Under Mexican Law, parties are categorized into eight divisions, including three major political parties and more than five minor parties. Each division is comprised of people with common interest and goals. The political parties of Mexico are organized in ways similar to the United States. Like the United States, Mexico has a multi-party system. The biggest political parties are the PRI, PAN, and the PRD.
The dominating political party is called the Industrial Revolution Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, also known as PRI).
It is part of the Socialist International. It is most perceived as left of center, supporting a mixed economy idea and naturalized industries.
The party was organized as a result of Polutarco Elias Cales’s efforts to stop a violent and long-term struggle for power after the Mexican Revolution, which was a period of political and military conflict. The PRI, under various names, has been in power almost 70 years. All presidents between the end of the revolution and the election of 2000 were representatives from the PRI, or one of it’s variously named predecessors.
After the loss of the Cristero War, another major party, the National Action Party (Partido Accion Nacional, PAN) was born. The party was also looking for peace after the chaos of the Mexican Revolution. It is based on a Christian lifestyle with conservative views and even support from the pope. With it’s right-winged attitude and conservative opinions, this party could be compared to the United States’ Republican Party. But, although, it is currently linked to a conservative stance, it does not consider itself to be a conservative party.
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Like the Republican Party of the United States, National Action Party members fight for anti-abortion laws, advocates free enterprise, reduces taxes and aims for a smaller government.
Some PAN mayors and governors have banned employees from wearing mini-skirts, have been known to use religion to pressure rape victims out of having an abortion, and even banned the use of profanity in public from their employees.
Vicente Fox, a candidate representing the National Action Party in 2000, was fined $20,00 for mixing religion with politics by holding a banner of the Virgin of Guadalupe. Even in a country where 90 percent of the population is Catholic, there is still a strong belief of the separation of church and state.
In 2000, the candidate of the Alliance of Change, a political alliance formed by PAN, received 42.5 percent of the popular vote, and was announced as the president of
Mexico.
In the presidential election of 2006, Felipe Calderon was selected as the PAN candidate, beating his opponents. Calderon will take office December 1, 2006 and serve a six year term as president.
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la revolucion Democratica, PRD) is another major party. They fight for pro-democratic ideas, such as civil rights and liberties, better programs for the poor, and many that resemble the democratic party we have here in the U.S.
This party presently occupies the left-winged politics of Mexico. It was founded on May 5, 1989 by many former PRI members. Although the party was founded only less then 18 years ago, the party has grown to be one of the biggest in Mexico, having a strong electoral presence in central and southern Mexico.
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The party is a combination of many smaller left-winged parties in Mexico including: Partido Comunista Mexicano, Partido Socailista Unificado de Mexico, Partido Mexicano Socailista, and Partido Mexicano de los Trabajadores.
The party had enjoyed a reputation of honesty until “Video Scandals” were linked to the media of party members on camera taking funds and betting in a Los Vegas Casino.
The former mayor of Mexico City, Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, recently represented PRD in the 2006 presidential elections, but did not win the office. The PRD blockading one the Paseo de la Reforma, one of it’s main avenues, to ask for a recount of all votes, stating that there must have been electoral fraud.
It is in some opinions, that this political party has been the victim of political corruption. It’s obvious the other parties (or party) has tried hard not to let the PRD have power. The “Video Scandals”, which are gossiped about being a consipracy, and the miscount of votes during the 2006 election makes you think twice about the state of some political parties in Mexico.
There are many other political parties, besides these three examples, that are alive today in Mexico. These first three parties make-up the major political parties in Mexico. There are still plenty newer or independent parties that don’t seem to get enough attention.
A lesser-known far left-winged party that is just recently getting attention is the Labour Party. (Partido del Trabajo, abbreviated as “PT”) was founded in 1990. It is made-up of various community organizations. The Labour Party allied with the Democratic Revolution Party in 1998. As a result, they won seats of power in the office,
but this is still not yet a major party.
Another minor Mexican political party is the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de Mexico) known as the abbreviation: PVEM. In the general election of 2006, it allied itself with PAN in the “Alliance for Change”. More frequently, though, it has been known to ally with the PRI.
The party’s support has been lost over the years because of accusations of corruption, among other things. It was linked in February 2004 to more “video scandals” of the first leader taking money from two businessmen.
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Since it has been registered, it has been run by one family by the name of Gonzales. The father, Jorge Gonzales Torres, is the one that has been said to be linked to many crimes of taking money in Mexico. The son, Jorge Emilio Gonzales Martinez, a senator, now runs most of the political party’s affairs.
Other political parties of Mexico are: Convergence, the Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party, and the New Alliance.
All the parties mentioned have shaped and molded Mexico’s political system into what it is today. Because of protest of laws, exercise of democracy, and negotiation these parties are all a part of the Mexican law.
