Manifesto of the Communist Party Political Ideologies The basic thought running through the manifesto is that all history has been a history of class struggles between the exploited and exploiting, between dominated and dominating classes at different stages of social evolution. (Slavery, Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism, Communism).
This struggle, however, is believed to have reached a stage where the exploited and oppressed class (the proletariat) can no longer liberate itself from the bourgeoisie. This thought belongs to Marx and Marx only as we ” ve learned. Communism is haunting Europe. Two things result from this: Communism is already declared by all European powers to be itself a power.
It is time that Communists openly, publish their views, their aims, and their tendencies. This manifesto was sketched by communists of various nationalities that assembled in London, and published it in English, French, German, Italian, Flemish and Danish. Bourgeois and Proletarians The oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another. Each time this fight ended either in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes. Now, class oppositions are simplified.
Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great aggressive (hostile) camps, into two great classes directly facing each other- the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The first elements of the bourgeoisie developed during the middle ages. The discovery of America then opened up fresh ground for the rising bourgeoisie. The modern bourgeoisie is itself the outcome of a long course development of a series of revolutions in the modes of production and exchange. Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a corresponding political advance in that class. ‘It has drowned out the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervor (passion), of chivalrous (medieval knightly system) enthusiasm, of philistine (person who is hostile) sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation.’ So it also reduced the family relation into a mere money relation.
The Essay on Ruling Class Bourgeois Marx Communist
Abstract on the Communist Manifesto Karl Marx wrote the Communist Manifesto between December 1847 and February 1848 at the request of the Central Committee of the Communist League in London. This theoretical pamphlet containing merely thirty pages may be responsible for influencing more people between the late nineteenth and mid twentieth centuries than any other printed work of its time. Not only ...
The need of a constantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the entire surface of the globe. It must settle everywhere, make connections everywhere. In place of the old wants, we find new wants; therefore a universal inter-dependence of nations occurs. The bourgeoisie compels all nations to adopt the bourgeoisie mode of production; it compels them to introduce what it calls civilization into their midst i. e.
to become bourgeois themselves. In one word, it creates a world after its own image. It also made barbarian countries dependent on the civilized ones. (The peasants on the bourgeois, the East on the West).
The bourgeoisie concentrated property in a few hands, therefore one of the consequences of this was political centralization. The means of production and of exchange, on whose foundation the bourgeoisie built itself up, were generated in feudal society. Modern bourgeois society, that has raised / compelled such gigantic means of production, is like the sorcerer who is no longer able to control the powers of the nether world that he called up his spells. (We discussed the Mickey Mouse example in class).
Then there is the epidemic of over-production, society suddenly finds itself put back into a state of momentary barbarism, industry and commerce seem to be destroyed, due to too much civilization, too much industry, too much commerce. The weapons with which the bourgeoisie felled feudalism to the ground are now turned against the bourgeoisie itself.
But not only has the bourgeoisie constructed the weapons that bring death to itself, it has also called into existence the men who are to handle those weapons-the modern working class-the proletariat. The modern working class developed-a class of laborers who live only so long as they find work. These laborers who must sell themselves piecemeal, are a commodity, like every other article of commerce, and are consequently exposed to all the instability of competition, to all the fluctuations of the market. Owing to extensive use of machinery and to division of labor, the work of the proletarians has lost all individual character and all charm of the workman. He becomes in appendage (something attached) to the machine. This led to alienation of the proletariat.
The Term Paper on Working Class Society Marx Durkheim
INTRODUCTION Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim are some of the founding fathers in the Sociological discipline. Each developing the discipline in their respective area, contributed to the social science course becoming what it is today. Durkheim the man who coined the term social facts and some sociological theories on functionalism, division of labour in society, education and social solidarity, ...
At one stage of the proletariat’s development, they direct their attacks not against the bourgeois condition of production, but against the instruments of production themselves; they destroy imported wares (merchandise / machines ) that compete with their labor, they smash to pieces machinery, they set factories ablaze, they seek to restore by force the vanished status of the workman of the Middle Ages. With the development of industry, the proletariat not only increases in number, it becomes concentrated in greater masses, therefore the workers begin to form ‘trade unions’, they club together to keep up the rate of wages. Here and there the contest breaks into riots / chaos . (Revolt) The real fruit of their battles is not in the immediate result, but in the expanding union of the workers. This union is helped on by the improved means of communication. Still, every class struggle is considered a political struggle.
The proletarian movement is the self-conscious, independent movement of the immense majority, in the interest of the immense / huge majority. The proletariat, the lowest stratum of our present society, cannot stir, cannot raise itself up without the whole strata of official society being sprung into the air. The proletariat of each country must, of course, first of all settle matters with its own bourgeoisie. Up to now, in every society we have seen the oppressing and he oppressed classes. The essential conditions for the existence and for the sway of the bourgeoisie class are the formation and expansion of capital; the condition for capital is wage-labor. Wage labor rests exclusively on competition between the laborers..
The Essay on The British Society And The Class System: Short Notes
When talking about UK’s culture and Britishness, we surely can’t help mentioning the British class system. In fact, this phenomenon has largely influenced the framework of the British society throughout the centuries. But what is the class system and how is it structured? According to sociologists, social classes can be defined as the grouping of people by occupation, so we have: the ...
