UnconsciousmindPsychology Approach Factors that motivate behaviour * He believed that the personality has 3 parts: Id, ego and superego. * The Id, present at birth demands immediate satisfaction and is ruled by the pleasure principle. The id is the irrational, primitive part of personality. * The ego, which develops as a child interacts with the world, is the conscious, rational part. The ego must respond to the constraints of reality (governed by the reality principle), which brings inevitable conflicts with the id. * The superego, which develops during the phallic stage, creates further conflict with the id. The ego has ego defence mechanisms to reduce the anxiety created by conflict. They are unconscious and explain the dynamics of many behaviours. RDDRPS Explanations should include Psyche * ID * Ego * Superego Psychosexual stages * Fixations * Regression Defence mechanisms * RDDRPS Therapies * Dream analysis * Hypnosis * Free association Strengths * Freud’s views have changed the Western view of human nature. It led to recognition of the importance of early childhood experience on later behaviour and the importance of the unconscious mind. Freud’s theory recognises that personality has more than one aspect. It allows for the fact that we can be rational and irrational and that we sometimes predict that we will act in one way but actually do something different. *
The Essay on Organisational Behaviour – Personalities
Organisation : a group of people working towards the same goal. Human Resource Management : a function in organisations designed to maximise employee performance in service of their employer’s strategic objectives. HR is primarily concerned with how people are managed within organisations, focusing on policies and systems. Organisational Behaviour : studies the impact individuals, groups, ...
Psychoanalysis has been helpful in therapy for some abnormal conditions. * Case studies provide in depth detail about a persons life. It is not reductionist as it embraces the complexity of behaviour, they relate to real life. * A number of Neo-Freudians have adopted Freud’s explanation incorporating more social rather than sexual influences. Weaknesses The theory lacks empirical support. It is based on a few case studies of abnormality (white Viennese women) and it is not possible to build a theory of normal development based on a few case studies. * Case studies are unreliable because they contain researcher bias and subjective interpretation. They mostly use the acid test. * It is very determinist. The psychodynamic approach sees childhood behaviour as dependant on innate forces and adult behaviour as dependant on early childhood experience and its effect on the unconscious mind. This allows little/no room for free will. It lacks falsifiability.
It is difficult to prove his theory wrong because his arguments can be made to fit any behaviour. * The main evidence for Freud’s theory consists of correlations between certain childhood experiences and type of adult personality. Correlations cannot prove causes and so these correlations cannot show that adult personality has been caused by childhood experiences. A STORY OF ROBIN HOOD [28] IN the rude days of King Richard and King John there were many great woods in England. The most famous of these was Sherwood forest, where the king often went to hunt deer.
In this forest there lived a band of daring men called outlaws. They had done something that was against the laws of the land, and had been forced to hide themselves in the woods to save their lives. There they spent their time in roaming about among the trees, in hunting the king’s deer, and in robbing rich travelers that came that way. There were nearly a hundred of these outlaws, and their leader was a bold fellow called Robin Hood. They were dressed in suits of green, and armed with bows and arrows; and sometimes they carried long wooden lances and broad-swords, which they knew how to handle well. Whenever they had taken nything, it was brought and laid at the feet of Robin Hood, whom they called their king. He then divided it fairly among them, giving to each man his just share. Robin never allowed his men to harm anybody but the rich men who lived in great houses and did no work. He was always kind to the poor, and [29] he often sent help to them; and for that reason the common people looked upon him as their friend. Long after he was dead, men liked to talk about his deeds. Some praised him, and some blamed him. He was, indeed, a rude, lawless fellow; but at that time, people did not think of right and wrong as they do now.
The Essay on Battle Royal Men White Young
Battle Royal In Ralph Ellison's essay "Battle Royal" he describes a Negro boy, timid and compliant, comes to a white smoker in a Southern town: he is to be awarded a scholarship. Together with several other Negroes he is rushed to the front of the ballroom, where a sumptuous blonde tantalized and frightens them by dancing in the nude. Blindfolded, the Negro boys stage a "battle royal, " a free-for ...
A great many songs were made up about Robin Hood, and these songs were sung in the cottages and huts all over the land for hundreds of years afterward. Here is a little story that is told in one of those songs:— Robin Hood was standing one day under a green tree by the roadside. While he was listening to the birds among the leaves, he saw a young man passing by. This young man was dressed in a fine suit of bright red cloth; and, as he tripped gayly along the road, he seemed to be as happy as the day. “I will not trouble him,” said Robin Hood, “for I think he is on his way to his wedding. The next day Robin stood in the same place. He had not been there long when he saw the same young man coming down the road. But he did not seem to be so happy this time. He had [30] left his scarlet coat at home, and at every step he sighed and groaned. “Ah the sad day! the sad day! ” he kept saying to himself. Then Robin Hood stepped out from under the tree, and said,— “I say, young man! Have you any money to spare for my merry men and me? ” “I have nothing at all,” said the young man, “but five shillings and a ring. ” “A gold ring? ” asked Robin. Yes,” said the young man, “it is a gold ring. Here it is. ” “Ah, I see! ” said Robin; “it is a wedding ring. “
“I have kept it these seven years,” said the young man; “I have kept it to give to my bride on our wedding day. We were going to be married yesterday. But her father has promised her to a rich old man whom she never saw. And now my heart is broken. ” “What is your name? ” asked Robin. “My name is Allin-a-Dale,” said the young man. “What will you give me, in gold or fee,” said Robin, “if I will help you win your bride again in spite of the rich old man to whom she has been promised? “I have no money,” said Allin, “but I will promise to be your servant. ” “How many miles is it to the place where the maiden lives? ” asked Robin. [32] “It is not far,” said Allin. “But she is to be married this very day, and the church is five miles away. ” Then Robin made haste to dress himself as a harper; and in the afternoon he stood in the door of the church. “Who are you? ” said the bishop, “and what are you doing here? ” “I am a bold harper,” said Robin, “the best in the north country. ” “I am glad you have come,” said the bishop kindly. There is no music that I like so well as that of the harp. Come in, and play for us. ” “I will go in,” said Robin Hood; “but I will not give you any music until I see the bride and bride-groom. ” Just then an old man came in. He was dressed in rich clothing, but was bent with age, and was feeble and gray. By his side walked a fair young girl. Her cheeks were very pale, and her eyes were full of tears. “This is no match,” said Robin. “Let the bride choose for herself. ” Then he put his horn to his lips, and blew three times.
The Essay on Half A Day Man Young Life
Many people feel that life goes by very rapidly. The stories "Half a day" by Naguib Mahfouz, and "Young Man on Sixth Avenue" by Mark Halliday, both convey this point. These two stories are very similar in the point they put across, but very different in the way they convey the theme to the reader. The short story, "Half a Day" by Naguib Mahfouz starts with a young boy walking to school with his ...
The very next minute, four and twenty men, all dressed in green, and carrying long bows in their hands, came running across the fields. [33] And as they marched into the church, all in a row, the foremost among them was Allin-a-Dale. “Now whom do you choose? ” said Robin to the maiden. “I choose Allin-a-Dale,” she said blushing. “And Allin-a-Dale you shall have,” said Robin; “and he that takes you from Allin-a-Dale shall find that he has Robin Hood to deal with. ” And so the fair maiden and Allin-a-Dale were married then and there, and the rich old man went home in a great rage.
