Through theories nursing have been renewed and taken to another level. Nursing theorist such as Dorothy Orem, Betty Neuman, Myra Levine and others have made an invaluable impact in nursing. Florence Nightengale who is a much known theorist in the nursing field has made impressive improvement in healthcare and in nursing including the importance of hand hygiene. Betty Neuman was a pioneer in psychiatric health and the neuman system model, this model is to bring stability to individuals who need and/or are receiving nursing care (Meleis 2012).
Nursing theories are divided into four categories starting with the first school of thoughts: needs, the second school of thought is interaction, the third school of thought is outcome, and last but not least the fourth school of thought is caring and becoming. Nursing focus is on the need to improve the care of the patient’s health and wellbeing. Grand Theory Assignment A nurse uses theories everyday in their job. We forget at times how far nursing has come. With the help of the nurses before us we are able to use research and theories to help us in our practice.
In this paper a few of many of the theorist will be discussed and compare. Being a nurse is an important and caring career. Dorothea Orem was a part of the first school of thought needs. “Needs Theorist” provided us with a view of human being that was slightly different but close to the view provided by the biomedical model (Meleis 2012).
The Essay on Quality caring in nursing: applying theory to clinical practice, education, and leadership
Leadership styles Introduction Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was one of the utmost and futurist leaders that the world has ever experienced. His mark is consummate and the weight of his endeavors will be realized by many generations. There are numerous traits that molded Martin Luther King to the universal rights principal during his days. This very leadership proficiency can be ...
She published her theory in 1959. Her focus was to develop a curriculum for practical nurses. The three theories were called Self-Care, Self-Care Deficit, and Self-Care requisites.
The purpose of this theory was to maintain life and to keep the physical and psychic function going, and to maintain the integrity of a person’s function and development with the framework of conditions that are essential for life (Meleis 2012).
Orem thought that the nurse should be able to take care of the patient when they are sick. Today things are more focus on teaching the patient how to interact with the nurse and learn how to maintain a sense of autonomy. Interactions were the next category of theorist.
Theorist in this class looked at nursing care as a human relationship. Ida Orlando theory was based off nursing actions and the nurse patient relationship. After doing her research she found out that nurses were driven by the directions they received from physicians, prescriptions, organizational needs, and not the needs of the patient (Meleis 2012).
Orem believed if nurses provide best care they will see changes for the best. Myra Levine and others were a part of the outcomes class of theorist. These theorists focused on the outcome of nursing care.
Their question was what the focus of nursing was. They thought nursing should have been focused around the human being and the environment. Myra Levine theorist was centered on conservation. Levine, the first images that are conjured are of an integrator who was able to assimilate nursing as a “humanitarian enterprise” with physics, from which she utilized great conservation laws with physiology and adaptation (Meleis 2012).
Levine believed the environment in which one is in helps with the adaptation. She used the internal and external environmental settings.
Throughout the challenges and changes in the environments, the body maintains its integrity through some control mechanisms that lead to autoregulation of the internal environment (Meleis 2012).
The Essay on Types Of Grand Nursing Theorists
... nurses care deeply for their patients, and in return, find meaning every day. After reviewing the four previously mentioned grand nursing theorists, ... of Colorado at Boulder. (Watson Caring Science Institute, 2014) Watson’s caring theory of nursing is based on the concept that ... here are a multitude of grand nursing theorists and theories available to nurses for the use of knowledge and ...
Levine conservation theory was adapted in several settings including the temperature of a newborn baby being put in warmer and compared to a baby put on the chest of his mother. The caring and becoming theories were established in the 1980s. Jean Watson thought the caring for others was the same as caring for self. Watson thought of caring was the way to bring the nurse and patient together.
Care theorists include equally the self reflections of patients and nurses as they transform each other into different and more self-examined human beings (Meleis 2012).
She believed that the act of caring was centered on the healing of the patient. Each of the theorists has made a great impact in the nursing field. We incorporate some of these theories knowingly and unknowingly in our everyday work. I am a firm believer that autonomy is important in the healing of the patients. If patients are able to care for themselves, than this should be a part of their daily routine to help with the healing process.
With that being said I think Jean Watson is most congruent with my personal philosophy of nursing. She too believes in caring for self. She thought the caring for self was to allow human beings to determine and find their own meaning (Meleis 2012).
After reading, discussing, and learning about each theorist they all have made nursing what it is today. Although each theorist brought different ideas to nursing they all centered on the care of the patient and the patient’s family. Today we are able to adapt these theories in all aspect of nursing.
