Matthew L. Baker and Steven C. Almo (2006) Structural biology of cellular machines. TRENDS in Cell Biology, 16, 144-150 (Review) Cell is the smallest unit of life. The cell membrane encloses cytoplasm inside the cell. However, different cells have various functions and are essential to biological processes, which depend on the different structures influencing their cellular machines. With the development of science, many scientists began to concentrate on structural cell biology, which is helpful to understand details of cellular machines. Recently, the studies focused on the ribosome, the acrosomal bundle and bacterial flagella.
These are the good source to know how the cell organelles work. Much deeper researches can help us to solve some healthy problems. This kind of research help us to clear several misapprehend in these fields and get the accurate conclusions. In this review, the authors introduced three kinds of cellular machines, single particle machines, filamentous machines and assemblies of assemblies. Firstly, single particle machines have a wide range of information need to be analyzed, such as morphologies, functions and complexity. Therefore, some kinds of technologies are necessary during investigation.
For example, because of ribosomal is quintessential biological machine, the subunits to be the biological driving forces are observed with various technology developments for the studies. The most efficacious ways are X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM. The biochemical and genetic mechanisms of cellular assemblies information can be easily got. X-ray crystallography shows the structural detail of macromolecules and their assemblies at or near atomic resolution. In addition, cryo-EM displays cellular assemblies in different forms, symmetries, sizes and shapes.
The Essay on Cell Repair Machines Cells
In Pursuit of Forever Although it is certainly an important operative factor, the commonly-interpreted explanation of aging and death, a sort of simple degeneration of the body's mechanical and chemical systems through time and usage, does not apply very well to the truth. The human body replaces every constituent atom naturally every seven years. Unlike machines, our bodies are in a constant ...
Secondly, filamentous machines is a unique family of biological machines buildup by single subunits to form linear or helical shapes for special functions, such as, becoming simple scaffolds to support higher-order assemblies and generating biological functions by using intrinsic properties. However, sometimes the formation of ordered arrays might also be associated with irrelevancy, and the diseases will be caused. In these situations, X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM can also help to get the answer, then find a good way to cure patient. Final part is about assemblies of assemblies.
This is a kind of large cellular machine. Flagella belong to this type, which is large multi-tiered machinery. The organelle used for propulsion. The rotary engine is an important part of the movement of the cell. Generally, propeller is a hollow helical tube, which is formed by flagellin (protein).
The movement is forced by proton motive force, ATP hydrolysis and Na+ ion gradient. In the future, not only ribosome, acrosomal bundle and bacteria flagella, but other obvious targets which cannot be predicted are significant for cellular biology.
Furthermore, relatively large-scale expression and purification of multi-component assemblies will be achieved and many new ways to be applied to deal with healthy problems in the future. With the time past, we will get more information about cellular machines. Conclusion, this review article is concentrated on the cell machines influenced by the inner and outer structural of cell. The article is a little bit difficult to read by the science students, the problem is that it cannot be understood deeply in the parts of several experiments.
How to Write an Article Review
Writing an article review, which is also sometimes referred to as an article critique, is a special type of writing that involves reading an article and then providing the reader with your personal take on its content. In general, article review essays should start with a heading that includes a citation of the sources that are being reviewed. The first paragraph, which is the introduction to the ...
By comparison, this review article is much suitable for the researchers and professionals in this field. The logical structure and clear description are good for their understanding. Moreover, it is a useful literature for studies. (26) Kikkawa, M. et al. (1994) Direct visualization of the microtubule lattice seam both in vitro and in vivo. J. Cell Biol. 127, 1965-1971 (Original paper) This original paper focused on microtubule which is one kind of the major cytoskeleton elements that plays important roles in various kinds of basic cellular mechanisms.
Comparing these two articles, the main difference between them is that the original paper has the details of the process of how to get results, and the evidences showing that microtubule supports the cell morphology and it form tracks for molecular motor protein to move organelles and other molecules. The paper explains the reason detailed through experiment, result and discussion sections. However, the review article just mentions the result simply, there is not any evidence mentioned before to prove their ideas. Furthermore, it is more general than original paper, therefore, easier to understand and accepted by most people.
Relatively, the range of reader of original paper is narrow. Through reading these two kinds of papers, it is said that the original paper is the foundation of other types of papers and can be developed into other forms, while the review article is one of them. When the professionals want to get more reliable information, the original source is essential for the research. Nonetheless, review article gives an overview of the specific research topic, an easy and quick access to either the beginner or the professionals of the areas, and it can provide necessary outlines of the research area in one paper.
The original paper is also fit for researchers and professionals in biological area. These experimental methods or results are useful for their studies. Nevertheless, because there are many special words and methods that are not familiar by public who don’t have any background of biology, it is more difficult to understand than the review article. The major reason for these differences is from the different aims they want to get.
Article Review Of Risk From Vibration In Indian Mines
The purpose of the article is aimed at raising concern on the implications of vibration on workers. Of particular interest is the risk on miners in Indian and the consequent effect relative to other areas of the world in terms of management and control. The paper scientifically analyzes how vibration occurs in a view to create our consciousness of related health consequences on the susceptible ...
The purpose of the original paper is for the scientists to explain and prove their supposition by setting up the experiment and trying to get the accurate outcomes that exactly explains their supposition. On the other aspect, the review article is a summary or discussion area of different original papers under the same topic. Thus, the review article doesn’t include many explanations. This type is good for the studies that need a logical summary in a relative larger range in a special area. In addition, if the researchers think they need much deeper understanding, the original paper is the useful resource.
