What is the difference between the general perspectives? How does the work of Ritzer attempt to overcome this problem? Micro theories examine the processes of face-to-face contact among individuals and personal points-of-view in society; whereas, the macro theories deal with large-scale social events of society – meaning things that have public concern. The theories that are apart of the micro-level are symbolic interaction ism, dramaturgy, ethno methodology, and exchange theory. Symbolic interaction is an individual-based theory that uses constructed symbols, such as language and gestures, to which people give meaning in their everyday interactions. Dramaturgy, best stated by Goff man (1959), is what actors portray on a the theatrical stage is similar to the way people act in society. Ethno methodology is basic common-sense used in for general situations in everyday life (Ritzer, 77).
Exchange theory is a given relationship is found to be attractive whereas the rewards tend to outweigh punishment (Blau, 1964).
Structural functionalism and conflict theory are two types of macro-theories. Structural functionalism (Perrucci, 1983) has three main ideas: 1) society is a system containing interdependent and interacting parts bound together in time and space, 2) shared values among members of the system are social “glue” that helps hold it together, 3) and systems have a need for stability and therefor attempt the parts working together harmoniously. Conflict theory is the belief that society contains basic inequalities in wealth, power, and prestige (Coser, 1967; Dahrendorf, 1959).
The Essay on Dependency Theory And World Systems Theory
Explain how theories, such as Dependency Theory and World Systems Theory, can contribute to an understanding of changing patterns of global power. (15) Dependency theory was developed by a man named A.G. Frank. He stated that there is both massive economic disparity in the world and that there is a developed economic core and an underdeveloped core in the world. The developed areas maintain their ...
Ritzer, like many other sociologists, wants to disintegrate the split between the micro and macro sociology. Ritzer attempts to do this by “adding on” to Gurvitch’s insights. Ritzer views the micro-macro issue, not by subjective-objective continuum, but the phenomena as subjective or objective; therefore, concluding that there are four major levels of analysis (See Table I) that are a product of dialectical interrelationships (Ritzer, 1996).
Table I – Ritzer’s Major Levels of Social Analysis MACROSCOPIC I. Macro-objectiveExamples – society, law, bureaucracy, architecture, technology, and language II. Macro-subjectiveExamples- culture, norms, and values III. Micro-objectiveExamples – patterns of behavior, action, and interaction IV. Micro-subjectiveExamples – perceptions, beliefs; the various facets of the social construction of realityMICROSCOPICIn row 1, the macro-objective, involves the large-scale basic standards and “material realities” (Ritzer, 359) by which the general populous abides by; whereas as the macro-subjective is the large-scale intangible ideals such as norms and values which shape our everyday lives.
In row 2, the micro theories also have the objective and subjective consistencies but on a smaller scale. The micro-objective deals with the individual trends of interaction and behavior; whereas micro-subjectivity is what people think, do and belief based on their own experiences. This is just one of many different ways in which sociologists try to combine the micro and macro theories into one ultimate sociological theory. A better explanation for this is like ice cream. Some people like chocolate mint chip, and others like strawberry sorbet; however, putting these to flavors together will not have a great taste as the two do alone, this is the dilemma that sociologists want to overcome. ReferencesBlumer, H.
The Essay on Summary Micro Macro Economics
The combined decisions of all firms in S. A | • Microeconomics – the focus is on individual parts of the economy. Decisions or functioning of decision makers such as individuals, households, firms or other orgs. Are considered are considered in isolation from the rest of the economy. • Macroeconomics – is concerned with the economy as a whole. An overall view of the economy and aggregate economic ...
Symbolic Interaction ism. Englewood Cliffs, N. J. : Prentice-Hall, 1969. Coser, L. The Functions of Social Conflict.
Glencoe, Il. : Free Press, 1967. Dahrendorf, R. Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society.
Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1959. Perrucci and Kn used. Sociology. St.
Paul: West Publishing Company, 1983.
