Deficiency of Fat Soluble Vitamins, Sample of Reports

4 pages, 1756 words

DEFICIENCY OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Vitamins are essential nutrients your body needs in small amounts for various roles in the human body. Vitamins are divided into two groups: water-soluble (B-complex and C) and fat-soluble (A, D, E and K).

Unlike water-soluble vitamins that need regular replacement in the body, fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and fatty tissues, and are eliminated much more slowly than water-soluble vitamins.

Because fat-soluble vitamins are stored for long periods, they generally pose a greater risk for toxicity than water-soluble vitamins when consumed in excess. Eating a normal, well-balanced diet will not lead to toxicity in otherwise healthy individuals. However, taking vitamin supplements that contain mega doses of vitamins A, D, E and K may lead to toxicity. Remember, the body only needs small amounts of any vitamin.

While diseases caused by a lack of fat-soluble vitamins are rare in the United States, symptoms of mild deficiency can develop without adequate amounts of vitamins in the diet. Additionally, some health problems may decrease the absorption of fat, and in turn, decrease the absorption of vitamins A, D, E and K. Consult your doctor about this.

Fat soluble vitamins are vitamin A, D,E, K

VITAMIN A:

Vitamin A, also called retinol, has many functions in the body. In addition to helping the eyes adjust to light changes, vitamin A plays an important role in bone growth, tooth development, reproduction, cell division and gene expression. Also, the skin, eyes and mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, throat and lungs depend on vitamin A to remain moist.

4 pages, 1765 words

The Term Paper on Fat And Water- Soluble Vitamins

... daily amount your body requires, well that is a piece. Vitamins are classified into two groups, fat soluble (vitamin A, D, E and K) or water soluble (vitamin B ... and create liver damage. Water soluble vitamins (B-complex and vitamin C), unlike fat soluble vitamin dissolve in water and are not stored and our bodies are in continuous ...

The best way to ensure your body gets enough vitamin A is to eat a variety of foods. Vitamin A is supplied primarily by certain foods of animal origin like dairy products, fish and liver. Some foods of plant origin contain beta-carotene, an antioxidant that the body converts to vitamin A. Beta-carotene, or provitamin A, comes from fruits and vegetables. Carrots, pumpkin, winter squash, dark green leafy vegetables and apricots are rich sources of beta-carotene.

The recommendation for vitamin A intake is expressed as micrograms (mcg) of retinol activity equivalents (RAE).

Retinol activity equivalents account for the fact that the body converts only a portion of beta-carotene to retinol. One RAE equals 1 mcg of retinol or 12 mcg of beta-carotene True vitamin A deficiency in the United States is rare. Night blindness and very dry, rough skin may indicate a lack of vitamin A. Other signs of possible vitamin A deficiency include decreased resistance to infections, faulty tooth development, and slower bone growth.

In the United States, toxic or excess levels of vitamin A are of more concern than deficiencies. The tolerable upper intake level for adults is 3,000 mcg RAE. It would be difficult to reach this level consuming food alone. But some multivitamin supplements contain high doses of vitamin A. If you take a multivitamin, check the label to be sure the majority of vitamin A provided is in the form of beta-carotene, which appears to be safe. Symptoms of vitamin A toxicity include dry, itchy skin, headache, nausea, and loss of appetite. Signs of severe overuse over a short period of time include dizziness, blurred vision and slowed growth. Vitamin A toxicity also can cause severe birth defects and may increase the risk for hip fractures.

Physicians sometimes recommend that young infants take vitamin supplements that contain vitamin A. However, toddlers and children need protection from too much vitamin A due to their smaller body size. Typical foods eaten in large amounts by toddlers and children usually contain sufficient amounts of vitamin A. Provide a variety of foods for your children, and if in doubt, check with a pediatrician or Registered Dietitian.

1 page, 439 words

The Essay on Fast Food Children Families People

Some of the people interviewed for this film suggest that Americans can always refuse to eat fast food, but is it really that easy? No, because there are many factors involved when an individual of family decide to eat fast food for any particular meal of the day. Several factors in this decision include but are not limited to: Firstly most people pack their day with activities continuously so ...

VITAMIN D:

Vitamin D plays a critical role in the body’s use of calcium and phosphorous. It increases the amount of calcium absorbed from the small intestine and helps form and maintain bones. Children especially need adequate amounts of vitamin D to develop strong bones and healthy teeth.

The primary food sources of vitamin D are milk and other dairy products fortified with vitamin D. Vitamin D is also found in oily fish (e.g., herring, salmon and sardines) as well as in cod liver oil. In addition to the vitamin D provided by food, we obtain vitamin D through our skin which makes vitamin D in response to sunlight.

An Adequate Intake (AI) for has been established for vitamin D The AIs for vitamin D appear as micrograms (mcg) of cholecalciferol. Ten mcg of cholecalciferol equals 400 International Units (IU).

Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency in growing children include rickets (long, soft bowed legs) and flattening of the back of the skull. Vitamin D deficiency in adults is called osteomalacia, which results in muscular weakness and weak bones. These conditions are rare in the United States.

The tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D is set at 50 mcg for people 1 year of age and older . High doses of vitamin D supplements coupled with large amounts of fortified foods may cause accumulations in the liver and produce signs of poisoning. Signs of vitamin D toxicity include excess calcium in the blood, slowed mental and physical growth, decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting.

It is important that infants and young children do not consume excess amounts of vitamin D regularly. Children exposed to the sun for 5 to 10 minutes daily will produce enough vitamin D. However, if children live in inner cities, wear clothes that cover most of their skin or live in northern climates where little sun is seen in the winter, then vitamin D deficiency may occur. Rather than give children a supplement, add fortified foods to their diet, such as vitamin D fortified milk and other dairy products.

2 pages, 559 words

The Essay on The Used Cooking Oil

Oil used in cooking foods is commonly derived from vegetables. Cooking oil is commonly used for frying. Oil used for frying is usually thrown away. The recycling of cooking oil also provides a form of revenue for restaurants, which are sometimes compensated by cooking oil recyclers for their used deep fryer oil. Cooking oil recycling also results in less used oil being disposed of in drains, which ...

Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased risk of common cancers, autoimmune diseases, hypertension and infectious disease. In the absence of adequate sun exposure, at least 800 to 1,000 IU of Vitamin D3 may be needed to reach the circulating level required to maximize Vitamin D’s beneficial health effects. exposure, at least 800 to 1,000 IU of Vitamin D3 may be needed to reach the circulating level required to maximize Vitamin D’s beneficial health effects.

VITAMIN E

Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting vitamins A and C, red blood cells and essential fatty acids from destruction. Research from a decade ago suggested that taking antioxidant supplements, vitamin E in particular, might help prevent heart disease and cancer. However, newer findings indicate that people who take antioxidant supplements are not better protected against heart disease and cancer than non-supplement users. On the other hand, there are many studies that show a link between regularly eating antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables and a lower risk for heart disease, cancer and several other diseases.

The RDA for vitamin E is based on the most active and usable form called alpha-tocopherol. One milligram of alpha-tocopherol equals to 1.5 International Units (IU).About 60 percent of vitamin E in the diet comes from vegetable oil or products made with vegetable oils. Therefore, good food sources of vitamin E include vegetable oils and margarines. Vitamin E is also found in fruits and vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds and fortified cereals. Vitamin E deficiency is rare. Cases of vitamin E deficiency only occur in premature infants and people unable to absorb fats.

The tolerable upper intake levels for vitamin E are shown in .Large doses of vitamin E pose a hazard to people who take blood-thinning medications. People taking statin drugs are also not advised to take supplemental vitamin E because it may interfere with how the medication works.

6 pages, 2799 words

The Term Paper on National Oilseeds & Vegetable Oils Development Board

Dr. M.S.PUNIA EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR National Oilseeds & Vegetable Oils Development Board, (Ministry of Agriculture, Govt of India), FOREWORD India stands at sixth place in the world in energy need and overall demand of crude oil which is expected to rise annually by 5.6% upto 2011. The scenario of rising prices in the world oil market and respective foreign exchange cost are the main risk factors ...

VITAMIN K

Naturally produced by the bacteria in the intestines, vitamin K plays an essential role in normal blood clotting and helps promote bone health.

Good food sources of vitamin K are green vegetables such as turnip greens, spinach, cauliflower, cabbage and broccoli, and certain vegetables oils including soybean oil, cottonseed oil, canola oil and olive oil. Animal foods, in general, contain limited amounts of vitamin K.

To help ensure people receive sufficient amounts of vitamin K, an Adequate Intake (AI) has been established for each age group Without sufficient amounts of vitamin K, hemorrhaging can occur. Deficiencies may appear in infants, or in people who take anticoagulants or antibiotic drugs. Newborn babies lack the intestinal bacteria to produce vitamin K and need a supplement for the first week. People on anticoagulant drugs (blood thinners) may become deficient in vitamin K, but should not change their vitamin K intake without consulting a physician because the effectiveness of the drug may be affected. People taking antibiotics may lack vitamin K temporarily because intestinal bacteria are sometimes killed as a result of long-term use of antibiotics. Also, people with chronic diarrhea may have problems absorbing sufficient amounts of vitamin K through the intestine and should consult their physician to determine if supplementation is necessary.

Although a tolerable upper intake level has not been established for vitamin K, excessive amounts can cause the breakdown of red blood cells and liver damage. Large doses are not advised

2 pages, 983 words

The Essay on Oil Industry People Roads Cars

The final solution It seems as though Present day Americans have "Super sized" their way of life from what it was in the past. People are buying larger houses, shopping at huge department stores, and buying goods in bulk. It also seems like people are living an accelerated lifestyle with a schedule primarily composed of business. New technology in communications and transportation has provided us ...

5 pages, 2416 words

The Term Paper on Skin To Skin Contact Immediately After Cesarean: Benefits To Mom And Baby

Kangaroo care is defined as the way of “holding a preterm or full term infant so that there is skin-to-skin contact between the infant and the person holding it. The baby, wearing only a diaper, is held against the parent’s bare chest. Kangaroo Care (also Kangaroo Maternal [Mother] Care or Skin-to-Skin Contact and Breastfeeding) is a method used to restore the unique mother-infant bond following ...

DEFICIENCY OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

VITAMIN D:

VITAMIN E

VITAMIN K

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