English = West Germanic Language originating in Anglo-Saxon England
lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the late 19th century onwards.
used extensively as a second language
official language in Commonwealth countries
preferred language of international organizations
o controlling airplanes, developing software, conducting international diplomacy, and business relations
lingua franca = a language systematically used to communicate between persons not sharing a mother tongue, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both persons’ mother tongues.
vernacular = refers to the native language of a country or a locality. In general linguistics, it is used to describe local languages as opposed to lingua franca.
language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family.
Dialect (from the Greek word dialektos) = variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language’s speakers; (a way of avoiding the terms ‘language’ and ‘dialect’ in intermediate cases)
The Essay on Pros and cons of English being the international lingua franca
... Studebaker. English Lingua Franca. http://benjaminstudebaker.com/2013/05/20/english-lingua-franca/. 20 May 2013 “Subject Area – English Language Essays The Lingua Franca”. http://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-language/pdf/the-lingua-franca.pdf. 2006 ... of English becoming the international lingua franca. English is the best candidate language for lingua franca. Many countries take English as ...
Sociolect: a dialect that is associated with a particular social class
accent is a manner of pronunciation of a language; usually spoken by a group united by geography or social status; accents are not to be confused with dialects
standard language (also standard dialect, or standardized dialect): a particular variety of a language that has been given either legal or quasi-legal status. it is usually considered to be more “correct” in some sense than other dialects.
foreign language: a language not spoken by the people of a certain place
slang: the use of highly informal words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker’s dialect or language
argot: a specific language used by various groups—including, but not limited to, thieves and other criminals—to prevent outsiders from understanding their conversations. The term is also used to refer to the informal specialized vocabulary from a particular field of study, hobby, job, sport, etc.
jargon: defined in relationship to a specific activity, profession, or group. It covers the language used by people who work in a particular area or who have a common interest. It develops as a short-hand to quickly express ideas that are frequently discussed between members of a group; it may be given a more precise or unique usage among practitioners of a field. In many cases this may cause a barrier to communication with those not familiar with the language of the field.
corporate jargon: jargon often used in business communication of corporations. A slang type or form is called “corporatese.”
Euro jargon: colloquial term referring to terminology relating to the European Union
Idiom: a phrase whose meaning cannot be determined by the literal definition of the phrase itself, but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only through common use. In linguistics, idioms are widely assumed to be figures of speechThe Indo-European languages = language family of several hundred related languages and dialects including most major languages of Europe, South East Asia, Central Asia, and the Indian Subcontinent (South Asia).
The Term Paper on English Language Teaching
This paper aims to highlight the importance of teaching sociolinguistic competence to ESL learners in Malaysian schools. Sociolinguistic competence is the knowledge of socio cultural rules of language and of discourse. This type of competence requires an understanding of the socio context in which language is used. It is proposed that carefully designed language activities be carried out by ...
