When the English were colonizing North America, they brought with them their laws. Being from the British Common Law system, the settlers understood how that system worked, so they modeled their own government using Common Law. In the 18th century, when the Union was formed and the colonies became states, they kept their Common Law governments. However, the Articles of Confederation set forth to establish one supreme court, being the federal court. Article III of the U.S. Constitution states: ‘The judicial Power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.’ As a result of the Constitution and the forming of the Federal Court, the powers were divided between the state and central government. There are fifty-one separate systems of courts, one for each state and another for the federal government. Hence the term “dual court system”.
The federal court system includes: the U.S. Supreme Court; the U.S. courts of appeal; the U.S. district court; and courts of special jurisdiction. The U.S. Supreme Court, established in 1789, is the highest judicial body and final court of appeal in the United States. Its nine members include one chief justice and eight associate justices who are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. The Supreme Court is responsible for explaining the U.S. Constitution and making sure that federal and state laws comply with its articles and amendments. It is based in the Supreme Court Building in Washington, D.C. In addition to the nine members, there are also court officers to assist the court in its performance. The other members are; Counselor to the Chief Justice, the Clerk, the Librarian, the Marshal, the Reporter of Decisions, the Court Counsel, the Curator, the Director of Information.
The Essay on Impact Of U. S. Federal And State Compliance Laws
Impact of U. S. Federal and State Compliance Laws I would change the administrative passwords on all systems routinely, implement a firewall program with remote access control which will not allow, hackers entry to your company’s system. Without passwords being assigned to data and systems, this simply protection becomes a target for hackers. Identity theft occurs in some of the largest companies ...
Within the American Criminal Justice System there are two types of courts; the state court which is a state judicial structure. The state court consist of three main levels: trial court, appellate court, and state supreme court; then the federal court system which is a three-tiered structure involving the comprising U.S. district court, U.S. courts of appeal, and the U.S. Supreme Court. Our text suggests, “This dual-court system is the result of general agreement among the nation’s founders about the need for individual states to retain significant legislative authority and judicial autonomy separate from federal control” (Schmalleger,(2011)pp.300-301).
However, this dual court system does not intertwine its process, meaning the state court does not get involves with federal law issues, and the federal court does not get involved with state law issues “unless there is a conflict between local or state statutes and federal constitutional guarantees ”(Schmalleger,(2011)p.302).
Additionally, the state court systems historical development stems from as early as 1629 when the Massachusetts Bay Colony created the first General Court. The governor, his deputy, 18 assistants, and 118 elected officials were directly involved in the composition. This General court was a combination of a court and a legislature which made laws, held trials, and imposed sentences. By 1639, as the colony grew individual county courts were established, and later the General courts primary job was to take on hearing appeals. “Whereas state courts evolved from early colonial arrangements, federal courts were created by the U.S. Constitution.”
The Term Paper on Mass & Federal System
... VIII deal only with the federal system whereas the XIV incorporates the state and federal systems. One example involving the IV amendment is dealing ... today. Article III of the US Constitution outlines the federal court system. This is a very important article since judges ... security and unemployment taxes. The court decided that they fit under the provision of "general welfare". Therefore the taxes ...
