I have chosen to write about negative music and its effect on human behavior. I will trace the history of this type of music and discuss some studies which point out effects of listening to it. What is negative music? Negative music is music that has a negative effect. One form of negative music is music that is used to express or to stimulate negative emotions. A Viennese classical composer named Arnold Schonberg was the first person to openly create negative music early in the twentieth century.
His music was rejected by European concert attendees of the time and sometimes caused near riots. Based on discords, Schoenberg’s music caused listeners to feel uncomfortable and irritated. However, he became the pivotal composer of the early twentieth century and today he is considered one of the greatest composers of that century. The music ushered in an era of negative music in Western classical music that lasted for over fifty years. His theory was eventually accepted by composers throughout the Western world and was taught in the finest music schools. The result of all this was the incorporation of negative music into TV programs and movies.
Negative music is used to create emotions of suspense, terror, anxiety, and fear. It is the music that accompanies crime programs and horror films. The same kind of music that concert audiences rejected because of the feelings that the music invoked became standard TV fare, and for the very same reasons (5).
The Essay on Music of the 20th Century
In this history of music and arts, every period has its own characteristic style which is associated with the society from which it originated. The period of the 19th and 20th century perceived the two world wars, and had been a period of many changes: advancement in technology, a period of many inventions such as the telephone, television, electronic light, computers, cassette tapes, ...
I never thought about the idea that scary and suspenseful music was a break from the norm. It is obvious though that it changes behavior in people. Just watch a horror flick with a friend.
You will both know when something horrible is going to happen. The learned behavior from the music stimulus ranges from sliding back in your seat, to covering and closing your eyes. The music tells you something bad is coming and you know how to respond to it. Western classical music was the first style of music to incorporate negativity. The next step in the evolution of negative music was its introduction into rock music in the late 1960 s. The first hard rock and heavy metal music was produced by the rock group called Blue Cheer somewhere around 1967.
Their music was angry and had a noticeably heavy beat… At this time, the music of the Rolling Stones, too, became harder and angry, with a negative accent. Many other groups sprang up during this period. In truth, hard drugs, mixed with psychedelics were having an effect. The world was witnessing a new phenomenon: musical groups of young men – opening doors to the psychic world through the use of drugs – were using electrified instruments to bring in a new music that was harmful to the human psyche, destructive, and angry (2).
The turning point for the new music came when the group Led Zeppelin was formed.
As the book “Hammer of the Gods” points out, the members of this group were constantly high on every kind of drug imaginable. When they toured, they vandalized hotel rooms, throwing TV sets and furniture into the streets. Very young girls were tied up and sodomized, group members taking turns, and a photographer from Life magazine, assigned to photograph Led Zeppelin as they toured, was nearly raped by band members in a hotel room. Yet Led Zeppelin became the most popular group of its time. In fact, a whole generation was raised on its music. Throughout the 1970 s, the music of Led Zeppelin was the anthem of American high school kids.
The Term Paper on Virtuoso Music Groups – Is Moxy Fruvous One?
The Game Is To Be Sold Not Tol History of Jazz and Classical Music Upon entering a modern record store, one is confronted with a wide variety of choices in recorded music. These choices not only include a multitude of artists, but also a wide diversity of music categories. These categories run the gamut from easy listening dance music to more complex art music. On the complex side of the scale ...
For many people raised during this period, demeaning the music of Led Zeppelin is a desecration of a most sacred cow (3).
The last three decades of the twentieth century saw negative rock music spread and popularized throughout the entire world. Heavy metal music became an accepted culture and is now almost an ancient music when it is compared with the newer forms of negative music that have since emerged. It is unfortunate and sad to say, but the children of the 1990 s have been spoon-fed on the most negative and insolent music imaginable.
Please consider what is taking place, and who is being affected. If you listen to the radio carefully and use your powers of discernment to gain a sense of the degree of negativity in the music that you hear on the radio and TV today, you will find a great deal of the music that is lacking in positive influence. Pop music has gone down hill so much since its heyday in 1954 that the difference is shocking. In 1954, the songs of the top forty were positive, reinforcing, and romantic. There are some great singers today, but there is also a lot of really inferior, mediocre singers and music that expresses little in the lyrics, and nothing emotionally – except perhaps for anger and hatred. And so many people have gotten used to mediocrity and ugliness in music that it isn’t even noticed anymore (2).
Hard rock, heavy metal, trash metal, hardcore, death metal, gangsta rap, and the like have repeatedly been proven in experiments to have a detrimental effect. David Herrel, a 16 year old at Nansemond River High School, conducted an experiment that sharpened his theory that hard rock taints the brain. Using 72 male lab mice, he separated the mice into 3 groups of 24: a control, classical, and a hard rock group. After weeks of putting them through the same maze at an original average time of 10 minutes, the control group shaved 5 minutes from the beginning time, the classical group knocked 8 minutes off, but the hard rock averaged 30-minute completion time, a considerable difference. The fact that 72 mice were tested makes his results more valid because of the larger sample size. Most noticeably, the hard rock mice did not sniff the air to find the trails of others that came before them.
The Essay on Has Classical Music Influenced Rock Music?
The world of classical music has become little more than a walled in ghetto for music lovers. It can best be described as a niche market in today’s business lexicon. Ghetto in the sense that ghetto dwellers usually stay in their neighborhood, rarely venturing out to interact with their neighbors down the street or around the corner. They tend to stay to themselves, content with their inbreeding, ...
Herrel’s first experiment failed because the mice were not put in separate containers, and the hard rock mice killed each other (4).
Lyrically violent and musically negative songs increase aggression related thoughts and emotions. In a series of five experiments involving over 500 college students, researchers from Iowa State University and the Texas Department of Human Services examined the effects of seven violent songs by seven artists and eight nonviolent songs by seven artists. The students listened to the songs and were given various psychological tasks to measure aggressive thoughts and feelings. One such task involved participants classifying words that can have both aggressive and nonaggressive meanings, such as rock and stick. The study also included songs with humorous lyrics to see how humor interacted with violent song lyrics and aggressive thoughts (1).
Results of the five experiments show that violent songs led to more aggressive interpretations of ambiguously aggressive words, increased the relative speed with which people read aggressive vs. nonaggressive words, and increased the proportion of word fragments (such as h t) that were filled in to make aggressive words (such as hit).
The violent songs increased feelings of hostility without provocation or threat, according to the authors, and this effect was not the result of differences in musical style, specific performing artist or arousal properties of the songs. Even the humorous violent songs increased aggressive thoughts (1).
The violent-song increases in aggressive thoughts and feelings have implications for real world violence, according to lead researcher Craig A. Anderson, Ph.
D. of Iowa State University. ‘Aggressive thoughts can influence perceptions of ongoing social interactions, coloring them with an aggressive tint. Such aggression-biased interpretations can, in turn, instigate a more aggressive response -verbal or physical – than would have been emitted in a non biased state, thus provoking an aggressive escalator y spiral of antisocial exchanges,’ said Dr. Anderson (1).
The Essay on The Role Of Women In The Song Of Roland
The Role of Women in the Song of Roland Women are not mentioned often in the Song of Roland. They appear in only seventeen of almost three hundred laisses. It is because they are included so rarely, however, that the women stand out amidst the throng of male characters and call attention to the areas of the text in which they appear. One of the principle woman characters is Queen Bramimionde, wife ...
The study investigated precursors to aggression rather than aggressive behavior itself. Repeated exposure to violent songs may contribute to the development of an aggressive personality and could indirectly create a more hostile social environment, although the authors say it is possible that the effects of violent songs may last only a fairly short time.’ One major conclusion from this and other research on violent entertainment media is that content matters,’ said Dr. Anderson. ‘This message is important for all consumers, but especially for parents of children and adolescents.’ 1. Anderson, Craig A. , and Nicholas L.
Carnage y, and Janie Eubanks. ‘Exposure to Violent Media: The Effects of Songs With Violent Lyrics on Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings.’ Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84-5 (2003): 26-28 2. “How Music Affects People.” Kuruvinda. 2001. 11/01/04 3. King, P.
“Heavy Metal Music and Drug Abuse in Adolescents.” Postgrad Med. 83 (1988): 295-3024. Mckay, Paul. “Music and Brain.” Ottawa Citizen 18 Nov. 2002: 85. Robertson, Don.
“Arnold Schoenberg: The Father of Negative Music.” Dove Song. 1999. The Dove Song Foundation. 10/29/04.
