This paper will show that many of her most popular beliefs are not only detrimental to society, but also not in the best interests of women. In letters from a war zone, Andrea Dworkin presents a collection of speeches and short articles she has composed during her career as a writer and activist. Many of her articles deal with censorship and pornography. One claim is central to all of these, pornography is an act and not an idea, thus censorship is not relevant to it. In response to a New York Time Review of her 1981 book, Pornography: Men Possessing Women, Dworkin writes, “Pornography says the women want to be hurt, forced, and abused; pornography says women want to be raped, battered, kidnapped, maimed; pornography says women want to be humiliated, shamed, defamed, pornography says that women say no but mean yes – Yes to violence, yes to pain.” (Dworkin p 203) In response to Dworkin’s fiery rhetoric, Wendy Mcelroy writes that Dworkin has scientific backing and even cites evidence to the contrary.
“In Japan, where pornography depicting violence is widely available, rape is much lower per capita than in the United States, where violence in porn is restricted.” Mcelroy attacks the belief that pornography cause violence, stating that even if a correlation is present, is does not necessarily mean there is a causal relationship. (McElroy 102) Lynne Segal sees in inherent harm in trying to link the two together. She believes that feminists who try to do so are wasting valuable time that could be spent on other important issues. “In the end, anti-pornography campaigns, feminist or not, can only enlist today, as they have before, guilt and anxiety around sex, as well as lifetimes of confusion in our personal experiences of sexual arousal and activity.”In contrast, campaigns which get to the heart of men’s violence and sadism towards women must enlist the widest possible resources to empower socially.” (Gibson 19) Another argument of Dworkin’s is that pornography should not be protected as free speech under the first amendment. It is her contention that protecting what pornographers say, is protecting what pornography does. Pornography is more than words.
The Essay on Rights Of Women Declaration Document Protected
S. S. , Block A Short Answer Essay Questions #3 If you were either a woman or a slave living in the colonies in 1776. Write a paragraph expressing your reaction to the Declaration of Independence. Although the Declaration states, "All men are created equal", did it apply to women? During the writing of the Declaration, there was much dispute over what was included. The rights of women, also, were ...
They are acts against women. “Pornography happens to women.” As a result, bans on such material are warranted, not only because it is harmfully and discriminatory to women, but also because there a reno civil liberties that are violated in preventing an act. (Dworkin 185) Since it is uncertain whether there is even a correlation between violence against women and pornography, any attempt to ban it must be viewed as censorship. What ever it is referred to, it still has the same effect.
In many of Dworkin’s writings, she laments the silencing of women. S heis partially responsible for this silencing. In 1992, The Canadian Supreme Court ruled in favor of a legal restriction on pornography based on the psychological damage it does women. “Ironically, this obscenity law has been used almost exclusively against gay, lesbian, and feminist material.” (McElroy 87) The effect of censorship is absolutely detrimental the weaker voice, ass the case with the Butler decision. Dworkin herself fell victim, when her book, Pornography, was seized by Canadian customs officials. Censorship in contradictory to feminist goals, because freedom of speech is the most powerful weapon in the feminist arsenal.
Medical journals used by medical students, and the testimony of women victimized by sexual abuse are prime targets of censorship. (Strossen 77) An episode involving Dworkin and her cohort in censorship, Catherine MacKinnon, demonstrates the dangers of censorship. At a symposium at A Michigan law school, at which Dworkin and MacKinnon were speaking, a group of feminists had prepared a series of documentaries of the topic of the conference, prostitution. Dworkin refused to speak at the symposium if adversarial speakers were there, so the documentaries were the only voice of opposition to them. When work got out that the documentaries could possibly pornographic, Dworkin and MacKinnon insisted on their removal. When the presenter refused, they coerced the students with threats of leaving, to force the removed of the documentary exhibit.
The Term Paper on Women And Pornography Sexually Explicit Material
A Women? s View on The Positive Benefits Of Pornography. While there are many women who oppose pornography because they think it degrades and demeans women, I believe that there are many women who approve of pornography due to the many positive benefits it has for them such as providing sexual curiosity opportunities and improving couples sexual relationships. In this paper I am going to discuss ...
What had started out as an academic symposium quickly turned into a forum for the exclusive advocacy of Dworkin ideals. Her action epitomized the danger of censorship to society and other feminists, she silenced the weaker voice. (Strossen 211-214) Dworkin’s opinions on pornography are summed up nicely by Wendy McElroy; Pornography is morally wrong; Pornography leads directly to violence against women; Pornography, in and of itself, is violence against women. Five individual allegation are made based of the third point; Women are physically coerced into pornography; Women in porn who have not been coerced have been so traumatized by patriarchy that the cannot give real consent; Capitalism is a system of ‘economic coercion’ that forces women into pornography in order to make a living; Pornography is violence against women who consume it, and thereby re-enforcing their own oppression; Pornography is violence against women, as a class, who must live in fear because of the atmosphere of terror it creates. (Mcelroy 91) The first three allegations deal with coercion.
The first claim is based on a few isolated cases and should not be used to characterize the entire industry. The second allegation is not only arrogant, but degrades women because it undermines a woman’s ability to choose. “If women’s choices are being trashed, why should radical feminists (i. e.
Dworkin) fare better than other women?” This sends a dangerous message that woman lack full capacity to make choices. The third allegation fails in a similar manor as the second. Dworkin draws no line between consent and coercion, and thus she rejects a woman’s right to contract. (McElroy 92-95) The fourth and fifth claim of Dworkin’s are also in contradiction with women’s best interests. The fourth claim completely ignores the possibility that women might actually enjoy pornography without falling victim to it.
The Term Paper on Important Women. Rosa Parks, M.Thatcher (Feminist? Hero? + Quotes with Comments H.Clinton
Rosa Parks: The “mother of the Civil Rights Movement,” Rosa Parks’ refusal to give up her bus seat triggered important change in the United States and became a major moment in American history! “People always say that I didn't give up my seat because I was tired, but that isn't true. I was not tired physically, or no more tired than I usually was at the end of a working day. I was not old, ...
Allowing women access to a means of sexual expression with actual sex grants them increased sexual freedom. The final allegation is based on the notion that,” Women are not individuals, but members of a class with collective interests.” In making this claim, Dworkin must destroy the notion of individuality, and condition unsuitable for not only women, but all humanity. (McElroy 96) Another criticism of Dworkin, is that many of her arguments contain logical inconsistencies or outright contradictions. For one thing, Dworkin wants to validate the experience of women who have be silenced by patriarchy yet refuses to accept the voices of women who participate in pornography. Dworkin also believes that pornography is the bastion of patriarchy, yet conservatives, tradition champion of patriarchy, also crusade against pornography. (McElroy 98) In one of writings of cesarean sections, Dworkin make staunch, graphic, remarks about the topic.
It is laced with information about conspiracies and loaded with vulgarity. Such extreme language may work against the interests of women, because even though a problem might exist, it might be written of by readers due to Dworkin’s ‘hyperbolic harangue.’ (Strossen 196) In general, Dworkin’s writings while claiming to be feminist, are often in direct conflict with mainstream feminist agenda. Many of her views portray women as helpless victim incapable of rational thinking. In her support of censorship, she is also met be harsh resistance from prominent women’s groups such as N. O. W…
Many of her view are seen as harmful to the cause of women’s equality, and in this regard are more dangerous then anti-women’s factions, because it is written under the banner of feminism. (Gibson 118) Andrea Dworkin’s influence has created an environment where free speech and equality are compromised. Though she claims it to be in the best interest of society, this just is not true. Most feminists reject her ideas as counterproductive to their goals.
Her writing are not only detrimental to women, however, everyone is affected. By advocating censorship, she undermines every principle that this country was founded on and every ideal that keeps it unified and free from oppression. Ironically, Dworkin seeks freedom from oppression for women, but in doing so advocates universal oppression for all people, women and men. Works Cited 1.
The Effects Of Pornography
The Effects of Pornography More and more Internet sites are portraying pornography. Playboy.com gets about 5 million hits , or visitors daily. More than 266 new pornography sites are created every day. With the help of technology pornography has become more and more accessible regardless of the age of the viewers. Since pornography never actually makes physical contact with viewers, some might ...
Dworkin, Andrea Letters from a War Zone. Lawrence Hill 1993. 2. McElroy, Wendy A Woman’s Right To Pornography St. Martin Press 19953.
Gibson, Pamela Church and Gibson, Roma Dirty Looks British Film Institute 19934. Strossen, Nadine Defending Pornography Doubleday 1995.
