As a child grows, they learn more complex emotions from their parent/carer. The emotions they learn from others teach them how to show certain emotions. In conclusion, the emotional development of an infant is equally shared by nature and nurture as it can be both learning more complex emotions by parents/carers and learnt by observing others as they get older. (Social – Nature)
The Essay on Racism Baby Bear
Attack The Source There really is no way of getting around it. There is a great deal of racial tension in the United States today. Nine out of ten people in society today believe that racism does exist and is something that affects millions of people everyday. There is not much arguing that can done with a statistic like that. What is it that causes so many problems between each other? Is it that ...
Every baby is born unique and with their very own temperament. A temperament makes a person’s personality that is uniquely their own however influenced by heredity. Some babies are born quiet and reserved while others can be hypersensitive. Some have strong social needs where others are wary of new faces. There is no correct temper to have as there are so many. (Social – Nurture)
Genes play a big part in the basis of a person’s brain and temperament, but it is the baby’s experiences and environment that allow them to realize their potential. Environments affect a baby so much that their temperament can be changed within minutes.
The three stages of birth
Every woman’s labour is different, no one can predict what it will be like or how long it will last. Labour moves in three clear stages:
First stage:
This is when contractions gradually open up the cervix and consists of early labour and active labour. During pregnancy, the cervix is closed and filled with mucus to keep out infection. The cervix is long and firm, giving a strong base to the uterus. Also, it’s in a position that points slightly towards your back. In the first stage of labour; the cervix has to move forward, ripen and open, so your baby can be born. By the end, the cervix will be fully dilated, and open to about 10cm in diameter.
Second stage:
This is when you will push your baby down the vagina and meet him/her for the first time. You’ll be able to feel the pressure of the baby’s head low down in the pelvis, and with every contraction, have two or three strong urges to bear down. With every urge to bear down, the baby will move through the pelvis a little, but at the end of the contraction, will probably slip back a little. When the baby’s head is far down in the pelvis, you will be able to feel a hot, stinging sensation. This will happen as the opening of the vagina starts to stretch around the baby’s head. The midwife will tell you when they can see your baby’s head and may ask you to stop pushing.
The Essay on Induction of labour
Labour is characterized by uterine contractions that in return create physical changes to the cervix such as dilation and effacement in preparation for delivery of a baby. Labour induction, though sometimes confused with labour augmentation, refers to the process of artificially initiating labour in cases where labour has not began naturally or when life threatening health risk(s) have been ...
Third stage:
The third stage of labour begins when the baby is born, and ends when you deliver the placenta and the empty bag of waters that are attached to the placenta. If all went well in the pregnancy and labour, you can choose to have a natural third stage. This is when you deliver the placenta without the help of drugs, unless they are needed. When this is complete, you can then spend a little time getting to know your baby.
