Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sport Introduction Performance enhancing drugs in sport is quite a delicate topic. Neither sportsmen nor their trainers like expatiate on this topic. Only when WADA creates a doping scandal, the problem of performance enhancing drug crops up again. However, sportsmen do not like speaking about their vices and scandals disappear as sweepingly and the alarm was raised. Use of performance enhancing drugs in sport shocks nobody. Moreover, numerous sociological polls and surveys confirm that sportsmen are ready to use prohibited drugs to gain a glorious victory and become famous. They are not embarrassed by a perspective to become invalids because of overdose or improper use of doping.
Doping entered the conscience of our society and became the issue of the day. One can claim that use of performance enhancing drugs is a private affair; however, it is not true. The problem is that doping in sport not only ruins lives of people, but undermines the idea of honesty of various sport competitions. In such a way, performance enhancing drugs in sport should not be allowed. Performance Enhancing Drugs Performance Enhancing drugs include various types of pharmacological drugs that enhance motion activity, decrease the feeling of tiredness, and increase aggression and sport results. Use of enhancing drugs also violates adequate response for situation.
In its turn, such side effect can bring to negative consequences, accidents and even death in some kinds of sport. For example, amphetamine and its derivatives have the worst reputation among all performance enhancing drugs due to wide range of problems related to amphetamine use in sport. A sportsman can die even in case he or she uses average doses of drug during the period of maximum physical activity. Therefore, use of amphetamine from medical point of view has no excuse. First fatal case related to use of performance enhancing drugs was registered in 1879 during the cycle racing Bordeaux – Paris. English cyclist Linton died because of overdose of trimethyle. At the beginning of XX century oxygen doping became very popular. Somebody found out that breathing pure oxygen enhances sport productivity and football players started to breathe pure oxygen before the game.
The Essay on Drug Use in Sports
In the article William Moller blames discusses Alex Rodriguez and other athlete’s performance enhancing drug use. He compared the harsh pressure that is forced upon athletes to his own experience in high school that led him to try illegal substances. He stated “I did what I felt was needed to do, to accomplish what was demanded of me” (Moller 547). Moller later goes on to ultimately place blame on ...
At the same time boxers ate ipecacuanha (Psychotria ipecacuanha) or strychnine and mixture of cognac and cocaine. Performance enhancing drug scandals were so regular that sport committees undertook a number of efforts to prohibit doping. World War II also contributed to problem. Before World War II researchers made experiments on use of drugs and tried to create stimulators by guess-work, during World War II the best scientists bended every effort to develop and produce the most effective medicines able to enhance (even if temporary) natural resources of human. In such a way pervitin (methamphetamine hydrochloride) and methedrine appeared. The pilots from Royal British air force, their colleagues from German Luftwaffe, as well as members of elite military sub-units used performance enhancing drugs before completing special tasks.
Russians used a similar drug under the name bromanthane. It seems that use of performance enhancing drugs during military operations is justified by high and noble aim. On contrary, use of doping in sport is quite another matter. However, with the advent of professional sportsmen a psychology of a real war came to the world of sport. Professional sportsmen strived for victory at any price. They were dying to win both in direct and metaphorical sense of this word. Professionals were ready to pay for it by their own health.
In 1955 road racer Malleac lost conscience directly during the race. Urine analysis detected at least five kinds of performance enhancing drugs in his body. One year later the same racer went mad because of overdose of psychical stimulator amphetamine and was placed to lunatic asylum. The black list of doping deaths continued to grow. In 1960 Dutch racing cyclist died during the Olympic Games in Rome. According to experts report, he took an overdose of amphetamine and derivatives of nicotinic acid.
The Term Paper on The Emotion of Sports Performance and Motivation
The field of psychology is increasingly expanding and becoming incorporated into other fields of study. From the study of behavioral economics to the burgeoning field of media psychology (with its emphasis on the effects of advertising, especially on children), literally anything that can be thought of is a possible venue for the probing, empirical analysis of various strains of psychological ...
It was rumored that fatal cocktail was proposed by his trainer. Three more deaths were added to the list: the death of Tony Simpson (also because of amphetamine overdose), boxer Billow Billow (because of heroin), and death of Howard, a silver medalist of Olympic Games of 1960 in Rome (because of heroin overdose).
The very idea of honest Olympic Games and honest sport was undermined. Competitions were hardly considered honest because almost every participant used various kinds of performance enhancing drugs. Unfortunately, the reasons of drug use are stipulated by character of modern sport. Sport became a branch of business. Nowadays victory means not only glory, but easy money. Millions and billions dollars tempt both sportsmen and businessmen.
No wonder that slogan victory at any price is interpreted directly. Sport managers also make their contribution to unhealthy environment concerning use of performance enhancing drugs in sport. They conclude a contract with sportsman and sometimes force him to use enhancing drugs in order to get profit. Sometimes a sportsman is forced to participate in numerous competitions during the year and cannot show good results with no stimulators. Conclusion Use of performance enhancing drugs conflicts with honest sport. The aim of modern society and anti-doping committees is to oppose to these dangerous and menacing tendencies. Scientists should be invited not to invent new enhancing drugs destroying sportsmen but to developing new approaches to the process of training that will allow sportsmen achieving better results and simultaneously decreasing the risk of traumas and death.
Modern sport requires scientific knowledge of training methods instead of use of performance enhancing drugs and to pay a high price for victories and dishonest Olympic records..
The Essay on Sports In Society Peak Performance
Sports in Society Laura Ann Gir aldi Sports in Society Sports Psychology: Self -- Confidence in Sport Activity November 21, 1996 (1) Sports Psychology is one of the most up and coming sciences of the present time. This practice focuses on training athletes to use their mental capacities along with their physical talent to reach what is known as peak performance. Sports Psychologists analyze the ...
