It is not only now that migration of parents have been prevalent, it has been a long debated topic among foundations that focus on the welfare of the family and of the children. Due to the Philippines’ long history of low unemployment rate, many a family has resorted to migration, that is, looking for jobs abroad so as to support their family in their country of origin. The process of migration, no matter how beneficial to the family income-wise has effects on the family being left at home. Although migration has a couple of positive effects, its negative effects have greater weight as opposed to its positive counterpart.
So far there had been one common purpose for parental migration in foreign countries, that is, to support their families at home. In the last decade, remittances have been the second largest source of income for most families in developing countries. Remittances, not just help support families of migrants but it also contributes to the aggregate strength of the country’s peso value against other currencies. Therefore, migrants do not only help their own families but in the process they become modern heroes of the country. It also “…relaxes the household budget, enables households in developing countries to increase expenditures on health, to invest in the human capital of children reducing labour participation and encourage school attendance” (Rossi, 2008).
At a macro-level, it contributes to the decrease of poverty in the country, since there is a huge percentage of unemployed workers who attempt to look for jobs abroad, regardless whether that job is menial work or superior work, as long as it pays well they would be willing to take any job. Based on recent study, because of remittances, children in migrant households complete significantly more grades of school at a given age that do other children (Hanson & Woodruff, 2003).
The Essay on Family Frank Money Job
AnGeLa'S AsHeS Angela's Ashes was a wonderful movie that showed the true struggle for people back in the early days when money and technology wasnt as strong as it is today. The family in this story start of the movie by moving back home -town in Native Ireland because they were forced to leave America since the father had lost his job. Conditions start to become worst and the family is kept on ...
There had been evident effects on the schooling habits of children who, with the help of remittances lowers the amount of time children devote to wage unemployment outside household, instead focus more on their education. However, effects of parental absence may vary not only due to time but also with type of migration that is either seasonal or permanent.
Social cost of migration on children left behind, still then again has more gravity than its benefits. Social cost can be very high since there is lack of parental care. Its negative effects can be worsen if long-term migration of one parent may lead to permanent disruption of family unity. Within a family, both father and mother have different tasks or responsibilities to their children, they have specific duties that a loss of one would make it difficult for the parent who is left behind. On the other hand, for the migrant parent, they would inevitably start having “dual families” or affairs with persons outside his/her marriage, which may result to decrease in remittances sent home. When fathers migrate, mothers are left with no choice but to head the household and be in charge of combating poverty within her household. There is a negative effect on children’s education and well-being, since fathers are trusted to be the disciplinarian in the family, and without him children may begin to lose interest in studying and may gain low self-esteem. When mothers migrate, there is an obvious psycho-social effect on children.
Since mothers are believed to have persuasive or convincing strength in boosting her children’s self-esteem, and without her would deem otherwise. It also affects the health and education of the children, they are more vulnerable to abuse; that is, they are susceptible to forced sex. Due to the abuses that the child may endure during the absence of the mother, it would take its toll on the domestic gender division of the children. Meaning to say, at this point, without the proper guidance of a mother, a child may be inclined to confusion with regard to his or her gender. Eventually, in worse case scenarios, a prolonged absence of the mother would lead to family break up. However, when both parents are absent, there is a terrible effect on the child’s well-being, health and education.
The Term Paper on The effects of single Parenting in women House-Holds
Abstract This essay focuses on the issue of single parenting as one of the most effective family problems. A single parent is a parent who lives with one or more children without the second parent it could be either a dad or a mom. Usually the definition of single parenting depends on the local laws throughout different states, but there are other circumstances as well that could lead to single ...
Most of the time, children who experience this are more inclined to violence and to poor performance in education. Obviously, they sooner or later become burden to their grandparents or relatives. Going back to the variation of parental absences, whether seasonal or permanent. Seasonal migration, meaning, from time to time migrant parents return to their country of origin for a certain period and then proceeds back to its country of work. It has shown that there are positive impacts in the early cognitive development of the affected child/children, since there is a direct contact by the migrant parent and there is more control of migration income.
Therefore, there is an assurance that money would be spent well. Another negative effect on the children would be its psychosocial and educational potencies or capabilities. At this point, when either the father or mother is outside, children develop emotional detachment to them, and eventually would get used to them being gone, therefore, poor parent-children relationship would eventually spring forth and varies due to child shifting (the transferring from homes to homes), gender, interpersonal difficulties, attachment to material resources and resorting to violence.
It is quite evident among families with a migrant parent that with their departure there are equal positive and negative effects. But more than its positive effects, children who are left behind, experience more difficulties than comfort. Although, remittances from migrant workers tremendously aid the economy of the country, it unfortunately promotes broken families in the process. These are the social costs that parents have to pay for gaining better income away from their families.
The Homework on Effects on Children in Single Parent Household
The U.S. Census Bureau reported that about 30 percent of American families are headed by only one parent. Single parent households numbered over 12 million in the year of 2000. According to this, single parent families can no longer be viewed as nontraditional families. These families are all around us today. So, interest has grown as to the effect of these households on Children’s well-being. The ...
Bibliography
Antman, Francisca M. 2012. “The impact of migration on family left behind”. International Handbook on the economics of migration.
Rodriguez, Edgard R. and Erwin R. Tiongson (2001), ‘Temporary migration overseas and household labor supply: Evidence from urban Philippines’, International Migration Review, 35(3): 709-25.
Rossi, Andrea. 2008. “The impact of migration on children in developing countries”. Youth Migration Conference.
Silver, Alexis. 2006. “Families across borders: The effects of migration on Family members remaining at home”. University of North Carolina.
