The History of Eiffel Tower.
Whether you’re lucky enough to have visited Paris or have only ever dreamed of going there, French capital’s most beloved landmark: the Eiffel Tower .The Eiffel Tower, La Tour Eiffel in French, was the main exhibit of the Paris Exposition or World’s Fair of 1889. It was constructed to commemorate the centennial of the French Revolution and to demonstrate France’s industrial prowess to the world.
When Gustave Eiffel’s company built Paris’ most recognizable monument for the 1889 World’s Fair, many regarded the massive iron structure with skepticism. Today, the Eiffel Tower, which continues to serve an important role in television and radio broadcasts, is considered an architectural wonder and attracts more visitors than any other paid tourist attraction in the world. Gustave Eiffel, a French civil engineer, is usually credited with designing the tower that bears his name. However, it was actually two lesser-known men, Maurice Koechlin and Emile Nouguier, who came up with the original drawings for the monument. Together with Eiffel and a French architect, Stephen Sauvestre, the engineers submitted their plans to a contest that would determine the centerpiece for the 1889 World’s Fair in Paris.The Eiffel company’s design won, and construction of the wrought iron tower began in July 1887. But not everyone in Paris was thrilled with the idea of a giant metal monument looming over the city. While Eiffel himself often receives full credit for the monument that bears his name, it was one of his employees—a structural engineer named Maurice Koechlin—who came up with and fine-tuned the concept. Several years earlier, the pair had collaborated on the Statue of Liberty’s metal armature. When construction of the tower began on the Champs de Mars, a group of 300 artists, sculptors, writers and architects sent a petition to the commissioner of the Paris Exposition, pleading him to halt construction of the “ridiculous tower” that would reduce the growth of Paris. But the protests of Paris’ artistic community fell on deaf ears as construction of the tower was completed in just over two years, on March 31, 1889.
The Essay on Eiffel Tower Paris Top First
... has become a characteristic symbol of Paris. Undoubtedly, Eiffel Tower is one of the greatest monuments of the world. It was built for the 1889 ... th anniversary of the French Revolution While the Eiffel Tower has welcomed 32, 250, 297 people to L'exposition de Paris, Parisians did not welcome ...
Eiffel reportedly rejected Koechlin’s original plan for the tower, instructing him to add more flourishes. The final design called for more than 18,000 pieces of puddle iron, a type of wrought iron used in construction, and 2.5 million rivets. Several hundred workers spent two years assembling the framework of the iconic lattice tower, which at its inauguration in March 1889 stood nearly 10,000 feet high and was the tallest structure in the world—a distinction it held until the completion of New York City’s Chrysler Building in 1930. (In 1957, an antenna was added that increased the structure’s height by 65 feet, making it taller than the Chrysler Building but not the Empire State Building, which had surpassed its neighbor in 1931.) Initially, only the Eiffel Tower’s second-floor platform was open to the public; later, all three levels, two of which now feature restaurants, would be reachable by stairway or one of eight elevators. Millions of visitors during and after the World’s Fair come at Paris’ newly architectural wonder. Not all of the city’s inhabitants were as enthusiastic, however,the novelist Guy de Maupassant, for example, allegedly hated the tower so much that he often ate lunch in the restaurant at its base, the only vantage point from which he could completely avoid glimpsing at the tower of wonder.
Eiffel Tower surviving during World War 1 and scientific experiments use on it.
The Eiffel Tower was almost torn down and scrapped in 1909. City officials opted to save it after recognizing its value as a radiotelegraph station. Several years later, during World War I, the Eiffel Tower intercepted enemy radio communications, relayed alerts and was used to emergency troop reinforcements. It escaped destruction a second time during World War II: Hitler initially ordered the demolition of the city’s most cherished symbol, but the command was never carried out. Also during the German occupation of Paris, French resistance fighters famously cut the Eiffel Tower’s elevator cables so that the Nazis had to climb the stairs. Over the years, the Eiffel Tower has been the site of numerous high-profile stunts, ceremonial events and even scientific experiments. Just days after its opening, Eiffel installed a meteorology laboratory on the third floor of the tower. He invited scientists to use the lab for their studies on everything from gravity to electricity. In 1911, for instance, the German physicist Theodor Wulf used an electrometer to detect higher levels of radiation at its top than at its base, observing the effects of what are now called cosmic rays.
The Essay on The migration of people to cities is one the biggest problems facing the world’s cities today
The migration of people to cities is one the biggest problems facing the world’s cities today. Discuss the main causes. What solutions could be used to tackle the situation? Nowadays, the issue of urbanization is more frequently discussed than ever before due to its increasing impacts on lives and on the environment. Most people will not argue the fact that living in a city is easier overall than ...
The tower is still home to more than 120 antennas, broadcasting both radio and television signals throughout the capital city and beyond. The Eiffel Tower has also inspired more than 30 replicas and similar structures in various cities around the world. The Eiffel Tower is still the centerpiece of Paris’ cityscape. More than 7 million people visit this iconic tower every year, according to the attraction’s official website. Since its opening in 1889, 250 million people from around the world have enjoyed all that the Eiffel Tower has to offer.And it has a lot to offer. The tower’s three platforms are home to two restaurants, several buffets, a banquet hall, a champagne bar and many unique gift shops. Educational tours of the tower are available for children and tourist groups. The tower is open to visitors 365 days a year, with visiting times varying by season. Maintenance of the tower includes applying 50 to 60 tonnes (49 to 59 long tons; 55 to 66 short tons) of paint every seven years to protect it from rust. The height of the Eiffel Tower varies by 15 cm (5.9 in) due to temperature. From June to September, the tower remains open until after midnight. Rates vary, but visitors can expect to pay between $19 (14.5 euro) and $13 (10 euro) per person for access to the tower’s three public lifts and 704 stairs. In 1986 the external night-time floodlighting was replaced by a system of illumination from within the tower’s superstructure, so that it now looks at its magical best after dark.
The Essay on Gustave Eiffel World Tower Radio
An engineer by training, Gustave Eiffel designed some of the finest and most recognized structures in the world today. Specializing in metal structural work, Eiffel's accomplishments range from the Nice observatory to the Statue of Liberty. His brilliant career was marred only by the fraudulent charges brought on during the construction of the Panama Canal. Gustave Eiffel was born in Dijon, France ...
The tower casts off quite an amazing light show just after dark on most nights.During the Belle Époque the cabaret artist Mistinguett expressed her amazement at its continued existence. In the 1970s, the singer Jacques Dutton was concerned it might have cold feet. Rather than just a brief moment in time, the Tower has become the “soul” of the City of Light, dominating the Seine and the Paris skyline. “A useless and irreplaceable building, a familiar world and heroic symbol, the witness to a century and a permanently new monument, an inimitable and endlessly reproduced object…”, said Roland Barthes (La tour Eiffel, published by Deplore in 1964).
Now one of the most recognizable structures on the planet, the Eiffel Tower underwent a major facelift in 1986 and is repainted every seven years. It welcomes more visitors than any other paid monument in the world—an estimated 7 million people per year. Some 500 employees are responsible for its daily operations, working in its restaurants, manning its elevators, ensuring its security and directing the eager crowds flocking the tower’s platforms to enjoy panoramic views of the City of Lights.To conclude ,Eiffel tower remains in the history ,present and the future and in which it will be always remembered by visitors all over the world.