An electrical signal, which runs through the copper wire found inside, covered with aluminum foil to prevent interference. One electric pulse will represent 1 and the absence 0.
A 01000001
The coaxial transmits an electrical signal, which runs through the copper wire found inside, covered with aluminum foil to prevent interference. One electric pulse will represent 1 and the absence 0.
The light produced by diode or laser, travels through the core due to the reflection occurring on the cover, light on will represent 1 and off 0.
These WIRELESS do not require wires to transmit signals, but use radio or infrared to send packets (data set) through the air.
OSI Model
Application Layer: Provides or serves as the window for the user of the OSI Model. -Provides communication between two application processes, such as application programs, network applications, etc. -Provides communications aspects for specific applications among networkers: network management, file transfer protocol (ftp), etc.
Presentation Layer: Translate the format and syntax assigned to data for transmission on the network.
-Determines the format of the data without regard for meaning or semantics.
-Set Independence to application processes considering the differences in data representation.
-Provides services to the application layer to interpret the meaning of the data exchanged.
The Essay on Digital Data Pstn Transmission Network
Introduction to the PSTN The Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) was designed to enable analogue (sound) communication between telephones. It is a well-established network with extensive infrastructure providing universal coverage. PSTN is a circuit switched network. When a customer requests a service path, an electronic connection is established between their telephone connection and the ...
-Operates exchange.
-Operates visualization.
Session Layer: provide the services used by the organization and synchronization of the dialogue between users and management and data exchange.
-Set the start and end of the session.
-Session recovery.
-Control of the dialogue; establishes the order in which messages should flow between end users.
-Reference devices by name rather than by address.
-Allows you to write programs that run on any network installation.
Transport Layer: This level acts as a bridge between the three communications fully oriented lower levels and three fully oriented higher level processing. It also ensures reliable delivery of information.
-Ensures that the arrival of data at the network level is the transmission characteristics and quality of service required by the Level 5 (Session).
-This level defines how to address the physical location of network devices.
-Assign a unique address to each user transport.
-Define a possible multi-channeling. That is, it can support multiple connections.
-Defines how to enable and disable the connections between nodes.
-Specify the protocol that guarantees message delivery.
-Sets data transparency and reliability of information transfer between two systems.
-Set the start and end of the session.
-Session recovery.
-Reference devices by name rather than by address.
-Allows you to write programs that run on any network installation.
Network Layer: This layer defines routing and forwarding packets between networks.
-This level is the responsibility of establishing, maintaining and terminating connections.
-This level provides message routing, determining whether a particular message to be sent to
-Level 4 (Transport Layer) or Level 2 (data link).
-This level switches, routes and congestion control information packets on a subnet.
The Term Paper on Neural Network Networks Data 61663
The Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction Artificial Neural Networks ANNs) are computation paradigms, in simple terms -computer based software systems, which implement simplified models of their bio logical counter parts i. e. the biological neural networks. They can be created and trained to analyze data to recognize trends based on observation data, immense applications exist in the ...
-Defines the status of messages that are sent to nodes in the network.
Data Link Layer: This level provides facilities for transmitting blocks of data between two network stations. That is, organizes the 1’s and 0’s
Physical Layer formats or logical groups of information. To: -Detect errors at the physical level.
-Set error detection scheme for retransmissions or reconfigurations of the network. -Set the access method that the computer should continue to transmit and receive messages. The
-transfer of data via the physical link.
-Send data blocks needed for the sync control.
-Overall controls the level and the interfaces with the network layer, to communicate to the error-free transmission.
Physical Layer: Defines the medium used for the transfer of information, has control of this environment and control bits specified by:
-Define physical connections between computers.
-Describe the mechanical aspect of the physical interface.
-Describe the electrical aspect of the physical interface.
-Describe the functional aspect of the physical interface.
-Define Transmission Technique.
-Define the type of transmission.
-Set the Line Coding.
-Define Transmission Speed.
-Set the Operating Mode Data Line.
Transmitting Letter
