(1) A virtue as described in Websters Dictionary and Thesaurus is integrity, purity, chastity, goodness, rectitude, effectiveness, force, honor, power, efficacy, quality, strength, merit and righteousness. I believe a virtue is a personal trait, which is valued and practiced by the individual. Each individual determines which personal traits, or qualities, they perceive to be virtues. (2) A value as described by Websters Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary is something intrinsically valuable or desirable. I believe values are personal beliefs, which are developed over the course of an individuals lifetime. An individuals values change as they evolve through the different stages of life.
(3) Consequences are both negative and positive. Each action, or decision, has both positive and negative conclusions and these results are the consequences. The utilitarian ethicist Jeremy Bentham believed the way to reach an agreement was to compare the beneficial and harmful consequences of an action. An example of this belief is Fords Pinto Case. Ford evaluated three different courses of action in this case and it assigned a monetary cost to each action. Ford chose to do nothing since it was the least costly of the three courses of actions.
The problem with this thinking is they decided this case on the consequences that would affect them. They did not take into consideration the consequences on the consumer. Another example of utilitarian thinking is the Caltex case in South Africa. Caltex said that they did not support apartheid, but their company provided petroleum to the South African government. The South African government relied on the petroleum for 25% of its energy needs. Caltex said if it pulled out of the country the black workers at their facilities would suffer.
The Term Paper on Affirmative Action – The Supply Side
Affirmative Action - The Supply Side Affirmative action, is it still needed in this day and age? Has it accomplished what it was supposed to? Many people say that if America concentrated on programs that provided assistance to the most needy then they would have the opportunities that affirmative action is trying to provide. By going into the ghettos of our cities and stimulating business, ...
The consequences of their decision would have both negative and positive results. (4) A right is an individuals entitlement to something. A responsibility is a moral, legal or personal accountability. (5) To have a responsibility is to have a personal interest in the destiny of whatever it is you are responsible for. The resulting consequences of your responsibility will personally effect the individual. (6) The strength of the virtues and Values framework is it identifies desirable traits and practices, the weakness of the framework is that it does not provide guidance on how individuals must act.
(7) The strength of the consequences framework is that it provides a process for evaluating all the possible outcomes of a particular situation and then determining an action. One problem with the consequences framework is measuring the consequences another problem with this framework is that not all parties are involved in assigning a cost to the consequence. (8) The strength of the rights and responsibility framework is that it enables the individual to choose freely whether to pursue certain interests or activities and protects those choices. The major difficulty with the rights and responsibility framework is that one persons rights and responsibilities might violate or impede another persons rights and responsibilities. (9) The four basic skills are identifying stakeholders, analyzing both sides of the issue, generating management actions and ethically evaluating the action. SAGE.
(10) A stakeholder moral analysis identifies everyone that is affected by an issue. This device is used to identify the consequences of a management action by determining how the stakeholders will be affected. (11) The ethic of care is an ethic that emphasizes caring for the concrete well being of those near to us. The weaknesses of this theory are that it can lead to unjust favoritism and that its demand on people can lead to burnout. The strength of this theory is it forces us to focus on the moral value of being partial toward those concrete persons with whom we have special and valuable relationships. (12) Rawls two principles are as follows: (1) each person has an equal right to the most extensive basic liberties compatible with similar liberties for all.
The Essay on Community Responsibilities Make Decisions
Do you believe that our community should have leaders, or do you believe that everybody should be truly equal in our environment? The United States is living in an environment where there is a small group of leaders that make decisions for everyone else. When you hear somebody say they are going to make decisions for you, you might be thinking you would have to tale that decision no matter what. ...
(2) Social and economic inequalities are arranged so that they are both to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged persons, and attached to offices and positions open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity. These principles organize the Value, Consequences and Rights/Responsibilities (VCR) by identifying the privileged and underprivileged as stakeholders in the decision making process. (13) Discrimination is treating people unfairly based on their sex, religion or ethnic background. It is illegal to discriminate when hiring employees, selling real-estate or bar peoples access to institutions. Affirmative action leads to an efficient use of human resources and supports basic human rights. Affirmative action, in some cases, prohibits people from exercising the ethics of care. (14) Whistle blowing is the act of disclosing wrongdoing by an organization of which you are a member or former member. Roger weighed the consequences of his action, or inaction, based on the issue at hand.
Roger tried to stop the launch of the space shuttle knowing that an accident was imminent. After the accident Roger testified against his company and was subsequently fired. Although Roger was morally responsible and legally justified in his actions his company and the rest of the industry discriminated him against. The general public respects a whistle blower, but businesses punish them. (15) A manager must be able to reason ethical issues because he is faced with them on a daily basis. When manager makes decisions he must be able to use the SAGE decision making process in order to make the right decision for the company. A manager must be able to answer a direct question from an employee to justify some decisions.
A manager must be ethical in order to gain the respect of his employees.
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The Term Paper on Country Manager Managers People Employees
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs connected with people's employees in their work and in management Composition 1010/53 Ms. L. WazirLisa Jirkovsky 21. November 2004 TABLE OF CONTENT 1 Introduction 32 Motivation 42. 1 Role of Managers in Motivating Employees 42. 2 Employee Motivation 63 Abraham Maslow 84 Hierarchy of Needs 9' 9 Physiological needs 104. 1 Safety needs 114. 1. 1 sexual harassment 114. 2 ...
