I is a rarity in that it follows almost every rule of sonata-allegro form to a ?T.? I consider this a most striking find, since there really wasn?t anything called sonata-allegro form in the classical era. It just happened to be that music was very set in ratio now that we look back on it. Mozart wrote this piece in 1775 when he was just 19 years old, and it was his second piano sonata (as the title suggests).
The exposition starts out in F Major with a small two measure introduction, followed by Group 1 material. This is important because he uses the 16th note idea later in transitions between groups as well as the development. The first transition uses triplets as a means to modulate to C Major by using secondary dominants. It is also worth noting that the transitions between groups are exceptionally long. I believe this is to make up for the surprisingly short development section later in the piece. Group 2 comes into view, being in C Major for the rest of the exposition and by expounding on the 16th note idea. The Group 2 motive of quarter note triad followed by 16th note runs come back in the development. The next transition uses triplets again, but in a different fashion. He cuts the first note of every bar in the right hand while the left hand goes chromatically from E to A in place of the cut triplet notes. This small idea comes back briefly in the development. The next section is hard to describe. Some might say it is the closing theme, while others might say it is a precursor to the closing theme. I tend to think the latter. He could have ended it from the second transition to the little three bar closing theme just fine. I think he just added the precursor as a little fluff.
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The development is rather short (only 26 measures).
The first group in the development briefly brings back the triplets with the first note of the each bar missing but in the left hand. The right hand is doing this little dotted 8th note to a 16th note pattern that didn?t appear in the exposition, nor does it return in the recapitulation. It is unique to this section alone. The next group uses the quarter note triad followed by 16th notes motive. Secondary dominants are the function of that group. The next group is only five measures long, which I consider a transition to the recapitulation. It uses a triplet figure that is vaguely reminiscent of the first transition of the exposition for two measures, then the actual transition from A Major back to the original key.
The recapitulation is almost the same as the exposition. Group 1is exactly the same. The first transition is the same except for two measures (m 101 and 103).
Group 2 is the same except it is still in F Major. It stays in F Major for the rest of the piece, but where it goes to the next transition (to the triplet figure with the first note missing), Mozart expands on this quarter note triad / 16th note figure by compressing all of the action into six measures, leaving no whole measure rests in either hand. The rest of the piece is exactly the same as it was in the exposition except that it is in F Major.
As I said in the first paragraph, this piece follows the sonata-allegro form exceptionally well. Most of his sonatas have many exceptions to the form, but this one is a rarity.
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