Oxygen (O)
Human beings obtain this element from the air. It enters a person’s bloodstream through the lungs. The blood carries oxygen to the cells of the body. In the cells, oxygen combines with chemicals obtained from food. Energy produced during this process makes it possible for each cell to perform its function in the body. Also, oxygen atoms are present in water and water is essential to all life. It is present in many organic compounds. While oxygen is necessary for life, oxygen as ozone is highly toxic. On the other hand, ozone is an important component of the atmosphere and helps to shield us from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun.
Carbon (C)
Carbon is the basis of all life as we know it. It uniquely occupies a chemical niche that allows it to readily form large and complex molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and ultimately DNA. These compounds are the building blocks of life. Although the human body needs vitamin A [ CO 2 ], increasing the amount it naturally gets gives the body an added health advantage. But increasing it to the level of toxicity, can cause liver damage.
Hydrogen (H)
Hydrogen is found in lipids, in the fat that we eat, and in saturated fat. There are a lot of hydrogen atoms in unsaturated lipids, but less hydrogen atoms in double bonded called polyunsaturated lipids.
Nitrogen (N)
Air is made up from 78% nitrogen and almost 21% oxygen. Our bodies don’t use the nitrogen, but we need the oxygen that passes into the body by moving across the lung walls in a process called diffusion.
The Essay on Body For Life
1. Body For Life 2. Author Bill Phillips, is the chief editor of Muscle Media Magazine and a fitness guru. Dedicating his life to physical fitness, Phillips’ work is known universally throughout the world of bodybuilding and nutrition. Phillips is also an executive officer of EAS (Engineered and Applied Sciences), the leader in sports nutrition and supplementation. Along with his professional ...
Calcium (Ca)
Calcium is the most common mineral in the human body. Calcium is essential to the growth and maintenance of strong, healthy teeth and bones. It is also necessary for regulating the heartbeat and lowering cholesterol levels. Aching joints, dry, brittle nails, tooth decay, high blood pressure / high cholesterol levels in blood, and muscle cramps have all been associated with calcium deficiencies. Perhaps the most significant potential complication from inadequate calcium intake is bone loss, often leading to osteoporosis and increasing the risk of for bone fractures.
Phosphorus (P)
Phosphorus is the second most abundant mineral in the body behind calcium , making up approximately one percent of a person’s body weight. It is present in every cell in the body, however, most phosphorus is concentrated in the bones and teeth. It takes part in almost ever metabolic reaction in the body. It is necessary for the conversion of dietary carbohydrates and fats and proteins to energy. Phosphorus deficiencies are extremely rare. However, alcoholics and patients with kidney or liver disorders may have difficulty absorbing phosphorus. Symptoms include weakness, loss of appetite, bone pain, joint stiffness, irritability, numbness, speech disorders, tremors, and mental confusion. High levels of phosphorus lead to calcium deficiency. Excess phosphorus intake can also prevent absorption of iron, magnesium and zinc, and decrease vitamin D levels, which may increase the risk of bone disorders and cancer.
Magnesium (Mg)
Magnesium is responsible for many bodily functions. It is needed for bone, protein and fatty acid formation; the creation of new cells; the activation of B vitamins; relaxing muscles; clotting blood; proper function of the immune system, and the formation of ATP. Insulin secretion and function also require magnesium. While magnesium deficiency is rare, diabetics, people who routinely take laxatives or diuretics, and alcoholics are at a greater risk for becoming deficient. Toxicity from increased magnesium intake is rare, because the body usually eliminates excess amounts. It results in decreased calcium absorption.
The Term Paper on Bone Tissue
1. Describe bone tissue and the role each component plays in bone physiology and remodeling. What is the difference between compact and spongy bone? (2 points) Spongy bone looks like a sponge hence the name and contains a lot of red bone marrow (medulla ossium rubra). Red bone marrow is what produces red blood cells. Compact bones which consists of medulla ossium flava or yellow bone marrow, is ...
Potassium (K)
Potassium is an essential mineral that is involved in both electrical and cellular functions. It’s an important factor in the regulation of water balance., acid-base levels and blood pressure. It plays a vital role in the transmission of nerve impulses and the building of muscle tissue. It is also required for carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Moderate potassium deficiency can result in a variety of conditions, including hypertension, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, depression and fatigue. Excess potassium intake can cause a condition called hyperkalemia. Symptoms include weakness, irregular heartbeat, a slow or absent pulse, paralysis, kidney failure and in extreme cases, respiratory arrest.
Sulfur (S)
The mineral sulfur plays a vital role in the body. As an individual element, it makes up and important part the proteins responsible for the formation of hair, muscles and skin. It is also a component of bones, teeth and collagen. It is also an important ingredient in insulin, the substance used to regulate blood sugar. In terms of metabolic processes, sulfur contributes to the digestion and absorption of fat, because it is needed to help make bile acids. It is also necessary for synthesizing collagen, and is required for the metabolism of several vitamins, including thiamine, biotin and pantothenic acid. Many health experts claim that a sulfur-containing supplement known as methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) can treat a wide variety of disorders. To date, these claims remain unsubstantiated. Sulfur deficiencies have yet to be thoroughly documented. A study in the 1930s found that patients with arthritis appeared to have low-levels of sulfur, but no definitive link has been established. Protein-deficient diets and use of tobacco may lead to sulfur deficiency, but since most Western diets are high protein, they probably supply an adequate amount of sulfur.
Sodium (Na)
Sodium is one of the most abundant elements in nature. It is usually seen in combination with one or more elements and is chemically very active. About half of the sodium found in the body is In soft tissues. Sodium plays an essential role in the regulation of blood pressure and blood volume. It also assists with proper muscle contraction and the transmission of nerve impulses. Sodium deficiency can be attributed to starvation, vomiting, extreme sweating, or any condition with excessive fluid loss. Symptoms of sodium deficiency include weight loss, short attention span, heart palpitation, and muscle weakness. Deficiency can also cause a buildup of acids in the body, which can lead to arthritis, rheumatism and neuralgia. Excessive sodium intake can cause a loss of potassium in the urine, leading to potassium deficiency. Symptoms of excess sodium include edema, dizziness, and swelling of the legs and face. Excessive salt intake has also been linked to hypertension, and diets high in sodium increase the likelihood of liver, heart and kidney disease.
The Essay on Iron Deficiency Anemia Diet Disease Absorption
Disease Related to Nutrition Paper The purpose of this paper is to define the disease called Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA). In this paper I will discuss the disease effect and their actions. The casual factors, the populations are susceptible to this disease. The role of diet used in the prevention, the diet used in the management of the disease, and if there is a cure for this disease will diet be ...
Chlorine (Cl)
This element has major electrolytes of blood and extracellular and intercellular fluid. It is required for maintenance of pH and osmotic balance.
Iron (Fe)
This element is an important trace mineral found in ever cell of the body, usually in combination with protein. Depending on the level of iron in the body, it can act as either an antioxidant, or it can stimulate the formation of free radicals. Iron is an essential nutrient because it is a vital part of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all body cells. Iron is also essential to the formation of hemoglobin and myoglobin, which carries the oxygen in the blood and muscles. It makes up part of many proteins and enzymes in the body. iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. It occurs in the form of iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency and anemia can occur during periods of rapid growth, during pregnancy, and among women who are menstruating more than usual. It can be associated with any type of intestinal loss of blood, frequent donation of blood, or from the inability to absorb iron efficiently. Initial symptoms of iron deficiency anemia are fatigue and lack of energy. Iron toxicity rarely develops from an increased intake of dietary iron alone; however, increased intake of iron supplements may lead to toxicity.
Zinc (Zn)
This element is second only to iron in terms of its concentration in the body. It plays an important role in the proper functioning of the body’s immune system. Several studies have shown that zinc lozenges shorten the duration of cold symptoms in adults. Zinc is required for a number of activities related to cell reproduction and wound healing. It has also been linked to improvements in one’s senses of smell and taste, and is involved in the body’s ability to metabolize carbohydrates for energy consumption. Symptoms associated with zinc deficiency include slow or impaired growth, decreased resistance to infections, slower wound healing and loss of hair. The senses and smell and taste an also be impaired by low zinc levels. Taking large amounts of zinc supplements, seventy or more times the recommended daily allowance, may cause nausea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting within 3-10 hours after taking the supplements. These symptoms can be reversed or diminished by discontinuing supplement use.
The Term Paper on Body Modification – Deviance in Society
The last decade has seen a dramatic rise in spectacular forms of body modification, including the tattoo renaissance and the phenomena of body piercing, the emergence of neo-tribal practices like scarification and the invention of new, high-tech forms of body art like sub-dermal implants. Therefore, body modification practices have proven to be an interesting field of study for sociologists ...
