St. Thomas Aquinas was a Dominican Monk, gifted scholar & a defender of Roman Catholicism against the spreadof Islam & Greek philosophy in Europe. He was born to an aristocratic family Roccasecca, Italy, where he joined the Dominican order while studying philosophy and theology atUniversity of Naples.
He lived during a time where a collection of Aristotelian texts in Latin that reopened the question of the relation between faith & reason, calling into question the modus vivendi (An arrangement or agreement allowing conflicting parties to coexist peacefully, either indefinitely or until a final settlement is reached) that they have obtained for centuries. St.
Thomas was a naturalist; he believed that law mirrored a natural law world order made known to humans by their own process of reasoning & by the divine revelation of Christian prophets. He was strongly influenced by Plato & especially Aristotle, Aquinas firmly believed in the necessary connection between law and reason; reason invested law with its legitimacy. He proposed practical reason tells one what ought to be done & avoid evil.
Being able to view and study multiple philosophers at his time, he has developed & understood the distinctions between eternal law, natural law and human law. * eternal law is the government of the universe according to the divine will of God; * Natural law is the “imprinting” of eternal law on humans. He says natural laws that were first set should not be taken away, although they can be altered. St. Thomas Aquinas reinforces the belief of natural law theorists that the validity of a law is dependent upon its moral content or justness.
The Essay on Examine the Key Features of Natural Moral Law &
However, it was not until the 13th Century until Thomas Aquinas developed its key features, that it was actually more widely recognised as a moral theory. When we focus on the recipient of the natural law, that is, us human beings, the proposition of Aquinas's natural law theory that comes to the forefront is that the Natural law establishes the basic principles of practical rationality for human ...
