I. Introduction
The existence of civil society in Ethiopia is not a new phenomenon. Civil society in the form of
self-help system has long existed in the country. However, there is little written information on
these systems. The emergence of modern, formal and legal Civil Society Organisations (CSOs)
such as trade unions, professional associations and Non-Government Organisation (NGOs), is a
recent phenomenon.
NGOs as part of CSOs, started to evolve as a result of the 1973 and 1984 Ethiopian famine where
they involved in relief operations. However, later with increased financial and material support from
foreign donors and with an improvement in the situation of the country, NGOs moved progressively
into long-term programs focusing on addressing basic needs (provi sion of basic social services).
Such programs had the aim of helping the poor to build their capacity to meet their own needs
and resources they control. Here, poverty is understood as the lack of basic needs or income.
Most NGOs in Ethiopia are still involved in such development efforts. However, such
understanding of poverty and development were not able to address problems of powerlessness,
social injustice, human rights and marginalisation.
According to the new paradigm shift, democracy is a necessary condition for developmentZQ
2. A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION
The Essay on How Can Civic Education Enhances Civil Society
Civic education is very essential to each and every citizen in a civil society. Therefore it must be noticeable. Civic education contributes to the well-being of society. This presentation is aimed at discussing how civic education can enhance civil society. The key concepts in this presentation are civic education and civil society. Therefore it is important to know the meaning of these two ...
Contributions by Vineel Krishna, IAS Mutyalaraju Revu, IAS Vijay Kumar Mantri, IAS B. Sandeep Kumar, IFS Arvindhakshan, IRS Bala Kiran, IPS G. Kranti Kumar,IPS A. Vijaya Laxmi, IPS K. Veeraraghava Rao, IAS Ramesh Reddy, IPS Ramanjaneyulu, IRS Raja Kumari, IPS Compiled, Edited & Cover Page Design by Vijay Kumar Mantri
XYZ PUBLISHERS, HYDERABAD
This book contains full of suggestions and guidelines. Each suggestion in this book is the offspring of lessons that rankers learnt from their mistakes during their preparation. Authors bear no responsibility for any damage from their suggestions and guidelines, which are actually their opinions. Readers may follow these suggestions and guidelines after judging rationally based on the suitability to their nature and environment.
Published by GVK Publications, Hyderabad –02 © All Rights Reserved First Edition 2007
Printed at Xyz Press, Hyderabad
2
PREFACE
“How to Crack Civil Services Examination” is a comprehensive guide to Civil Services Examination written by rankers. It covers every aspect of the examination at every stage of the examination including how to prepare, what to prepare, where to prepare, how to chose optional subjects, how to write the exam, how to prepare for interview, etc. It covers detailed strategy of preparation for General Studies Prelims and Mains Exams, Essay and Interview. It gives suggested reading and strategy of preparation for all popular optionals. It even touches upon some miscellaneous aspects, which have impact on the preparation like health, stress management, hobbies, etc. Each suggestion in this book is the offspring of lessons that Mutyalaraju and other toppers learnt from their mistakes during their preparation. The main aim of this book is to make sure that aspirants do not waste their attempts due to lack of proper guidance.
3. Women In Politics
‘Why Nigerian Women Fail in Elections’ This Day (Lagos) INTERVIEW 30 September 2007
Posted to the web 1 October 2007 Lagos
Hon. Patricia Udogu, member House of Representatives between 2003 and 2007, was the first woman Federal parliamentarian from Imo State. She was also a member of the Inter- Parliamentary Union (IPU) for four years. In this interview with Chuks Okocha she speaks on ways to improve women’s role in future elections. She also takes a critical look at the role of Nigerian female politicians in context with other countries and recommends how to improve women’s chances in politics ahead of the 2011 general elections in Nigeria
The Term Paper on Women’s Roles in Leadership Positions
The roles of women have been evolving for the last 100 years. Many women have shattered the stereotype that a women’s role is to be in charge of the family and have become leaders in a walks of life. Women have proved that they can be effective as business and government leaders. Although there are still gender biases that can exist, it is much move covert then it was 40 years ago. Oddly enough, ...
How did women fare in the last elections in Nigeria?
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The elections were spectacular in the sense that they were the first elections in the annals of Nigeria, which were organised by an incumbent government. Many things have been said and written about the April elections, including several problems in terms of rigging and fairness.
I am not here to discuss the flaws of the elections or otherwise. I would rather concern myself with the role of women at the elections and also how they fared. And to ensure that adequate analysis is done, a comparative analysis earlier would be taken in terms of global electoral concepts. This is as regards women both in presidential and parliamentary elections in conjunction with the spirit of the United Nations and the Beijing Agenda. This has defined standards of women participation in politics and other national engagement.
For a clearer understanding of how women fared, a time frame from 2003 and 2005 shall be my yardstick. Thereafter, an analysis of the women role in the 2007 elections would be undertaken and issues that militated against their progress or otherwise would be highlighted and solution proffered where necessary.
How would you give a global analysis of how women fared in elections?
A review of records from the…
4. 1
Introduction:
Human resource (HR) function is facing a diverse set of issues and challenges from both internal and external environment. Global competition, technological advancement, changing profile of employees, skill shortages, retention, downsizing, and outsourcing are some of the most common HR issues and challenges. To address the issues and to meet the challenges, HR has to play different roles. A review of literature reveals different roles proposed by different scholars. This paper makes an attempt to identify the HR roles in India replicating the model for multiple roles proposed by Conner and Ulrich (1996).
The Term Paper on What Is the Role of Women in Ancient, Medieval and Modern India?
I am Indian, and i've been to india in the last year, the role of women today, is very different to what it was during medeival or ancient times, but it depends on where you are in india. India is a very diverse-cultured nation, infact there are many different cultures there, and the role of women depends on which culture you are considering. During ancient times, girls were ONLY considered ...
A brief review of different HR roles proposed by different scholars over a period of time is presented in the first part of the paper. This is followed by summary of evolution of HRM in India. The latter part presents the research carried out in India to find out the HR roles.
Human Resource Roles:
Pigors and Myers (1973) indicate that personnel administration is a line responsibility, but staff function. As it is a staff function, Flippo (1984) mentions that personnel department’s
