Management objectives as well as the ways in which enterprises are managed in order to attain these objectives and the human resource management (HRM) and industrial relations (IR) initiatives are affected by pressures, among which are exerted by globalization. Changes in IR practices instead of in institutions and systems including the increase in collective bargaining at the enterprise level, changes in employment forms, working time and work functions are now evolving because of such factors as increase in competition, rapid changes in products and processes and the importance of skills and productivity.
In the same manner, these factors have led to a substantial amount of influence on HRM policies and practices. Convergence and Divergence in HRM Practices One thing that can be readily seen from in managing change on a global scope are the important elements such as the involvement of the employees, greater customer orientation, ensuring that employees’ skills are appropriate to the production and the services are acceptable to the global market. Thus, in all these, managing people so that they are motivated properly now becomes an important agenda of HRM.
Included in the implications and consequences of globalization are: (De Silva).
1. In this set up, nations become more economically interdependent than before, especially in the light of foreign direct investment interlocking economies, and that of an increase in free trade. The inability of economies to be ‘self-sufficient’ can now be a cause for the breakdown of investment and trade barriers. 2. Governments are now becoming less able to control capital flow, information and technology across borders.
The Research paper on Ajax Minerals And Perriers Change Manage
Change is a modus operandi which requires comprehensive, strategic preparation. It is an adverse event which leads to a state of uncertainty and apprehension. Organizational presence has an accompanying nascence that creates resistance to any change that has the capacity to impact the working conditions. The reasons of the failure in Change Management process are variable. The gap between the ...
3. There has been de-regulation of financial markets, as well as the integration of markets for goods, services and capital. 4. There is now a de-nationalization of enterprises because of more global companies and global webs. 5. Quality is now the dictating factor in the production of goods and services which can be acceptable to the global market as well as the convergence of customer tastes across borders. 6. Competition is the key factor in attracting investment, goods and services.
This requires high quality skills at all levels in order to attract high value-added activities which are distinct from cheap labour low value-added ones, and improvements in productivity. In effect, enterprises that are driven by market pressures must include the ability to change and to respond rapidly to market needs and demands. Thus, effective and efficient HRM is important in achieving these goals. More and more, HRM managers are seeing that improved quality and productivity which are directly linked to motivation can be done through training, employee involvement and extrinsic and intrinsic rewards.
(De Silva).
The onset of the tremendous geographic, economic and sociological changes brought about by the globalization makes the concept more appealing and interesting to encapsulate in one framework or analysis. Such framework is often referred to as a paradigm which is in essence, means a general view of the whole as a means of understanding and explanation. Presently, there has been a great debate in the international circles whether the effects or the implications of globalization is good or bad. This query oversimplifies the matter, of course.
However, the issue of globalization and our collective understanding and reactions to it shall ultimately define the general frame by which we define its advantages and disadvantages or good and bad effects, so to speak. As a term, globalization means different things to different people. To some, it is a purely economic trend, the result of the market system unleashed on a worldwide scale, a century-long process that has now been vastly accelerated by the fall of Communism and the relaxation of other restrictive economic practices. (Baha’I International, 1997)
The Essay on Effects of Global Warming
Throughout the past century there has been a considerable increase in the average temperature on earth. This average rise of temperature is called global warming. It is caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Almost 100% of the observed temperature increase over the last 50 years has been due to the increase of greenhouse gas concentrations like water vapour, carbon ...
To some others, globalization defines the ever widening process of international interchange and interconnection that can be witnessed in so many aspects of life, whether it is in arts and culture such as world music with distinct melodies and rhythms, political events, social missions, or the realization that there are suddenly many more foreign faces and accents in your country or place of origin than before. (Ibid. ) Critics say that the chaotic manner in which market forces have scaled up to the global level has a destructive effect that treats workers harshly, makes the poor poorer and the rich richer, and destroys the environment.
They say that its side effects are equally frightening, ranging from the spread of AIDS and drug abuse to the creation of a world monoculture that destroys local traditions and squelches diversity. Globalization, which is a consequence of increased human mobility, enhanced communications, greatly increased trade and capital flows, and technological developments, opens new opportunities for sustained economic growth and development of the world economy, particularly in developing countries.
Globalization also permits countries to share experiences and to learn from one another’s achievements and difficulties, and promotes a cross-fertilization of ideals, cultural values and aspirations. At the same time, the rapid processes of change and adjustment have been accompanied by intensified poverty, unemployment and social disintegration. Threats to human well-being, such as environmental risks, have also been globalized. (Ibid. )
Both of these points that globalization is inevitable. In all accounts, there is an agreement that globalization means unification, the flattening or the leveling of culture. Rather, contrary to the perceived dangers of globalization, regionalism, postmodern fragmentation, localism, the questions about and the formations of identity and community, and the contrasts or delimitations of these notions and acts have remained social, political, economic, etc. , factors.
The Essay on Third World Countries
World' Countries today? Who should be held responsible for these problems? Why? What has Canada done to help 'Third World Countries'? There has always been a dominant country in the world that sets the economic standard throughout powerful countries. Canada has always been a top rated economic country, usually behind the United States and other large Commonwealth countries. Starting back in the ...
