About Indian Tiger
The Indian tiger has perhaps attracted more vivid portrayals than any other species. If looked in the socio religious context, this isn’t surprising at all. While the tiger has been traditionally associated with the Indian Goddesses Durga, today it has also become a symbol of national pride. Efforts for its conversation have been quite remarkable. In India, you can catch more than a glimpse of the Indian tiger
The tiger Land : Historically, tigers lived in all the regions of India, from the snow – covered Himalayas at elevations of 10,000 feet, to the forests of south India. Tigers may inhabit high mountain terrain, dry tropical forests, humid evergreen forests and mangrove swamps, humid evergreen forests and mangrove swamps.
Tiger land bandhavgarhAn adult tiger defends a large area from all other tiger of same sex. The primary resource of this territory is food. A female’s territory must contain enough prey to support herself and her cubs. A male’s territory, additionally, must offer access to females with which to mate. Thus, a male’s territory overlaps with that of one to seven females. Male territories are always large than those of females. Male territory size varies enormously and is directly related to the abundance of prey-rich habitats defend quite small territories and female territories average just eight square miles.
The Tiger Family : Except for a mother and her cubs, tiger live and hunt alone. But that does not mean they are not social. Scent marks and visual signposts (scratch marks) allow tigers to track other tigers in the area and even identify individuals. A female’s tiger knows the other females of nearby territories and in many cases; a neighbour may be her daughter. Females know their overlapping males take over. All tigers can identify passing strangers. So, while solitary tigers actually have a rich social life, they just prefer to socialize from a distance.
The Essay on Sex In Religion Sexual Female Male
Sex in Religion The ways in which the sexual body and sexual pleasure are viewed have changed drastically over time. This is due in large part to the teachings and interpretations of Saint Augustine and the Christian Church. Today and for the greater part of the last thousand years, the woman s body is constantly degraded through the use of slang terms, its depiction in movies, books, and ...
Tiger breed between the months of February till May, just after the rainy season in Asia. After breeding, 15-16 weeks will pass by before their cubs are born. Female tigers called tigress seeks out a den and prepares for her litter. Male tigers stay with a female for only a short time after their cubs are born.
When tiger cubs are sixth moth old, they are ready to join their parents on hunts. They stay with their mothers until age two. After that they are to live on their own Tigers may live for as long as 20 years.
Call for the Prey : Tigers prey primarily on wild boar and other swine and medium to large deer such as chital, red deer and sambar. When hunting together, tigers also hunt gaur, huge wild cattle.
The tiger hunts alone, primarily between dusk and dawn, traveling 6 to 20 miles in a night in search of prey. A typical predatory sequence includes a slow, silent stalk until the tiger is 30 to 35 feet from the selected prey, followed by a lightening fast rush to close the gap. The tiger then grabs the animal in its forepaws, a bite on the neck or throat. After dragging the carcass to a secluded spot, the tiger eats. A tiger eats 33 to 40 pounds of meat on an average night and must kill about once every week. Catching a meal is not easy, a tiger is successful only once in 10 to 20 hunts.
1. A very large solitary cat (Panthera tigris) with a yellow-brown coat striped with black, native to the forests of Asia but becoming…
2. Used to refer to someone fierce, determined, or ambitious: “despite his wound, he still fought like a tiger”.
Tigers in India
Famous As : Great Indian Tiger
Also Known As : Bengal Tigers
Famous Tiger Hubs : Corbett National Park, Ranthambore National Park, Bandhavgarh National Park
Best Time To Visit : Early Morinings and Before Sun Set
The Research paper on Larger Prey Amphibians Anurans Eggs
Amphibians Amphibians Introduction Amphibians are unique Amphibians Essay, Research Paper Amphibians Introduction Amphibians are unique life forms in that there is no single characteristic that describes amphibians, such as hair on mammals and gills on fish. The name, Amphibia means "double life' (Duellman 1). The term Amphibian can be interpreted in two ways, either as an animal spending part of ...
Famous Tiger Lodges : Dhikala Forest Lodge, Bharatpur Forest Lodge, Kabini River Lodge
Tiger is not only the national animal of India, it is the very essence of Indian wildlife. But poaching and too much killing have threatened its very existence of this magnificent animal, Tiger.
Introduction to Indian Tigers
Tigers are the largest living members of the cat family and commonly weigh up to 500-600 pounds and reach a length of 9-10 feet, excluding the tail. The outer look of the tiger usually has reddish yellow or reddish brown coat with black stripes, ventrally it is white giving it a royal look. Its ears are black on the outside and each of them has a prominent white spot on it.
On rare occasions, Indian tigers are born with pure white fur and black stripes. Indian tigers have different colored eyes ranging from blue to the usual brown.
Tigers live alone and aggressively scent-mark large territories to keep their rivals away. They are powerful nocturnal hunters that travel many miles to find buffalo, deer, wild pigs, and other large mammals. Tigers use their distinctive coats as camouflage (no two have exactly the same stripes).
They lie in wait and creep close enough to attack their victims with a quick spring and a fatal pounce. A hungry tiger can eat as much as 60 pounds (27 kilograms) in one night, though they usually eat less.
Despite their fearsome reputation, most tigers avoid humans; however, a few do become dangerous maneaters. These animals are often sick and unable to hunt normally, or living in an area where their traditional prey has vanished.
Tiger Habitat
Indian Tigers are very rugged and can survive in a variety of environmental situations, ranging from dry and arid to high-altitude, cold and Himalayan regions. In India, the animal is found in the mangrove forest of Sunderbans, the wet and evergreen northeast India, the hot and arid jungles of Rajasthan and the swampy reedlands of the Terai.
Tiger’s Nutriment
Tigers hunt on their own and usually lead a solitary existence, each in its own territory. It is also the largest land-living mammal whose diet consists entirely of meat. As per the food chain cycle, tiger can eat a variety of animals such as deer, antelopes, gaurs and wild pigs, sometimes it also captures birds, lizards, turtles, fishes, frogs and crabs, but no one can have tiger as their food.
The Essay on Biast Against Female Infanicide In India
The bias against females in India is related to the fact that "Sons are called upon to provide the income; they are the ones who do most of the work in the fields. In this way sons are looked to as a type of insurance. With this perspective, it becomes clearer that the high value given to males decreases the value given to females." (Marina Porras, "Female Infanticide and Foeticide".) The problem ...
Tiger can preserve their prey for next meal by covering it with leaves and grass. Tiger’s agile and lithesome body helps in hunting at an amazing rate. They are endowed with good swimming power but seldom climb trees.
Tiger’s Domain
Each tiger selects his own territory according to the power he possesses. Male tiger has a larger dominion than a female tiger and the area of female tiger is usually within the range of male tiger. The primary resource of this territory is food. A female’s territory must contain enough prey to support herself and her cubs.
Mortality Rate
In their natural environment, Tigers usually live up to 15 years.If they are kept in a secured environment like zoo, then they can live around 20 years.
Reproduction and Breeding
A male and female tiger meets only briefly. Their is no such reproduction period or season for tigers, mating can occur at any time, but the most preferred season is autumn and winter i.e., between November and April.
Once the mating process is over, there is no meeting between the male and female tiger. The gestation period usually lasts for three and a half months. The female tiger gives birth to two to three cubs in a secluded place like thick bush, cave etc.
It is the responsibility of the female tiger to nurse the cubs until they are on their own. A cub takes around six months to grow and the next 18 months become independent. The chance of the survival of cubs depends upon the fulfillment of the basic necessities such as food and other habitat requirements. Female cubs, when fully grown may establish a territory adjacent to that of their mother, or even take over part of their mother’s territory. Adult females generally produce a litter every two years.
Some of the Tiger Reserves in India
Palamau Tiger Reserve (Bihar)
Buxar Tiger Reserve (West Bengal)
Palamu Tiger Reserve (Jharkhand)
Pench Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh)
Melghat Tiger Reserve (Maharashtra)
The Term Paper on Save Tigers in India
With India's large network of protected areas and continued funding from conservation groups like the Wildlife Conservation Society, the findings provide hope that tigers can avoid extinction in the wild. The biggest threat to tigers in India is depletion of their chief prey like deer, wild pigs and wild cattle by local people. As a result although about 300,000 square kilometers of tiger habitat ...
Similipal Tiger Reserve (Orissa)
Dudwa National Park (Uttar Pradesh)
Royal Bengal Tiger
Length : Males : 8.8 feet-10.2 fee, Females : 7 .11 feet – 8.7 feet
Weight : Males : 419-569 pounds, Females : 221-353 pounds
Shoulder height : 36 in.
Breeding
Sexual maturity : 3-4 years.
Mating : Usually in spring.
Gestation : 95-112 days.
Litter size : 2-4 cubs.
Lifestyle
Habit : Solitary and nocturnal.
Diet : Consists of pigs, deer, antelopes and buffalo, Chital, wild boar, monkeys, gaur, buffalo.
Call : Roar, growl, or purr.
Lifespan : 15 years under normal conditions.
Latin name : Panthera tigris
Bengal Tiger attracts tourists from all over the world. Bengal Tiger is the largest in the cat family. The skin of these Tigers have black stripes which gives it a royal look. These Tigers generally found in White. The scientific name of the Tiger is Panthera Tigris.
Bengal Tiger is the guardian of the jungle. He can protect, he can guard, and he can kill if he finds someone breaking the laws of the jungle. The Bengal tiger is perceived as an icon of strength, speed and agility from Siberia to Sumatra.
Bengal tigers live in India and are sometimes called Indian tigers. They are the most common tiger and number about half of all wild tigers. Over many centuries they have become an important part of Indian tradition and lore.
Habitat of Bengal Tiger
The Royal Bengal Tiger lives in varied habitats open jungles, humid evergreen forests and mango grove swamps. In India, Bengal Tiger is found in the mangrove forest of Sunderbans. Sunderbans are the Major Indian Tiger Hub. In Sunderbans, the animal still enjoys reverence, where according to an estimate though about half of the tiger population has mauled humans. Royal Bengal Tigers hunt on their own and usually lead a solitary existence, each in its own territory. They are also found in other areas of India as well as some parts of Nepal and Burma.
Bengal Tiger Population
There were at least 50,000 Bengal tigers in India alone in the 19th century, according to an estimate. We had over forty thousand tigers in the beginning of the 20th century, but the number has decreased considerably. For example, the authorities of the Buxa Tiger Reserve in North Bengal estimated the number of Royal Bengal tigers in the reserved areas as 32, as per the census in 1997, a notch above the figure of 31, as per the 1995 census. It’s estimated that less than 3,000 Bengal tigers are left in the wild today.
The Term Paper on Introduction to Textile Industry in India
The term 'Textile' is a Latin word originated from the word 'texere' which means 'to weave'. Textile refers to a flexible material comprising of a network of natural or artificial fibers, known as yarn. Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting and pressing fibers together. History of Textile The history of textile is almost as old as that of human civilization and as time ...
Tiger once the symbol of Indian wilderness, and shooting (of course with guns from quite a safe distance) them was taken to be a symbol of heroism. Over a few centuries, the tiger was mercilessly slaughtered by all trying to prove their manhood. Documents show that more than 20,000 tigers were shot between 1860-1960. The actual figures no doubt would be much more than this. But before it was too late, the government under pressure from biologists and tiger lovers from all over the world pressed the panic button and Project Tiger was launched in India. After the resounding success of the Tiger Conservation Program in India known as Project Tiger, the population of wild Tigers has increased dramatically.
The Bengal Tiger is now strictly protected, and is the national animal of both Bangladesh and India. The Tiger population of India has reached about 3,500, up from 1,200 in the 1970s. In the Sundarbans, a 2004 census found the presence of about 280 Tigers on the Bangladesh side. But from the late 80’s and the early 90’s the Tiger population has suffered a setback due to Habitat destruction and the large scale poaching of these animals for their skins and bones.
Distribution of Bengal Tigers
Approximate worldwide population of 4,580 Bengal Tigers is estimated in 2005.
India : 3,500 to 3,750 + 332 pure-bred Bengal Tigers in captive zoos across India
Bhutan : 50 to 140
China : 30 to 40
Bangladesh : 300 to 440
Nepal : 150 to 220
Now in 2007 there is an estimate of a small drop in China (due to the increase of zoo-bred Chinese Tigers), 10 more in Bhutan, and a major increase of almost 50 total in the wild.
Some Miths & facts about Bengal Tiger
The roar of a Bengal tiger can be heard 2 miles away. A tiger is a voracious eater. It can kill the equivalent of 30 buffaloes a year, and eat 65 pounds of meat in a night.
After killing its prey, the tiger always starts feeding from the hindquarters first. Tigers, unlike many other cats, often eat meat that has begun to putrefy. The Siberian tiger, a cousin of the Bengal tiger, is the world’s largest cat.
The Essay on Enron Business India Project Government
Enron was willing to make the huge investment due to following reasons: firstly, from the political perspective, the available investing environment has engaged. By the 1990! s, India experienced the ideological changes, government embraced a free market approach, including de regulations and loosening of foreign direct investment (FDI). Also Rao! s government allowed foreign private company to ...
Project Tiger
To protect the Royal Bengal Tigers, Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation project initiated in India in 1972. It was launched on April 1, 1973 and has become one of the most successful conservation ventures in modern history.
The project aims at tiger conservation in specially constituted ‘tiger reserves’ which are representative of various bio-geographical regions falling within India. This project entailed the creation of nine tiger reserves, now this number has increased.
Present organisation and aims
The management strategy of Project Tiger was to identify the limiting factors and to mitigate them by suitable management. The damages done to the habitat were to be rectified so as to facilitate the recovery of eco-system to the maximum possible extent.
The overall administration of the project is monitored by a ‘Steering Committee’. The execution of the project is done by the respective State Governments. A ‘Field Director’ is appointed for each reserve, who is assisted by the field and technical personnel. The Chief Wildlife warden in various States are responsible for the field execution. At the Centre, a full-fledged ‘Director’ of the project coordinates the work for the country.
1. Create awareness
Anyone and everyone can help if they put their mind to it. So make posters, fliers, shout it out from the roof tops, spread a word; in other words create awareness about the importance of tigers on the planet. Organise birthday parties with tiger theme, parents can take the children to zoo for more information on tigers.
2. Educate the locals
People living near the forests need to be educated about the importance of tigers in terms of ecosystem. They need to be told that if there will be no tigers there will be no forests as all the grass eaters will devour the forests.
3. Stop poaching and don’t encourage poachers
Sale of tiger skin and other body parts is banned. So if you find somebody hunting tigers, report them to your local police station or even the forest officials. They will take care of the poachers.
4. Support a cause
Join a cause for tigers. You can join save our tigers and support them by blogging, or by making posters, sending fliers among other things. You can also organise a tiger sale and donate the money to the cause.
5. Severe punishment for poachers
Ensure that the poachers are not allowed to go easily. Make sure that they receive severe punishment for their crime.
6. Ban the goods made of tiger skin
Please do not use goods made of tiger skin. Also please don’t use the medicine made out of tiger’s body parts. On an average one wild tiger is killed each day for profit killing.
7. Protect forests
In order to save tigers forests need to be protected. Apparently the species are becoming extinct because of the loss of their natural habitat.
8. Take an eco tour
An eco tour that focuses on tigers can be beneficial in making people understand the importance of tigers. Also the money made out of these tours can help in convincing government that tigers can be profitable.
9. Support accredited zoos and wildlife sanctuaries
You can also support various accredited zoos and wildlife sanctuaries in your area. They are active in research and conservation programmes with some of the zoos involved in captive breeding of tigers
10. Donate money to tiger conservation organisations
You can also donate some amount to tiger conservation organisations who are constantly striving to fund money for their research as well as educational programmes on tigers.
These are few of the ways that you can save the tigers from becoming extinct. There were eight species of tigers on the planet earth. However, three of them are already extinct save the rest five. The three species that are extinct now are Bali tigers, Javan tigers and Caspian tigers.
The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to 3.3 metres (11 ft) and weighing up to 306 kg (670 lb).
Their most recognizable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with lighter underparts. They have exceptionally stout teeth, and their canines are the longest among living felids with a crown height of as much as 74.5 mm (2.93 in) or even 90 mm (3.5 in).[4] In zoos, tigers have lived for 20 to 26 years, which also seems to be their longevity in the wild.[5] They are territorial and generally solitary but social animals, often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support their prey requirements. This, coupled with the fact that they are indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on earth, has caused significant conflicts with humans.
Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, from Turkey in the west to the eastern coast of Russia. Over the past 100 years, they have lost 93% of their historic range, and have been extirpated from southwest and central Asia, from the islands of Java and Bali, and from large areas of Southeast and Eastern Asia. Today, they range from the Siberian taiga to open grasslands and tropical mangrove swamps. The remaining six tiger subspecies have been classified as endangered by IUCN. The global population in the wild is estimated to number between 3,062 to 3,948 individuals, with most remaining populations occurring in small pockets that are isolated from each other. Major reasons for population decline include habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation and poaching.[1] The extent of area occupied by tigers is estimated at less than 1,184,911 km2 (457,497 sq mi), a 41% decline from the area estimated in the mid-1990s.[6]
Tigers are among the most recognisable and popular of the world’s charismatic megafauna. They have featured prominently in ancient mythology and folklore, and continue to be depicted in modern films and literature. Tigers appear on many flags, coats of arms, and as mascots for sporting teams.[7] The Bengal tiger is the national animal of Bangladesh and India.[8]
Country Estimate Bangladesh 440 Bhutan 75 Cambodia 20 China 45 India 1,706 Indonesia 325 Laos 17 Malaysia 500 Myanmar 85 Nepal 155 North Korea n/a Russia 360 Thailand 200 Vietnam 20 Total 3,948
In the wild, tigers mostly feed on larger and medium sized animals. Sambar, gaur, chital, barasingha, wild boar, nilgai and both water buffalo and domestic buffalo are the tiger’s favoured prey in India. Sometimes, they also prey on leopards, pythons, sloth bears and crocodiles. In Siberia the main prey species are manchurian wapiti, wild boar, sika deer, moose, roe deer, and musk deer. In Sumatra, sambar, muntjac, wild boar, and malayan tapir are preyed on. In the former Caspian tiger’s range, prey included saiga antelope, camels, caucasian wisent, yak, and wild horses. Like many predators, they are opportunistic and will eat much smaller prey, such as monkeys, peafowls, hares, and fish.
Adult elephants are too large to serve as common prey, but conflicts between tigers and elephants do sometimes take place. A case where a tiger killed an adult Indian Rhinoceros has been observed. Young elephant and rhino calves are occasionally taken. Tigers also sometimes prey on domestic animals such as dogs, cows, horses, and donkeys. These individuals are termed cattle-lifters or cattle-killers in contrast to typical game-killers.[63]
Old tigers, or those wounded and rendered incapable of catching their natural prey, have turned into man-eaters; this pattern has recurred frequently across India. An exceptional case is that of the Sundarbans, where healthy tigers prey upon fishermen and villagers in search of forest produce, humans thereby forming a minor part of the tiger’s diet.[64] Tigers will occasionally eat vegetation for dietary fiber, the fruit of the Slow Match Tree being favoured.[63]
Tigers’ extremely strong jaws and sharp teeth make them superb predators.
Tigers are thought to be nocturnal predators, hunting at night.[65] However, in areas where humans are absent, they have been observed via remote controlled, hidden cameras hunting during the daylight hours.[66] They generally hunt alone and ambush their prey as most other cats do, overpowering them from any angle, using their body size and strength to knock large prey off balance. Even with their great masses, tigers can reach speeds of about 49–65 kilometres per hour (35–40 miles per hour), although they can only do so in short bursts, since they have relatively little stamina; consequently, tigers must be relatively close to their prey before they break their cover. Tigers have great leaping ability; horizontal leaps of up to 10 metres have been reported, although leaps of around half this amount are more typical. However, only one in twenty hunts ends in a successful kill.[65]
When hunting large prey, tigers prefer to bite the throat and use their forelimbs to hold onto the prey, bringing it to the ground. The tiger remains latched onto the neck until its prey dies of strangulation.[15] By this method, gaurs and water buffalos weighing over a ton have been killed by tigers weighing about a sixth as much.[67] With small prey, the tiger bites the nape, often breaking the spinal cord, piercing the windpipe, or severing the jugular vein or common carotid artery.[68] Though rarely observed, some tigers have been recorded to kill prey by swiping with their paws, which are powerful enough to smash the skulls of domestic cattle,[63] and break the backs of sloth bears.[69]
During the 1980s, a tiger named “Genghis” in Ranthambhore National Park was observed frequently hunting prey through deep lake water,[70] a pattern of behaviour that had not been previously witnessed in over 200 years of observations. Moreover, he appeared to be extraordinarily successful for a tiger, with as many as 20% of hunts ending in a kill.
Country Estimate
Bangladesh Bangladesh 440
Bhutan Bhutan 75
Cambodia Cambodia 20
China China 45
India India 1,706
Indonesia Indonesia 325
Laos Laos 17
Malaysia Malaysia 500
Myanmar Myanmar 85
Nepal Nepal 155
North Korea North Korea n/a
Russia Russia 360
Thailand Thailand 200
Vietnam Vietnam 20
Total 3,948
