The magnificent monument in India is the every lover’s journey, it is the ultimate tribute to love, a stunning piece of marble which reflects the image of love and beauty. it was built by Mughaual empire Shah Jahal as a dedicate monument to his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Taj Mahal is now in the Top of the list of Seven Wonders of the World and as a UNESCO world heritage site. The Taj Mahal is one of the world’s famous tourist attractions and one of the most beautiful structure composition in the world, it is located in the city of Agra in Northern India.
Shah Jahal had first met her when she was fourteen, and he was fifteen, he had immediately fallen in love with her and could not get married until she was nineteen years old. The name of “Mumtaz Mahal” is meant by “The chosen one of the Palace” as it diverts the beauty name of his beloved. Shah Jahal was Muslim ruler of the Mughal empire in India from 1628 to 1658. The construction began in 1632, the complex was designed by master of architects one of them was the chief architect Ustad Ahmed Lahawari an Indian of Persian descent, the renowned Islamic architect of that time.
The Taj Mahal is an excellent example of magnificent architectural beauty took 22 years to be built in which the project began in 1632 C. E and completed in 1648 C. E, the complex is entirely built of white marbles which reflects hues according to the intensity of sunlight or moonlight. Thousands of elephants carried the construction materials to the construction site for hundreds of miles. 20,000 workers from India, Persia and other countries from the world where in the construction of this admirable building.
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The cost of Taj Mahal structure costs 32 Million Rupees which was an enormous amount at that time, the beauty architect still exists and it is the most famous tourist attraction in the world. The death of Mumtaz Mahal was so overpowering for Shah Jahal as he starved himself away without food and drinks for a week. When he appeared, his hair and bear had turned white. Whole of north India had proclaimed to the mourning for his wife along with him.
Above all, on the banks of the river Yumna Jehal had selected a site for Mumtaz Mahal burial in his capital city of Agra in which he invited leading Architects from different countries to submit a designs for a monument for his beloved wife, Ustad Ahmed was one of the demanding task , in addition Ismail Lenan who came from Istanbul, Turkey and Armant Khan were employed as masters of Art. Together with Ustad Ahmed and other architects some say that an Italian architect called Verona had designed the great monument but he died when he was on his way to Lahore.
However, this story is not dominant or firmly believed as there exists many counter views. The entire design of the Taj mahal is compeletely symmettrical with four minarets at each corner of the tomb, the walls of the tomb were laid with beautiful designs of flowered traced with precious stones to reflect Mumtaz beauty, besides the caligraohy of the Taj Mahal have inscriptions of 99 names of God written by a Persian Calligraphy Armanat Khan.
Above all, a water channel studded with fountain runs through the center of the complex, a rows of Cyprus trees is bordered on either sides which symbolizes death. The admirable building is made of precious marbles and stones, the white marbles were obtained from Makrana, as well as it is covered with fine writing that consists many of verses from Koran, moreover the marbles produces a stunning appearance that changes dramatically as the light changes.
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Distinctive materials were used in this great structure such as Diamonds which arrived from legendary Golconda in India, Quartz from Himalayas, mother-of-pearl and rare shells from the Indian ocean, turquoise came from Tibet, jade and crystal from China, onyx from Persia and carnelian from Baghdad. In the past it was difficult to transport construction materials and trucks were not available at that time, for this reason more than 1000 of Elephants and a lot of resources were used to carry the construction materials for hundreds of miles.
A British viceroy called Lord Curzon made a great deal of restoration as he ordered the restoration of the entire complex with original materials such as replacing the larbe marble slabs and red sandstones that have worn out with new stones matching the design of the carving, “If I had never done anything else in India, I have written my name here, and the letters are a living joy. ” ( Lord Curzon, the British Governor-General , in addition he made a new renovation of the Taj Mahal garden including the main gate of the . n 2004, a night viewing of full moon day has been announced by Taj Mahal which reflects a beautiful image of this great structure. To prevent pollution, convential cars are banned within a 500- meter from the monument. The Taj mahal is more than just a histyotrical magnifence monument built by the muhjual emperor shah, it is the ultimate honor of love, it’s a romantic building monument for his beloved wife, in fact it is a famous tourist attraction and considered as one of world’s seven wonders.
