Adhesives are substances that stick to the objects surface such that two surfaces are bonded (Petrie 43).
Similarly, Gooch defined adhesives as substances capable of holding together materials by surface attachments in a functional manner that resists separation, and they include paste, glues, mucilage and cement (19).
This report will discuss the chemistry, properties and industrial uses of adhesives and glues.
Chemistry of adhesives and glues
Adhesives consist of different chemical components which have specific functions inside an adhesive as a well as the main polymer providing the adhesive properties. Moreover, there are other compounds as the fillers and the additives that provide to the adhesives specific properties (Miller 27).
According to Petrie, adhesives are polymers that can be categorised into two major classifications according to the way in which curing and crosslinking reached; physical curing adhesives, chemical curing adhesives (61).
The chemical curing adhesives often reach their cross-link or cured by series of chemical reactions such as polymerization or polycondensation, polyaddition that internally occurs between monomers (Gooch 101).
The composition of such adhesives include the following compounds; monomers, prepolymers, fillers, pigments, and additives (Miller 32).
Petrie pointed out that the base of the chemical curing adhesives is on a series of monomers that chemically react with them to produce structures of polymers with elastomers, thermoplastic or thermosets properties (65).
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The physical curing adhesives contain already formed polymer but needs an energy such as pressure or heat to process the curing and adhesion process. The composition of these adhesives include the following compounds; polymer, fillers, pigments and additives (para 4).
Properties of adhesives and glues
According to Gooch, adhesives and glues have excellent physical, mechanical and chemical properties, and that is the reason of their use in performing joins requiring certain levels of security and strengths (107).
The properties of the adhesives and glues include;
High temperature resistance above 1800c, and for the adhesives that are silicone-based, it can go up to 3000C
High resistance to impact loads and against fractures. For instance, chemical adhesives’ strength can reach about 40MPa such as epoxy adhesives
They have higher elongation before fracture that the cam reach elongation higher to 600% such as the silicone and polyurethane adhesives
Good resistance to environment and moisture especially the chemical curing adhesives. Adhesives are moisture durable and are resistant to strength with exposure to liquid water and high humidity.
The adhesives and glues can wet and spread on the surfaces of the adherents being joined
The mechanical properties of adhesives and glue include resistant to abrasion, flexible and toughened, dimensional stability, and low stress, resistant to vibration, shock and impact.
Adhesives are also chemically resistant, and this enables them to withstand degradation from solvents, diesel fuel and other chemicals.
Industrial uses of adhesives and glues
Adhesives and glues are used in different industrial applications. This also implies that there is a vast range of industrial adhesives for every industrial application, and they range from thread locker adhesives, structural adhesives, and pressure sensitive tape adhesives (Miller 67).Adhesives are designed to be used in industries and also to aid in manufacturing of materials and components. Some of the industrial uses of adhesives as pointed out by Miller (para 4) include:
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1. Metal bonding applications especially the weather tight flexible and elastic adhesives and glues2.Consumer packaging of goods
3. Rapid fixturing of plastics, rubber and Meta substrates in manufacturing operations such as the superglue
4.Lamination5.Lightweight materials bonding
6. School, home and office materials fixing and bonding
Conclusion
In conclusion, the report discussed the chemistry, properties and industrial uses of adhesives and glues. The chemistry of adhesives and glues comprises of different components which has different functions in providing adhesive properties. Moreover, adhesives and glues have diverse properties ranging from mechanical, physical, chemical, and environmental which enables it to be applied in different industrial uses. The industrial usage of adhesives and glues in different industries such as wood work, metal work, transport, schools and homes has been possible because of the diverse properties.
References
Petrie, Edward M. Handbook of Adhesives and Sealants. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007. Print.
Gooch, Jan W. Analysis and Deformulation of Polymeric Materials: Paints, Plastics, Adhesives, and Inks. New York: Plenum Press, 1997. Print.
Miller, Robert S. Adhesives and Glues: How to Choose and Use Them. Columbus, Ohio: Franklin Chemical Industries, 1980. Print.
