Anthropology 122-1 Western Scientific Perspectives Walking on a clear night a person can’t help but look up and see the stars. Each beautiful, illuminating the night sky along with the moon, far away yet close enough to admire and wonder. I sit sometimes outside and just look up and gaze in wonder at the stars, but the scientists in me thinks further. The stars are like our sun in the solar system, hydrogen balls, exploding, radiating energy and light in all directions yet we are so far that we see them as specks in the night sky. Then there are those night where Venus and Mercury can be seen among the stars, almost a spiritual experience.
Science has taught us that gravity and other laws of nature control the movement of such celestial objects and control everyday happenings where most would not give it a second thought. In life we all seek the truth, the truths about the universe; our surroundings. Some people seek the truth through what science tells us. The Big Bang Theory tells us that there was a massive explosion where concentrated matter is scattered all over what is the universe and over time the planets and other systems formed to their current states.
Then some seek the truth through religion and God and so we have the story of Genesis from the Bible. Fritjof Capra, author of The Tao of Physics, was a high-energy physicist who conducted years of research in his career and understood his surroundings as a physicist but through his learning the religious philosophies of Hinduism, Buddhism and Taoism saw his surroundings are more than that. Capra saw a rhythm that surrounded everything. “I ‘saw’ cascades of energy coming down from outer space, in which particles were created and destroyed in rhythmic pulses; I ‘saw’ the atoms of the elements and those of my body participating in this cosmic dance of energy; I felt its rhythm and I ‘heard’ its sound, and at that moment I knew that this was the Dance of Shiva, the Lord of Dancers worshipped by the Hindus.” (Capra, 11) Ultimately Capra discovered for himself and argues is the view of the world explained through physics and the view given by philosophies such as Hindus im, Buddhism and Taoism are parallel to each other.
The Essay on Different types of energy transfer
For us to do work, we need energy. Energy is measured in joules, (J) or kilojoules (kJ) Energy exists in many different forums such as Kinetic and potential energy – Kinetic energy is the movement of energy and potential is stored energy, energy ready to go. A lawn mower filled with gasoline, a car on top of a hill, and students waiting to go home from school are all examples of potential energy. ...
According to Capra, knowledge can be divided into to parts, rational and intuitive. Everyday we learn, we gain knowledge of our surroundings and from our everyday happenings. This is considered rational knowledge; where everyday we calculate and categorize the happenings of our daily lives. Science is in the area of rational knowledge.
Then there is intuitive knowledge which is not structured like rational knowledge is. Eastern mystics believe that reality can’t be derived from reasoning because it exists beyond what we can sense and of what we learn rationally. When reading through the book I remember a good story line from a Disney movie related to the topic of the chapter (knowing and seeing), .”.. seeing is believing, believing is seeing.” In science it is difficult to just explain complicated concepts through words alone. Mathematics is used to express difficult ideas by the scientists. Where as in the scientific community there is a need for mathematics and modeling to show and prove eastern mystics the importance is the mystical experience where would take the form of such things as paintings, poems, myths and symbols.
Mathematics is the language of the rational to explain physics concepts. Capra argues that a concepts such as the study of atoms has shown physicist that common language not only is inaccurate but not adequate enough to describe atoms. Quantum theory and relativity theory show (physicist) that the material can’t be talked about in a common language. A famous atomic physicist once said this about language:” The problem of language here are really serious. We wish to speak in some way about the structure of the atoms… But we cannot speak about atoms in ordinary language.” -W.
The Research paper on Perception Of Reality Narrator Nature Anna
? Surfacing? By Margaret Atwood? Surfacing? By Margaret Atwood Essay, Research Paper In "Surfacing,' by Margaret Atwood, the unnamed protagonist acquires a radical perception of reality that is developed through an intense psychological journey on the island that served as her childhood home. Truth can be taken from the narrator's viewpoint, but the reader must explore the inner turmoil plaguing ...
Heisenberg The eastern view tells that the experiencing reality is “indeterminate.” We can’t just simply understand reality. Eastern mystics also believe that common language can’t reality. A Buddhist philosopher has this to say:” The contradiction so puzzling to the ordinary way of the thinking comes from the fact that we have to use language to communicate our inner experience which in its very nature transcends linguistics.” -D. T. Suzuki Capra shows that both scientists and eastern mystics agree that common language can’t explain reality. Reality is big and complex, either explained by thousands of equations and models or through the understanding of the interaction of nature, “the dance.” In the East, the philosophical thoughts come from the principals of Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism and Zen.
In Hinduism the main idea is about the direct mystical experience of reality, to liberate oneself to the reality of life. Unlike Hinduism which is religious in nature, Buddhism is “psychological.” There isn’t an interest in learning about the origin of the world or finding the ultimate reality but the emphasis is about the human experience in life; the suffering and frustrations of people. Through experiencing suffering and frustration and learning from it to eventually reach harmony. Chinese philosophy developed two schools of though, Confucianism and Taoism. While Confucianism was a philosophy of society, living life through common sense and practical knowledge to make decisions Taoism mainly concerned itself with the observation of nature and to find “its way” or Tao. As a follower of Taoism, happiness in life is attained through following the “natural order,” acting spontaneously and trusting ones intuitive knowledge.
Yet in nature there is a balance of two polar forces known as Yin and Yang. Yin is the dark female and is intuitive while Yang represents the strong male, creative and rational. Zen, mainly found in Japan has parts of Indian mysticism, Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism. Though in Zen, Buddha is the focus and one tries to find enlightenment through living spontaneously like in Taoism, deciding with common sense such as in Confucianism.
The Essay on The Nature of Reality
Reality is an illusion based on gene survivial-individual behaviour and even social institutions are expressions of genes, the vast majority of which are common to humans and the higher primates. The implicit, largely unconscious, principles that inform gene-determined human behaviour are rooted in their survival value; and the entity whose survival is served is not the conscious organism but the ...
“Zen is the discipline of the enlightenment.” (Capra, 121) It is very hard to see the connection between eastern mystics and the rationalists. But we see that in nature there are opposites and interactions that are talked about in eastern mysticism. Light and darkness, protons and electrons, good and evil, all of these different interactions of nature. Science explains it as particles moving in space, light as photons, protons and electrons in atoms each an equal and opposite force of each other.
Then there is religion and philosophy that explains it as a natural dance of opposites, battling each other such as good and evil. There are rules that exist in nature, some explained through the rationality of mathematics while it can also be explained as nature living in harmony with every other thing, a dance. Man follows the law of earth; Earth follows the laws of heaven; Heaven follows the laws of Tao; Tao follows the law of its intrinsic nature (Capra, 289) As much as science is able to tell us, theories are sometimes disproved and new theories are found. It is changing and the “truth” still is out there, hard to understand, maybe we might never understand it.
Physics has its limits, Capra understood that, sometimes you just have to believe. Not everything can be explained, but living in nature is mysterious, hiding its truths. We may never know some things but continue searching, or we know something but can’t explain it. He who knows does not speak, He who speaks does not know. (Capra, 301).
