Introduction: This lab was designed so that we, the students, could learn how to determine the molar volume of a gas effectively. Method: The first step that we took to accomplish our goal was to put on our safety goggles and choose a lab station to work at. We received one 400 ml beaker, one polyethylene pipet, two test tubes with hole rubber stoppers, two small pieces of magnesium (Mg), one thermometer and a vial of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
We took the 400 ml beaker and filled it about 2/3 full of water (H 20) that was 18 OC.
Then we measured our pieces of Mg at 1. 5 cm and determined that their mass was 1. 36 10-2 g. We filled the pipet 2/3 full of HCl and poured it into one of the test tubes.
Then, we covered the HCl with just enough H 2 O so that no H 2 O would be displaced when the stopper was inserted. After inserting the stopper, we placed the Mg strip into the hole, inverted the test tube and placed it in the 400 ml beaker. HCl is heavier than H 2 O, so it floated from the tube, into the bottom of the beaker, reacting with the Mg along the way to produce hydrogen gas (H 2).
We then measured the volume of the H 2, cleaned up our equipment and performed the experiment a second time. Results: The formula for reducing the volume of the H 2 to STP in trial 1: P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 766.
0 mm Hg 14. 5 ml = 760 mm Hg x T 1 T 2 291 K 273 K X = 13. 71 ml The equation for finding the molar volume in trial 1 with conversion to Liters: Volume of H 2 in STP 13. 71 ml 1 L Moles of Mg used 5.
The Essay on Test Tube Water Thermometer Wire
Question: What is the solubility curve of KNO 3 Prediction: Draw a sketch to show the shape of the curve you expect for the solubility of a typical solid dissolving in water at different temperatures. Plot solubility on the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis. Materials: Large test tube Balance Stirring wire Two-hole stopper to fit the test tube, with a thermometer inserted into one hole 400 mL ...
6 10-5 moles 1000 ml Molar Volume in trial 1 = 24. 48 L/mole When the Mg interacted with the HCl, we observed a bubbling reaction. Discussion: The molar volume of the H 2 in our experiment is very close to the theoretical molar volume, but I think that the deviation lies in the temperature of the H 2 O: in the first trial it is too high and in the second one to low. If I were to do the lab again I would change the temperature of the H 2 O and try to achieve the theoretical molar volume.
In addition, this lab assumes that the ideal gas law is in place, so that skewed the results as well. The equations for determining the molar volume were extremely difficult for me and the first time I went through the lab I calculated a 93% and 78% error for trials 1 and 2 respectively. I realized that the 1. 36 10-2 should be 1. 36 10-3.
After discovering this, I corrected it and came up with the much more reasonable percentage error.
Bibliography:
Chemistry In Microscale. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.
