The value stream in a company are all the activities (both value added and non-value added) currently required to bring a product from raw material into the hands of the customer [1]. Value stream mapping will visualize and help understand the flow of the products and information within a company. Besides flow visualization, value stream mapping will also highlight the forms and the page 1 Figure 2. value stream map example causes of waste and it will be a basis for an improvement plan. Value stream mapping starts by selecting one product amily. Unless the company only produces one product, there will always be a difference in flow between some products. To stay focused and to keep a clear view on the value stream it is necessary to select one product family.
Composing a product family can be done by making a list of all products in the company and determining all process steps for every product. Products with less or more the same process steps will form one product family. After selecting the product family, the value stream map can be created. Drawing a value stream map happens by using universal symbols like the example in figure two. The act that universal symbols are used makes sure that everyone (also people who aren’t familiar with the different processes) understands the flow. There is for example a symbol for process steps, which are always accompanied by a data box containing all relevant information about the process. Relevant information can be cycle time, process time, uptime, scrap level, changeover time… There are also symbols for inventory, transportation, information flow and a lot more. After completing the value stream map of the current situation the company will have an overall view of the flow of the selected product family.
The Term Paper on Crime And Deviance Are The Product Of Labelling Processes
When studying crime and deviance, in particular the causes of crime, it is often useful to look at the reasons behind why people commit crimes in the first place. For interactionists, crime and deviance is a product of labelling. They believe that when a crime is committed, it is because a public application of a negative description of a powerless individual has occurred and that is the reason ...
Waste will become visible and the lead team ladder at the bottom of the value stream map provides lead time information. With this lead time information it is possible to determine the ratio of the total added value time and the total lead time. This ratio shows how many times the product is longer on its way through the processes than the ideal situation. So the bigger this ratio is, the worse the situation is. In other words, the company will have to come up with improvements based on the current state value stream map. There are 2 kinds of improvements: flow improvements, where the goal is to mprove the material and information flow and there are also process improvements where the goal is to improve the processes of the value stream. These improvements will result in an improved situation which will also need to be visualized. This is done by drawing a future state value stream map. This future state value stream map will have reduced waste and a better flow of material. Before implementing these improvements, an implementation plan needs to be made which will be a guide in implementing the future state in the company. As stated before, the future state is not an endpoint.
After implementing the future state, this situation will have to be evaluated and analyzed again. This is what is meant by continuous improvement in the sense of lean manufacturing. Typical results after making value stream maps are reduced inventory levels which will lead to shorter lead times. Value stream mapping will also highlight uptime problems which will result in Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) actions and change over problems which will lead to Setup Time Reduction methods and so on. Value stream mapping can be used in many environments. In the next part of this paper, some nvironments where value stream mapping has been applied on are discussed. This will lead to an interesting comparison where the results of value stream mapping and the difficulties for every environment are discussed. page 2 III.
The Essay on Time Traveler Future Technology World
There are three working theories the Time Traveler developed upon his visit to the distant future. The first is the laziness of what human-kind has become. The second is the division between the classes, below ground and above it. The third is based on how human evolution had gone back to its starting point. The glorification of technology is not the answer to the utopian life we all seek. The ...
