Discuss what you think the author really means by “fasting” and “feasting.” What are the physical and emotional implications of each? How do you think the story would have been different if it had been Uma who had gone to America instead of Arun? Do you think Anamika and Aruna ended up having better lives than Uma did? Explain why or why not. What commonalities do you see in the dynamics of both families? What things are vastly different? Discuss the importance of everyday spirituality in India as opposed to the apparent lack of any spiritual substance exhibited by the lives of the Pattons. Why do you think Mrs. Patton has not recognized Melanie’s obvious cries for help when they are clearly evident immediately to Arun?
Fasting, Feasting
1. In what ways do the two terms of the title—”fasting” and “feasting”—apply to family life and society in general in India and the United States?
2. What kinds of freedom and what specific freedoms do the characters seek? In what ways is the “total freedom of anonymity” that Arun experiences in his university dormitory similar to the freedom that Uma seeks?
3. What is the significance of Uma’s experiences at, on, and in the sacred river? What does Desai mean when she writes of Uma’s near-drowning (in chapter nine), “The saving was what made her shudder and cry …”? What mysteries and “golden promises” does Uma seek within the convent school, with Mira-masi, and in her Christmas-card collection?
The Essay on Voltaire Freedom Life One
The building blocks of the Enlightenment were formed out of a desire for truth, reason, and freedom virtually contingent upon the last. An examination of Voltaires Candide and La Feyettes Princess of Cleves, both well recognized pieces of the period, exemplify two views of freedom, the first based on its use in moderation and the latter making it a relative term. Relative freedom meaning it is ...
4. In what ways does spirituality enter the novel? What characters have authentic spiritual leanings or capacities? Are Uma’s seizures, for example, instances of spiritual possession or eruptions of suppressed frustration and rage?
5. What roles and expectations are open to women and men in the India and America of Fasting, Feasting? What do the details of Anamika’s and Aruna’s marriages reveal about women’s lives in traditional India?
6. What rebellions and attempts at escape, successful or not, occur? How do they suggest the significance of Uma’s vision of escape as “a huge and ancient banyan tree” and a river? (131)
7. Arun “ponders these omens and indicators” of life in Massachusetts—the objects that adorn the interiors and exteriors of the houses. What do these “omens and indicators” reveal to Arun and to us as his summer stay with the Potters proceeds?
8. What differences and similarities are there between the Indian and American families, between corresponding members of the two families (for example, Mama and Mrs. Potter), and between the their communities?
9. “I’ve always been aware of food as an obsession,” Desai has said. What function does food play in the novel? How does food provide both “focus and continuity” in both societies?
10. What instances and images of imprisonment and entrapment occur in the novel’s two parts? To what extent is entrapment of one kind or another envisioned as an inescapable fact of life?
11. What are the purposes of the various rituals, ceremonies, traditions, and routines—personal, social, and religious—that are observed in the novel’s two parts? What are the consequences of ignoring tradition and custom and of disrupting established routine?
12. Arun takes up jogging, having recognized the American joggers’ struggle “to free themselves and find, through endeavor most primitive, through strain and suffering, that open space, that unfettered vacuum where the undiscovered America still lies …” Why does Arun partake of this American struggle?
The Essay on Native Americans 5
American Indian Wars There is perhaps a tendency to view the record of the military in terms of conflict, that may be why the U.S. Army’s operational experience in the quarter century following the Civil War became known as the Indian wars. Previous struggles with the Indian, dating back to colonial times, had been limited. There was a period where the Indian could withdraw or be pushed into ...
13. How does Desai establish Mama and Papa’s identities as separate persons and, at the same time, as the single, and singular, MamandPapa? In what ways
do “they have the comfort of each other,” as Uma later realizes?
Fasting, Feasting
A Booker Prize Finalist
“[Desai] has much to say in this graceful, supple novel … ” — Publishers Weekly
From an Indian summer’s sun and dust to a New England summer’s “white heat,” Fasting, Feasting examines the intricate web of family conflict and security on two continents. Anita Desai’s eleventh novel—her third to be shortlisted for Britain’s Booker Prize—is the moving story of Uma, the plain and awkward older daughter of an Indian family, and of her younger brother, Arun, attending college in Massachusetts. Their parents are so much of one mind that they are thought of as a single being—MamaPapa. With the favored son away at college and her younger sister married, Uma is little more than an unpaid servant to her tyrannical parents. Her search for beauty and freedom leads her to a convent school, her aunt’s ashram, a sacred river, and her collection of Christmas cards.
Across the world, Arun is bewildered by American college life, especially by the ways of the Pattons, with whom he spends the summer. Mr. Patton’s devotion to red meat, Mrs. Patton’s commitment to a well-stocked kitchen, their son Rod’s dedication to physical fitness, and daughter Melanie’s bulimia confuse and frighten Arun and move him to reassess everything he has ever taken for granted.
Hailed in Britain as and as “rich in the sensuous atmosphere, elegiac pathos and bleak comedy at which the author excels” (The Spectator), Fasting, Feasting brilliantly confirms Anita Desai’s place among today’s foremost writers in English.
