Provide an example when it would be appropriate to conduct a time-series or cross sectional data. Evaluate the potential problems that may arise with your example and identify strategies for minimizing the impact of the potential problems.
According to the text, Data collected for use in forecasting the value of a particular variable may be classified into two major categories – time series or cross sectional data. Time-series data are defined as a sequence of the values of an economic variable at different points in time. Cross-sectional data are an array of the values of an economic variable observed at the same time, like the data collected in a census across many individuals in the population. No matter what type of forecasting model is being used, one must decide whether time-series or cross-sectional data are most appropriate (McGuigan, Moyer, and Harris 2011 pg. 141, )
Time-series data can be gathered in a measurement of the population. For example, We use the data set in the table below to construct a time series graph. The data is from the U.S. Census Bureau and reports the U.S. resident population from 1900 to 2000. The horizontal axis measures time in years, and the vertical axis represents the number of people in the U.S. The graph shows us a steady increase in population that is roughly a straight line. Then the slope of the line becomes steeper during the Baby Boom.
The Essay on Limitations of Ratio Analysis for Cross-Sectional Comparisons
Ratio analysis is a useful technique for comparing a company’s performance and position with other companies. However, such comparisons may be misleading. Some of the limitations of ratio analysis for cross-sectional comparisons are discussed below: Accounting policies: Accounting laws allow companies to choose accounting policies and use discretion while preparing accounts. Such a freedom leads ...
Cross-sectional data are data that are collected from participants at one point in time. Time is not considered one of the study variables in a cross-sectional research design. However, it is worth noting that in a cross-sectional study, all participants do not provide data at one exact moment. Even in one session, a participant will complete the questionnaire over some duration of time. Nonetheless, cross-sectional data are usually collected from respondents making up the sample within a relatively short time frame (field period).
In a cross-sectional study, time is assumed to have random effect that produces only variance, not bias. In contrast, time series data or longitudinal data refers to data collected by following an individual respondent over a course of time. The terms cross-sectional design and cross-sectional survey often are used interchangeably. Researchers typically use one-time cross-sectional survey studies to collect data that cannot be directly observed, but Cross-sectional … Takes place at a single point in time
Does not involve manipulating variables
Allows researchers to look at numerous things at once (age, income, gender) Often used to look at the prevalence of something in a given population Potential ChallengesWhile the design sounds relatively simple, finding participants who are very similar except in one specific variable can be difficult. Also, groups can be affected by cohort differences that arise from the particular experiences of a unique group of people. Individuals born in the same time period may share important historical experiences, while people born in a specific geographic region may share experiences limited solely to their physical location.
Resources
http://psychology.about.com/od/cindex/g/cross-sectional.htm
http://srmo.sagepub.com/view/encyclopedia-of-survey-research-methods/n119.xml htp://stattistics.about.com/od/Descriptive-Statistics/a/Time-Series-Graphst.hm
The Research paper on Data Collection 3
In the hospitality business, employee retention and low turnover is of utmost importance. Employees are the foundation of any successful operation. Employees provide direct communication with customers, support organizational initiatives, boost profit, curb losses, and build future success. Denihan is a hospitality company that began in 1903 as a dry cleaning company by Benjamin J. Denihan, an ...
McGuigan, J. R., Moyer, R. C., & Harris, F. H. D. (2011).
Managerial economics: Applications, strategy,m and tactics (12th ed.).
Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. pg.74-
