Unemployment, leads to crime, drug abuse especially Opium, this drug is not made in China, the son of Kangxi had decided that they would not make opium illegal, but they had forbid its use in non-medical use. 3. Bad Weather, it is not the people’s fault but it is important given that if the government do not spend money to develop farming they have a bad time, but if the money only goes to the people in the government it is very bad. Trade Surplus, inflow silver, through the 18th Century it imports more silver than what it exports * Low Taxes, no one was able to raise * Adopted Chinese ways * Emperors’ long lives Until 1784 with the White Lotus Rebellion, there was no rebellion. There is a productivity ceiling in pre-modern China, and with overpopulation a problem comes when they don’t have enough food for everyone. But you can get out of it by increasing the productivity and this leads to industrialization.
During the 1780, 90 around the 1800 the first famines arrived and in the 1780’s the environment went crazy and the conditions were very bad at that time. TERMS TO KNOW * Lay-Osborn Flotilla * Wengxiang * Robert Hart + Imperial Maritime Customs * Prince Gong * Tongzhi * Zeng Guofang * Li Hongzhong * Zuo Zongtang * Zongli Yamen * Heshen A benevolent emperor must not poison its people and opium is poison. Opium leads to: * Outflow of Silver * Economic Distortions * Corruption There is a lot of bribery since the Chinese merchants took bribes from the British merchants in order to get the product in China illegally.
The Term Paper on Opium In China
While most of the Western Hemisphere was undergoing drastic advancements, such as former colonies gaining their independence and transforming into more modernized nations, a lot of mishaps were occurring in the Eastern Hemisphere—China, specifically—a nation that was notorious for its isolation from foreign influences. European nations began to greedily eye China’s abundance of desirable ...
There is inflation, due to the concentration of a lot of silver in a single place (Guangdong Province) and the low amounts of silver everywhere else, at the same time of the Malthusian trap, so there is a lot of unemployment with inflation. Both sugar and tobacco were developed by the British and the Caribbean, with no help from slaves there is no way to get these resources. 18th Century trade focuses on: silk, porcelain, tea, tobacco, and sugar. The emperor has a discussion about opium and the opinions are to open the market and legalize it and the other one is to have a drug war.
He is a moral person, he does not want drugs and the war is decided. During the dispute in Beijing about legalizing it or not the British find out and think legalization will happen and the British pay a lot of money in briberies in order to sell as much as they can in the little time they have since the prices will go down if the market legalizes. But the emperor goes and gets rid of the piled opium they burned the opium and throw it to the sea. The Chinese do not have iron clammed steam ships or even steam ships, and the British send ten thousand men (10000) and also 12 ships, 4 steam ones and 8 normal ones.
The Chinese have Junks (name of the ships), the advantage of these ships is that they do not depend on the current or the wind. In artillery, the British have better rifles able to shoot much further and effectively than the Chinese. Traffic in the Pearl River can be stopped, and the Chinese cannot touch the British. They decide to put an end to it, they go all the way to Nanjing and bomb it away and then block the Grand Canal. The Chinese are not prepared for this and then asked a treaty for peace, and by the Second Opium War the Chinese did not change anything so it was useless to buy time.
The British are tired of the Canton System and wanted to open more ports to increase the trade. The Chinese believe in collective guilt rather than the individual guilt, everyone around you has responsibility to make you do things properly. It is a different concept of Justice, and another way of war is the extraterritoriality. In the Second Opium War, the French join in because they had interest in acquiring territory in Asia, especially Vietnam. The British and Americans believed that they were part of the Superior Civilization because they were Christians and spreading christianism becomes an excuse for Imperialism.
The Essay on The Opium War
The Opium War, also called the Anglo-Chinese War, was the most humiliating defeat China ever suffered. In European history, it is perhaps the most sordid, base, and vicious event in European history, possibly, just possibly, overshadowed by the excesses of the Third Reich in the twentieth century. By the 1830’s, the English had become the major drug-trafficking criminal organization in the world; ...
The French wanted to receive recognition in Indo-China. Unequal Treaties, they are not only unfair but rather they are unequal since China’s sovereignty is inferior to Britain’s sovereignty. They denied Chinese Sovereignty, Chinese were not allowed to dismiss British sovereignty but the British are allowed to dismiss Chinese Sovereignty. Concessions, small bits of land where the foreigners make the law, it is within Chinese territory. The Chinese government is responsible for anything that happens to foreigners in China, and it ends the Chinese economic sovereignty.
The Reforms is their way to go around it, and they are trying to deal with these problems. PROBLEMS BEFORE THE OPIUM WARS * Malthusian Trap * Corruption * Silver Outflow, inflation-imbalance * Opium * Unemployment If your job is to protect the country and you cannot do it you are in trouble AFTER THE OPIUM WARS * Military impotence, they lost very badly and cannot defend China anymore against these barbarians and as a consequence of the opium wars and all the other problems, there are * Major rebellions: Taiping, about 50 million people died, and occupied Nanjing; Nian, in Shandong Province; Muslim Rebellions.
Corrupt Ineffective Divided Corrupt Ineffective Divided All of these rebellions are given at the same time and at the time of the wars there were not only external enemies but also internal. When Tongzhi happens they are at the * Leadership, There is no emperor on the throne that is adult, educated, forceful, and can give orders to people, they have Cixi a woman who tries to use all her power to put everyone against each other rather than on her * Foreigners in China, disrupt the feng shui especially with the building of churches and railways.
After the treaties of Tianjin and Nanjing the Most Favored Nation Clause gives a really hard time to the Chinese. * Missionaries, a lot of Chinese convert because they get advantages from the missionaries and they are kind of protected against the Chinese authorities. The nuns are very good nurses and work on orphanages; they saved souls by paying people to bring them the babies in order to baptize them but if they die the people think that they are doing weird stuff to them and then when people confess they think that sexual trade is happening and all sort of weird stuff like burying people behind buildings, etc.
The Essay on Tibetan Genocide Tibet Chinese People
For 48 years, China has occupied Tibet. In Tibet's history, there has been over 17 percent of the Tibetan people killed, and 6, 000 monasteries ruined. For starters, Tibet was never part of China. During the first few years when China was in control of Tibet, the Chinese declared that Tibet should be part of China, because an Emperor of Tibet once married a Chinese princess. Years later, the ...
These very strange traditions or customs lead to a lot of problems and a lot of people is killed, and the Chinese government is responsible for these killings happening so they have to pay which just leads into more money going out. * Financial Straight Jacket, compensations asked from the Chinese to pay to the British and they cannot pay immediately therefore there has to be some way to pay it so they pay over a period of time, but the taxes keep going up. The financial situation becomes desperate and they have to pay for all the indemnities. The rebellions cost a lot of money since you had to pay people to keep them fighting.
