Imagine having a twin that looks and acts exactly like you. Even more interesting this twin is a product of scientific cloning. If scientists have their way, identical replicas of human beings will be roaming the earth. This scientific vision may occur a lot more recent then many think. Cloning can be (better) understood by looking at it’s definition, process, and some examples. This first step to better understanding cloning is to hear precisely what it is.
Cloning can be defined as an organism or group of organisms derived from another organism by an asexual reproductive process. Usually members of a clone are identical in genes (Clarke, 1).
Even though the definition is relatively simple, it will be several years before these projects will be technically feasible. Many species are being considered for cloning, but legal battles often halt the complex process (Grossman, 1).
Knowledge of the definition of cloning helps one better understand its difficult process. The process of cloning is long and tedious and most uncommonly unsuccessful.
After many years of failure to clone using adult animals, most scientists started to think it was too tough. However Ian Wilmot of the Roslin Institute in Scotland found a new successful method (World Book, 1).
It should also be noted that adult males have the lowest success rate of cloning (Okimoto, 2).
The actual process of cloning is due to recent advances of Genetic Engineering. Scientists can now isolate an individual gene from one organism and grow it in another organism belonging to a different species (Clarke, 1).
The Term Paper on Cloning Genetic Engineering Scientists Genes Dna
INTRODUCTION I chose to do my report on cloning, or genetic engineering. Cloning is the technique of producing a genetically identical duplicate of an organism by replacing the nucleus of an unfertilized ovum with the nucleus of a body cell from the organism. Some people agree with this type of reproduction, where others do not agree with it and wish that it could be banned. Genetic engineering ...
While this is occurring a scientist can also take a cells chromosomes and nucleus, and inject them into a fertilized egg whose own nucleus has been removed (Clarke, 3).
However another new process that was used to clone the worlds most famous sheep, is starting to be used more often. This new process involved taking mammary-gland cells from a sheep and starve them of growth, then electrically inject an egg which was later transplanted into a surrogate mother. Out of 300 attempts, only one survived the process, Dolly a lamb born in 1996 (Worldbook, 1).
The creation of Dolly is one of only a few examples that have ended in success. Having familiarity with the process of cloning helps one understand some cloning experiments.
With odds like one out of 300 (the Dolly experiment) successful clones, good examples of cloning are a rarity. However when a successful clone occurs it is quite a notable feat. One cloning project currently under way is a revival of the Huia Bird. Once native to New Zealand, but became extinct in the 1920’s. Mainly because the Huiaslarge feathers became a “hot fashion accessory” (Grossman, 1).
However in order to start the cloning process remnants of the birds cells or bones must first be found (Grossman, 1).
Another example of an attempt to relive our past is due to LarryAgenbroad, a Northern Arizona University geologist, and his team of international scientists, who plan to clone a Woolly Mammoth from DNA remnants. The frozen animal will be taken from Siberia and flown 200 miles. Once the beast reaches its destination the animal will be kept frozen in a tunnel. The eleven foot animal will be studies thoroughly, but the primary task is to extract DNA (Okimoto, 1).
This mission has not been totally cleared yet, so while legalities, and other obstacles are overcome, the beast sits frozen in Siberia. As more cloning experiments are conducted, the success rate is climbing, and as success heightens more notable examples will occur.
The Term Paper on Clone Embryo Advanced Cell
#1 Abstract: News of the cloned embryos immediately inflamed the debate over the ethics of human cloning. Advanced Cell Technology, a privately held company, is trying to patent its cloning technology as part o its for-profit ventures. But critics, particularly the Catholic church and anti-abortion groups, say such a business would immorally destroy thousands of human embryos. In parthenogenesis, ...
The science of cloning can at first be considered very frightening, however once one has a better understanding of this science through its definition, process, and some examples, one should realize that some great possibilities could occur in the future. Works Cited Clarke, Bryan C. “Clone.” Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia. copyright 1999. 5 Oct. 1999 < web "Dolly and Other Cloning Breakthroughs Since 1996." Worldbook.
com. copyright 1999. 12 Oct. 1999 < web Lev.
“Extinct Animals to be Cloned.” Time Digital. 2 Oct. 1999. 3 Oct. 1999< web Joly n. "Scientists Aim To Revive Extinct Beast." Seattle times.
com. 2 Oct. 1999. 3 Oct. 1999 < web 19991002. html>.
Outline Thesis: Cloning can be (better) understood by looking at it’s definition, process, and some examples. I. Definition. Cloning can be defined as an organism or group of organisms derived from another organism by an asexual reproductive process. Usually members of clone are identical in genes. II.
Process. Adult males have the lowest success rate of cloning. B. First Type of Process 1.
Isolate an individual gene from one organism and grow it in another organism belonging to a different species. 2. While this is occurring a scientist can also take a cells chromosomes and nucleus, and inject them into a fertilized egg whose own nucleus has been removed. C. New Process 1.
Taking mammary-gland cells from a sheep and starve them of growth, then electrically inject an egg which was later transplanted into a surrogate mother. III. Examples. Huia Bird 1.
Once native to New Zealand but extinct for its feathers. 2. Remnants of the birds cells or bones must be found before cloning can begin. B. Woolly Mammoth 1.
Larry Agen broad a university of Northern Arizona University geologist and his team of international scientists plan to clone a Woolly Mammoth from DNA remnants. 2. The frozen animal will be flown 200 miles from Siberia to a frozen tunnel, to be studied for DNA. Concluding Statement: The science of cloning can at first be considered very frightening. However once one has a better understanding of this science through its definition, process, and some examples, one should realize that some great possibilities could occur in the future.
The Term Paper on The Cloning Process
Friday Focus Seminar Handout: CLONING By Sarah Choo-Yick and Shivali Sikki What is a clone? A clone is an exact genetic copy of a living thing. Thus, a clone can be an animal, human, or plant genetically identical to its “donor” parent. The gene of a clone determines its characteristics like hair color, eye color, and height. Therefore cloning is a type of eugenics. Eugenics is the science of ...
