What affects the Earth’s climate or … doomsday 2012 is true?
A lot of changes of the Earth surface (or our environment) occur now. All media overwhelmed information about changes which happen in our days, everyday. Solar radiation, deviations in the Earth orbit, mountain-building and continental drift and greenhouse gas concentration – this is not a complete set of what is happening with our planet! All of that affect to the climate our habitat and changes occur now are very fast. Let see what going on the Earth!
Plate tectonics
Over the course of millions of years, the motion of tectonic plates reconfigures global land and ocean areas and generates topography.
The position of the continents determines the geometry of the oceans and therefore influences patterns of ocean circulation. The locations of the seas are important in controlling the transfer of heat and moisture across the globe.
Orbital variations
Slight variations (100s of miles) in Earth’s orbit lead to changes in the seasonal distribution of sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface and how it is distributed across the planet. Types of orbital variations (changes in the tilt angle of Earth’s axis of rotation, and precession of Earth’s axis), have a large impact on climate.
Volcanism
Volcanic eruptions, geysers, and hot springs, are examples of volcanic processes.
Eruptions, large enough to climate change Affect Plants">affect climate occur on average several times per century, and cause cooling for a period of a few years. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991, the second largest terrestrial eruption of the 20th century affected the climate substantially. Global temperatures decreased by about 0.5 °C (0.9 °F).
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... affecting climate and measures of climate variables. Consequences of climate change: There are number of consequences of climate change ... climate of the Earth. Factors that can change the climate are called climate ... Ocean variability: Ocean is central part of climate system, some changes ... eruption , plate tectonic and human activities. Scientists actively work to understand past and future climate ...
Volcanoes are also part of the extended carbon cycle. Over very long (geological) time periods, they release carbon dioxide from the Earth’s crust and mantle.
Human influences
Anthropogenic factors – it is human activity affecting the environment changes. In some cases the chain of causality of human influence on the climate is direct and unambiguous (for example, the effects of irrigation on local humidity), while in other instances it is less clear. Various hypotheses for human-induced climate change have been argued for many years. There isn’t scientific consensus on climate change is that human activity is cause for the rapid increase in global average temperatures over the past several decades.
Of most concern in these anthropogenic factors is the increase in CO2 levels.
Ocean variability
The ocean is a fundamental part of the climate system. Short-term fluctuations (years to a few decades) and the Arctic oscillation, represent climate variability rather than climate change. Ocean plays a key role in redistributing heat by carrying out a very slow and extremely deep movement of water, and the long-term redistribution of heat in the world’s oceans.
Solar output
The sun is the predominant source for energy input to the Earth. Both long- and short-term variations in solar intensity are known to affect global climate.
Three to four billion years ago the sun emitted only 70% as much power as it does today. If the atmospheric composition had been the same as today, liquid water should not have existed on Earth. However, there is evidence for the presence of water on the early Earth. Hypothesized solutions to this paradox include a vastly different atmosphere, with much higher concentrations of greenhouse gases than currently exist over the following approximately 4 billion years. The energy output of the sun increased and atmospheric composition changed, with the oxygenation of the atmosphere around 2.4 billion years ago being the most notable changes. These changes in luminosity, and the sun’s ultimate death as it becomes a red giant and then a white dwarf, will have large effects on climate, with the red giant phase possibly ending life on Earth.
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Our understanding and our modern perception of our solar system, the Milky Way, has been drastically reshaped from the corresponding perception of only a few hundred years ago. Our Solar System, the Milky Way is probably about 4-5 billion years old. Only in the last 400 years or so have we realized that the earth is not the "center", and that in the Universe alone there is an immense 200 billion " ...
Solar output also varies on shorter time scales, including the 11-year solar cycle and longer-term modulations. Solar intensity variations are considered to have been influential in triggering the Little Ice Age and some of the warming observed from 1900 to 1950. The cyclical nature of the sun’s energy output is not yet fully understood; it differs from the very slow change that is happening within the sun as it ages and evolves.
However, with high probability, the scientific community believes that the sun and cosmic bodies around the planet have the greatest impact on the climate of the earth. One of the recent statements by NASA to confirm:
“September 26, 2010. Specialists of the NASA warned that in 2013 is possible an unusually strong solar flares, which can pose a threat to electrical and communication systems and bring them out for a long time. This message is much more serious in tone of those who came from NASA so far.
British Defence Secretary Liam Fox compared it with the the possible effects of nuclear bombing.
U.S. scientists believe that solar storms can affect our planet, as lightning, damaging satellites and terrestrial communications infrastructure.
“We know that this can happen in the near future, but do not know how hard it might be the consequences” – said Professor Richard Fisher, NASA. He noted that a strong solar storm can not only disable all electronic devices, and even can change the Earth’s magnetic field. Currently, solar activity is minimal, but in the coming years, it markedly enhanced… “