WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) Background In 1995 Ericsson initiated a project which purpose was to develop a general protocol, or rather a concept, for value added services on mobile networks. The protocol was named Intelligent Terminal Transfer Protocol (ITTP), and handles the communication between a service node where the service application is implemented and an intelligent mobile telephone. The ambition was to make ITTP a standard for value added services in mobile networks. During 1996 and 1997 Unwired Planet, Nokia, and others, launched additional concepts in the area of value added services on mobile networks.
Unwired Planet presented Handheld Device markup language (HDML) and Handheld Device Transport Protocol (HTTP).
Just as HyperText Markup Language (HTML) used on the WWW, HDML is used for describing content and user interface, but optimised for wireless Internet access from handheld devices with small displays and limited input facilities. In March 1997 Nokia officially presented the Smart Messaging concept, an Internet access service technology specially designed for handheld GSM devices. The communication between the mobile user and the server containing Internet information uses Short Message Service (SMS) and a markup language called Tagged Text Markup Language (T TML).
Just like HDML, this language is adapted for wireless communication, i. e.
narrowband connections. With a multitude of concepts there was a substantial risk that the market could become fragmented, a evelopment that neither of the involved companies would benefit from. Therefore, the companies agreed upon bringing forth a joint solution. WAP was born…
The Term Paper on Quality of Service for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Networks (MANETs) where every node moves arbitrarily causing the multi-hop network topology to change randomly and at unpredictable times. In this thesis an existing QoS framework is extended to be suitable for MANETs. In order to prove its correctness and ef? ciency the system is implemented and simulated using the ns-2 network simulator. 1. 2 Mobile Ad Hoc Networks A mobile ad hoc network is a ...
WAP Forum On June 26 1997 Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, and Unwired Planet took the initiative to start a rapid creation of a standard for making advanced services within the wireless domain a reality. In December 1997 WAP Forum was formally created, and after the release of the WAP 1. 0 specifications in April 1998, WAP Forum membership was opened to all. Today (February 1999) over companies are members of WAP Forum. Among these companies many of the world! |s leading terminal and infrastructure manufacturers, software companies, operators, and service providers are found. The handset manufacturers in WAP Forum represent over 90% of the world market across all technologies, and the network operators are representing about 100 million subscribers.
The main objectives of the WAP Forum are: “.
