To See How The Force Required To Pull A Shoe Depends On The Mass Of The Shoe Objective As part of our Physics course-work we were asked to investigate the force required to pull a shoe whilst increasing the mass of it. We were provided with the relevant apparatus and given the necessary instructions from our teacher. The objective of the experiment was to obtain a set of results from which we would be able to understand the relationship between force and mass and the effect of variables on the same. Apparatus (see diagram 1) 1. Neutron metre 2.
Length of string 3. 2500 g masses 4. 5200 g masses 5. Shoe Purpose Of Preliminary Experiment 1. To see how to load the shoe ie. where to place the masses to ensure the shoe stays in contact with the surface.
2. How to pull the shoe safely. 3. How many masses to use i. e how many fit in the shoe. 4.
The range of masses i. e maximum safe mass. 5. Which forcemetre is suitable.
6. How and where to attach the forcemetre. Method 1. Place the masses inside the shoe and place the shoe on a flat surface; 2. Attach the string onto the neutron-metre and fix the hook on the end to the end of the shoe; 3. Give a controlled tug on the neutron metre.
The measurement scale will move. Carefully observe the measurement scale. Stop pulling when the shoe starts to move and record the pulling force displayed on the measured scale. 4. Add the required masses to the shoe and repeat. Results Of The Preliminary Experiment 1.
The Essay on Mass Determination
Objective: The purpose of this experiment is to see the difference of precision of different balances. When doing experiments we determine the mass my measuring the sample with a balance. There are many kinds of balances that measure to different precisions. This experiment shows the different results that two balances can give. Summary of Procedures Determine the mass with the triple beam scale ...
I will use the range of weights from 200 g – 2 kg. The masses under 200 g made the experiment difficult because only a small force was needed to pull the shoe and consequently it was extremely difficult to read the displayed force on the neutron metre. I found that 200 g was the first measurement that could be read accurate as it required a considerable amount of force. Two kilograms was the maximum weight I could fit inside the shoe, without causing damage to my shoe, and therefore the finishing mass. 2. To ensure the shoe was pulled safely I tied a piece of string to the neutron metre and pulled the string.
3. The forcemetre I used was a 15 N neutron metre as a 13. 7 neutrons was my maximum reading. 4. I attached the forcemetre to the shoe by placing the hook of the neutron metre to the end of the shoe 5. The range of masses used were as follows: – 200 g – 2.
5 N 400 g – 2. 9 N 500 g – 3. 7 N 1000 g – 6. 1 N 1500 g – 8.
9 N 2000 g – 13. 7 N 6. Safety Procedures (i) Make sure the weights are firmly in the shoe so it is not possible for the weights to fall out and cause damage to the surroundings. (ii) Place the shoe in the middle of the table to prevent it from falling off. (iii) Do not force too many weights in the shoe as they may damage the shoe or fall out.
Variables Constant Variables To make this experiment a fair test the following variables must be kept constant throughout the experiment Area of shoe in contact with surface The slope of surface The length of string Type of surface under shoe Thickness of tread of sole of shoe Nature of shoe surface in contact with surface under shoe Changing Variables – The weight of the overall shoe and the force applied to the shoe. Dependent Variable – Pulling force. Independent Variable – Mass of shoe. Prediction Statement: The greater the mass of the shoe, the greater the force required to move the shoe. This is because increasing the mass will increase the friction between the shoe and the bench (this is because the surfaces are being pushed together).
The Essay on Surface Of Liquids Tension Surfaces Forces
During the movie we were able to understand the importance of surface tension in liquids that have open surfaces. Surface tension is a property of liquids that is described as a pulled that exists in liquid surfaces which is uniform in all directions. Surfaces act as if they are in tension; this tension force affects the shape and motion of liquids that have an open surface. The force is between ...
If smooth looking surfaces are examined under a high power microscope, their actual roughness can be seen.
They only touch where their high spots meet. (See fig. 2) The high spots that are touching tend to stick together. The limiting friction is the force needed to separate these high spots.
Once the high spots have been separated a lower force is needed to keep the two surfaces moving. If the normal force is increased the surfaces are squashed together more. The high spots, where the surfaces are in contact, are larger: A greater limiting friction is needed to separate the high spots and a greater dynamic friction is also needed to keep the surfaces sliding.
