This study evaluated the effect of congruency of color ink and color name on reading process. The 30 participants of the experiment were assigned to sets 1(a condition wherein congruent color names and ink color were presented first before the incongruent set of words, and 2 (reverse of set 1) by random selection. Participants were called in the laboratory two at a time, one of them from set 1 participants and the other from set 2 group, and afterwards the test for the two conditions of the experiment were carried out at the same time.
In the congruent list, participants were instructed to read the ink color of the words, while on the incongruent condition, they were asked to name the color ink, disregarding what the printed word is. The same instructions were given to the two participants by their respective examiners. The study showed that participants were able to read color names faster when they are the same as the ink colors than when they are not. stroop effect and reading process Stroop effect is one of the most used indicator tests in investigating the efficiency of mental processes that confine action, emotion or thought (Bioulac et al.
, 2005).
Stroop effect is described as a test to further understand human perception which involves the automatic and the controlled mental processes (Shabazz, 2010).
The Essay on The Separation of Ink Chromatography
I. Title: The Separation of Ink Using Chromatography II. Date: October 3rd, 2012 III. Purpose: To separate a mixture using paper chromatography. IV. Procedure: 1. Fill beaker with 100 mL water. 2. Poke hole in filter paper with scoopula approximately 1 cm from top. 3. Place dot of ink approximately 2 cm from the bottom of the filter paper. 4. Put scoopula through hole and hang paper from scoopula ...
Stroop task is usually directed with two different conditions, the first one (congruent) is where participants are presented with a list of color names printed in ink color that it corresponds, and the second condition (incongruent) which incorporates a list of color names that does not agree with its ink color. In both condition, participants are ask to report the ink color used to print the color names (Bioulac et al. , 2005).
Interference is found in both condition but with a greater magnitude in the condition where words or color names do not agree with the ink color (Bioulac et al. , 2005).
Related to this is the reversed Stroop effect that requires participants to report the printed word rather than the ink color that produces which also produced interference but wilt a lower level than the classical Stroop effect (Au, E. Chen, R. Chen, & Wong, 2000).
Many researches pointed out automatic processes as the primary cause of Stroop effect (Aisenberg, Goldfarb, & Henik, 2011; Bioulac et al. , 2005; Juvina & Taatgen, 2009; Shabazz, 2010).
Automatic processes is described as the thinking which is unintended, indirect or unaware that suggests unconsciously performing task beyond what is required to do, which supports the cause of automatic reading of words in a color-naming task (Aisenberg, Goldfarb, & Henik, 2011; Shabazz, 2010).
Cattell (1886) and Fraisse (1969) further proposed that it is more automatic to read words than to name certain color (as cited in Juvina & Taatgen, 2009).
A research by Shabazz (2010) also supports the conclusion that individuals are faster in recognizing the color and reading the color names than reporting the color of the ink used.
Researches regarding stroop effect is essential for further and more in-depth understanding of human perception and also seeking to provide more information to further investigate and contributes to existing knowledge regarding Stroop effect and its future applications for human development. Many researches already used Stroop task to investigate different ideas such as the study about cognitive control that is said to be fundamental to interference resolution (Juvina & Taatgen, 2009).
The Term Paper on Word Art Slide Set Click
Table of contents Introduction 2 Action Plan 2 Method 2 Conclusion 3 Evaluation 3 Story Board 4 PowerPoint 4 Slide one 4 Slide two 6 Slide three 7 Slide four 8 Slide five 9 Slide six 10 Slide seven 11 Slide eight 12 Slide nine 13 Slide ten 14 Slide eleven 15 Slide twelve 16 Slide thirteen 17 Slide Show Techniques 18 Adding Transitions 18 Adding Animations 18 Customise a slide animation 18 Animate ...
Stroop task also became applicable in investigating attention bias of individuals to their own interest (Franken, Sayette, Schwartz, & Waters, 2004).
The present study is a replication of the research by Stroop (1935).
In which the researchers faced with an inquiry of how the word stimuli (color name) interfere with the identification of the ink color of the word, and also how the ink color of the word affects the reading of the color name. The researchers hypothesized that individuals can name ink color faster if it corresponds to the same name color that when it is not. The response time between two conditions – congruent and incongruent – are measured to test whether congruency between color name and ink color results to a faster naming of color.
Method Participants The participants of the study were two senior BASS Psychology students and 28 B. A Psychology sophomore students of University of the Philippines in the Visayas Tacloban College with ages ranging from 17-21 years old, 4 of which were male and 26 were female. Materials Materials used in the experiment were experimental instructions, congruent list (annex A), incongruent list (annex A) and data sheet. Procedure The experiment was divided into two sets. The first set was a condition wherein congruent color names and ink color were presented first before the incongruent set of words.
In the second set, the first set of words presented was incongruent, followed by the congruent list of words. The experiment was conducted inside the Psych laboratory of the University of the Philippines Eastern Visayas Tacloban College. Assignment of which among the participants would be on the first set or second set was decided through count off. After the count off, all the participants inside the psych laboratory were told to stay at the DMX and wait for their names to be called by one of the experimenters. Two participants were called in every now and then.
One of which was someone who was assigned to the first condition or first set, while the other participant was from the second set. There were three experimenters, two of which were the ones who conducted the exam and the third one was the person responsible for calling in the next participants of the experiment. Between the two examiners, each of them was assigned in conducting either of the two conditions and each of the experimenter has their own copy of the congruent and incongruent lists and manuscript of the procedure. The instructions that they gave to the participants were also from the same manuscript and were read at the same time.
The Term Paper on The Stroop Effect Color Words Experiment
By the age of 5, most children have entered school and have begun to learn how to read. This soon becomes an automatic process so that it becomes hard NOT to read a word when presented with one. However, because this process becomes so automatic, the human mind tends to discard other aspects of the words we read. The Stroop effect is perhaps the most well known demonstration of this approach: ...
After the experimenter was assured that their participant has understood the instruction given and both him/her and the participants were ready to begin, they then commenced the test. Each participant has to read the set of words listed in the congruent or incongruent list given to them. In the congruent list of words, the participant was told to read the color names. On the other hand, in the incongruent list, the participant was told to name the ink color of the words. The length of time that the participant spent in reading was recorded by the experimenter.
The experimenter spoke out the word “Go! ” as a mark that the participant was already allowed to begin reading the words, while participants had to say “done! ” right after they had finished reading the list to notify the experimenter that he/she has ended the first test. The experimenter then recorded the time duration right away on the line at the bottom of the data sheet. The same procedure was followed for the second test. Various measures were carried out by the experimenter to maintain control in the experiment and to ensure that only the IV would affect the DV of the experiment.
The purpose of saying the words “Go” and “Done” were for helping the experimenter to correctly jot down the correct length of time the reading process of the participant has taken in each set of words, be it in Incongruent list or Congruent list. Reading of the same instruction to each participant was also to make sure that there would be no other factors that would intervene in the performance of the participant or having unnecessary disturbances in the flow of the experiment, which could influence the reliability of the result or data gathered. Research Design
The research design used is Within-subjects design. Variables The independent variable of the experiment was congruence of color names and ink colors. Levels of IV were congruent color names and ink color and incongruent color names and ink color. The Dependent variable was reading speed which was measured in seconds using stopwatch. Extraneous variables controls were random assignment of participants, the distance between the locations of the two experimenters to avoid disturbance during the experiment, synchronized reading of the instructions and the use of counterbalancing. Data Analysis
The Essay on Advantage of Reading 2
There are so many ways reading is an advantage to your learning. People read so they can improve on their vocabulary by reading words that they don’t know, and using the dictionary they will know what the word means. Reason why reading is an advantage is that it gives you a glimpse into other cultures and places in the world. While reading like “National Geographic” it gives you an insight on ...
