EXECUTIVE BUSINESS
ACADEMIC WRITING
NATURE Vs NURTURE
NATURE Vs NURTURE
I. Human behaviour and development is determined by the interaction of biological factors and environmental conditions
II. Importance of biological influence
A. Historical background, 1st theory/discovery Charles Darwing.
B. Biological factors
1. Physical characteristics.
2. Science of genetics, illness, DNA.
III. Importance of Environment influenced
A. Historical background
1. John Locke
2. Behaviorists: John Watson and Skinner, everything leaned.
3. William James: babies no sense
IV. Interaction between biology and environment
A. Foetus develops, the biological process effected by smoking, drinking, illness and so on
B. Lots of behaviour/senses (baby), genes program our growing.
1. Vision, Recognize shapes
2. Hearing, Recognize voices between sounds and specific characteristics of the human voice .
3. Taste, Distinguish of taste
4. Smell, Identification of smell, mother odour
5. Psychomor performance: babies learned to walk more quickly y encouraged
6. Speech development: structures in the brain
The Essay on Biological Bases Of Behavior
How do humans react to the ferocious roar of the bear? Why do humans have headaches and stress out when come upon to do certain tasks? The environment, genes and chromosomes, and the central nervous system are factors to answer these questions. The human psychological characteristics and behavior are built by a combination of these factors. Psychologists use these factors to determine peoples ...
C. Science an genetic: some illness genetic DNA
V. Conclusion, Even of schedule of biological factor, the human development is affected negative and positive by the presence of environmental conditions
NATURE Vs NURTURE
It is not in discussion that as human beings make up into a persons with physical and psychological characteristics, and it is these that separate us from animals and even from the other human beings. But the argument as to what influences and causes human behaviour and development has run for hundreds of years. Some people have said that nature (biology), characteristics (genes) are the most important factors and others, have said the environment (nurture) is most important. Although it is now understood that human behaviour and development is determined by the interaction of biological factors and environmental conditions.
The first scientist to express the importance of biology was Charles Darwin who 200 years ago discovered the theory of evolution and that we inherit features from our parents. Charles Darwin observed physical characteristics in animals and the importance of genes. We can clearly see this aspect influence in characteristics such as hair colour, skin type, colour and shape of eyes, facial features, type of blood etc. that we inherit from the combination of our parent’s genes, so clearly it not affected by the environment. In addition we can see the influence of biological factors in illness through DNA, as illnesses are passed down generations, when old people or close family members have children. These illnesses can be physical for example cancer and diabetes or mental such a depression and madness.
The idea that the environment is the important factor in human development was first written by the English philosopher John Locke, in the 17th century who said we were a ‘tabla rasa’ (blank slate) and that knowledge appears by means of experience (Locke, in hoeksema, 1996 p 10).
Following this, William James said that babies were born without senses and developed these through experience (James, in hoeksema, 1996 p 12).
The Term Paper on Implications of Development in the Environment
This paper deals with the implications due to the development in Northern Canada. The effects of these developments in the environment and people are included in this paper. Also, the groups that are established to eliminate or rather reduce the pollutants emitted in the atmosphere due to these developments and their goals are stated in this paper. Northern Canada is the northernmost region of ...
Following them, the Behaviourists (like Skinner and Watson) believed that human nature is changeable through experience (Watson and Skinner, in hoeksema, 1996 p 10).
We can see these arguments reflected in how people learn to speak a language which depends on the country they are in. Even if their parents are come from different country, the infant will be speak the language that is learned through experience. Thus it not impact by biological factors. In spite of language development have their roots in the forming of physical structures in the brain.
The discussion about the interaction between nature and nurture can be seen clearly in the growth of the foetus, although have a biological basis which can be affected by negative environmental conditions such as catch an illness, alcohol, drugs, smoking among others. Also in the development and performance of coordination, motor skills and language, early stimulation can make infants acquire these skills sooner than expected. In spite of Graw, Dennis and Thompson, rejected that the stimulation as a environment condition, influence in the early star to walk from the babies (Graw 1935/1975, Dennis 1949 and Thompson 1929 in hoesksema),
We now know that many other things have a biological base as well, such as the development of the senses. In fact the baby is born already with all the sensory systems (hearing, vision, smell, taste) working . Although the environment probably doesn’t help the early development of these (in the womb), compared to help in the motor skill and speech early develop. So without the interaction between the senses and environment, the senses would lose the reason of exist. We can see this interaction during the pregnancy time, for example when the mother put some music close to the womb, the baby star to do some moves and also after the childbirth.
The Term Paper on Early Language and Development
Language is a complex and abstract endeavor, wonderfully creative at the same time governed by a multitude of rules. Before the age of 1 year, babies communicate with intent, primarily through the use of body orientation, facial expressions, gestures, and nonsymbolic vocalizations that mimic the intonations of their native language. At the end of the first year, however, many babies are beginning ...
The interaction between nature a nurture can also be seen in the process of ageing some mental illness like Alzheimer has been show to biological basics. It often occurs through families and has a genetic cause. However the environment has an effect the development of the illness can be slowed by mental exercise and therapies.
Another example of the interaction between genetic characteristics and experiences is showed by Pavlov in how it could affect animal’s behaviour by conditioning their environment.
It is clear that the process of human development is affected by biological factors and for both negatively and positively environmental conditions, the nature has to have specific level of develop to have an interaction with the nurture, but at the same time it has to have an agent to act on the human development. Therefore is difficult to say which one is more important because both of them have the same relationship with the human development, and any of them cannot be influences completely it without another.
LIST OF REFERENCES
• Hoesksema.S.N. 1996Hilgard’s Introduction to psychology. Cengane Learning. London. P 10 –13.
