less time reviewing pre-vacation material than teachers in traditional schools did, the actual achievement differences were insignificant on tests designed specifically to measure district objectives (Glass, Gene V).
According to Don Patterson, a member of the Albuquerque, New Mexico School Board that tried and rejected year round schooling, “Short term memory loss is very acute. Studies show that the only discernible summer loss occurs in the first two to three weeks. So, by introducing all these multiple breaks, all you ” re doing is maximizing forgetting.” It has also been proven that forgetting and relearning are part of the learning process. Gaps in student’s learning begin with loss of context retention in the subject area, which begins within 24-48 hours, unless the new information is reinforced or applied immediately. After a month without reinforcement, about 80% of what a student has learned is recently lost.
Research indicates what we retain depends on student motivation and teacher-effectiveness and isn’t limited to a time factor (Time to Learn).
It is quite obvious that YRE does not improve the learning process, as those who support YRE claim. Supporters of the year round school system believe there are many benefits in the program for students and teachers. Advocates of YRE say families have greater flexibility in planning vacations that often cost less.
Student Achievement Education Spending School
Equality in School Finance In The Story of the Education Dollar, Odden, Monk, Nakib and Picus describe some basic facts about education spending in the United States to facilitate an understanding of the level and uses of the federal government's policies on education funding. The purpose of the authors' discussion is to argue that public education facilities need to change their focus on the ...
Parents that support YRE feel that the shorter, more frequent vacations allowed students to remain focused and enthusiastic (Prisoners of Time).
Angie Maniscalco, a 5 th grade student at Fairmount Elementary in St. Louis, says, “Kids should go to school nine weeks and be off three because, kids get bored in the summer. They get sick of swimming every single day going skating or basically doing anything. I go to school for nine weeks, then get off three” (Should Schools).
Supporters also believe parents who are working outside the home can take advantage of year-round care for their children. Teachers that support the idea of YRE feel that the more frequent breaks reduce burnout, and that the frequent breaks during the school year enable teachers to visit and learn from other programs and other teachers (Prisoners of Time).
Those against YRE have different views about what year-round schooling will do for the students and the teachers. In year round schools, middle, elementary and high school students often have different schedules.
While vacationing in the off-season may work well, when children are on different schedules, vacations can be more of a problem. YRE can certainly disrupt family life. With different ages of students, vacations are difficult to schedule. For example, children on non-traditional schedules may miss out on Boy Scout Camp, because their summer vacation falls in the month of August and the activity is programmed for July. School activities can suffer as well. One study found that band, chorus, drama, and student government were particularly hit hard (Never Ending School).
While there may be some benefits to YRE, it is obvious that there are many situations where the year round calendar will cause confusion in the lives of those involved. Perhaps the most debated issue in YRE is that of the achievement scores. Supporters of YRE claim that student performance in year round schools is much greater. They believe that year round schools will yield higher achievement scores that traditional schools. Many advocates for Y REclaim there are studies by the National Association for Year Round Education that report that year round schools have a very positive impact on student grades. Although supporters boast high achievement scores on tests, and higher student grades, those against YRE disagree (Year Round Education: Is).
The Essay on The Different Schools of Philosophy Which Affect Education
Philosophy and education are closely related for philosophy is the basis of education. The strengths and weakness of philosophical system are explored in terms of their relations to education. Philosophy is made of two major divisions, namely; metaphysics and epistemology. Metaphysics is a subdivision of philosophy which systematically analyzes the question of the ultimate reality. During the ...
Critics of YRE say there is no evidence for higher academic gains under YRE as compared to traditional schools. Studies and test scores repeatedly show little improvement by students in year round schools. When test scores do increase, many educators hesitate to attribute increases to the new calendar (Time to Learn).
Many of these studies, have been conducted by the National Association for Year Round Education (NAYRE), a highly biased organization, whose consultants earn significant amounts of income by promotion YRE. RobertRosenfield, a systems analyst from Potomac, Maryland, was so concerned at what he considered to be misrepresented data by the NAYRE that he analyzed a substantial number of YRE evaluations in a 1994 paper. He concluded, “Each study presented in the NAYRE review has either been incompletely characterized, or otherwise contradicted by other studies within the same state or district.
Nothing in the NAYRE review demonstrates any academic achievement gain by changing to a year-round calendar.” In a 1993 Resnick study of Oakland Unified School District, California, concluded, “Student sat year-round schools show on average a lower academic achievement level than those a tother schools, and their achievement has decreased for the period, while it increased for schools in the regular calendar.” Overall, as you can see, there is little difference in student achievement between year-round and traditional calendars (Year Round Education: Is).
As evidence has shown, year round education will not improve the education of our children. YRE will cost more money for schools. YRE will not promote continuous learning. YRE won’t create benefits for students and teachers, but will create chaos in the lives of the people around them. Achievement scores in schools with YRE will not increase, but in fact, in some cases, get worse.
The Research paper on School and Teacher Education
Speakers’ presentations Note: All the papers and presentations have been posted as received from the authors. The DETA Secretariat takes no responsibility for their format, language and content. The list has been arranged per stream and alphabetically based on the surname of the first author. Stream 1: The role of collaboration and partnerships in teacher education and development in Africa ...
A few spoken views on YRE say it best. Sheila Duty Gibson says, “Many students show that year-round schools do not improve education. Changing the days students attend school does not address what many believe are the real problems in education such as a lack of parental involvement, teacher development, effective teaching methods and curriculum.” An anonymous editorial in a North Carolina newspaper says, “It’s time to face the truth. The year-round schedule is a personal preference, not the answer to our educational problems. Year-round school doesn’t work for everyone.” Executive Editor of Elizabethton Star in Tennessee, said it well when he said, “Summertime offers our youngsters an extended time to experience life in such a way that will never again be afforded.
If we are going to do anything with respect to school scheduling, we should extend the summer vacation to Labor Day” (Time to Learn).
Bibliography Works Cited Burgoyne, Becky. “Backgrounder: The Never Ending School: Year Round Education. 12 March 2000. “Endless Summer? Not for Children in Year-Round School; Education: Prompted by overcrowding or by belief in its effectiveness, more and more school districts are shifting to a 12-month calendar, The.” Electric Library. 15 March 2000.
Glass, Gene V. 7 March 2000. Inger, Morton. “Year Round Education: A Strategy for Overcrowded Schools.” 12 March 2000. The National Association for Year-Round Education page. 12 March 2000.
Naylor, Charlie “Year Round Education: Is it worth the Hassle?” 7 March 2000. Prisoners of Time page. 7 March 2000. “Should kids go to school year round?” Electric Library. 15 March 2000. “Should School Be Held Year Round?” Electric Library.
15 March 2000. Time to Learn page. 16 Feb 2000. Word Count: 1771.
