Howard Gardner – American Harvard Lecturer Intelligence is the ability to solve problems or fashion products that are of consequence in particular cultural setting or community.’ (Gardner, Korn haber and Wake 1996 p 203).
Intelligence = Potential. Wide spectrum of intelligences. 1. Logical – Mathematical 2. Linguistic 3.
Musical 4. Spatial – sense of direction 5. Bodily – Kinaesthetic 6. Interpersonal – between people 7. Intra personal – knowing self 8. Naturalist – intelligent with environment Evidence for MI – Brain-damaged people.
Individuals who were once ‘normal’ display a breakdown on capacity in one area of functioning. – Savants. These are individuals who score low on IQ tests but who display a remarkable ability for a particular skill. – Prodigies. These are individuals who posses remarkable skills in certain areas and yet are unexceptional in other areas.
– Experimental psychology. Some abilities operate independently and this has been shown from studies. – Psychometric findings. The autonomy of the seven intelligences is further demonstrated by the lack of correlation between similar IQ scores and scores on tests for specific MI fields. – Evolution. The ways in which certain attributes develop naturally, e.
g. language whilst other abilities do not go beyond the initial stage. E. g. mathematical ability.
Crit isms of MI – Psychology does not observe intelligence as a monolithic structure. A supporter of IQ would state that IQ is not meant to reflect the range of human abilities rather it represents a sample of intellectual performance. – MI confuses intelligence, personality and areas of special ability. – Social considerations have motivated MI theory more than scientific considerations. Society values some skills more than others therefore they are more likely to be deemed to be indicators of intelligence. – The seven areas are not entirely autonomous; degrees of correlation have been uncovered.
The Essay on Exploring And Developing Content Area Knowledge And Skills
The English Language Arts (ELA) standards define what students should know about language and be able to do with language. The ultimate purpose of the ELA Common Core Georgia Performance Standards (CCGPS) is to ensure that all students are offered the opportunities, encouragement, and vision to develop the language skills they need to pursue life’s goals, including personal enrichment and ...
– If MI’s are truly autonomous then there must be an overarching processing centre or executive function. – On the application front, which has mainly been education, MI theory has been criticised for not giving concrete examples as to how the theory can be applied in an education setting.
